Atom Resolved Surface Reactions

Chapter 1: Some Milestones in the Development of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis;

1 Introduction;

2 1926: Catalysis, Theory and Practice;

Rideal and Taylor;

3 1932: Adsorption of Gases by Solids;

Faraday Discussion, Oxford;

4 1940: Seventeenth Faraday Lecture;

Langmuir;

5 1950: Heterogeneous Catalysis;

Faraday Discussion, Liverpool;

6 1957: Advances in Catalysis;

International Congress on Catalysis, Philadelphia;

7 1963: Conference on Clean Surfaces with Supplement: Surface Phenomena in Semiconductors, New York;

8 1966: Faraday Discussion Meeting, Liverpool;

9 1967: The Emergence of Photoelectron Spectroscopy;

10 1968: Berkeley Meeting: Structure and Chemistry of Solid Surfaces;

11 1972: A Discussion on the Physics and Chemistry of Surfaces, London;

12 1987: Faraday Symposium, Bath Summary;

References;

Further Reading;

Chapter 2:Experimental Methods in Surface Science Relevant to STM;

1 Introduction;

2 Kinetic Methods;

3 Vibrational Spectroscopy;

4 Work Function;

5 Structural Studies;

6 Photoelectron Spectroscopy;

7 The Dynamics of Adsorption;

Summary;

References;

Further Reading;

Chapter 3: Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy: Theory and Experiment;

1 The Development of Ultramicroscopy;

2 The Theory of STM;

3 The Interpretation of STM Images;

4 Scanning Tunnelling Spectroscopy;

5 The STM Experiment;

6 The Scanner;

Sample Approach;

Adaptations of the Scanner for Specific Experiments;

7 Making STM Tips;

Tip Materials;

References;

Chapter 4: Dynamics of Surface Reactions and Oxygen Chemisorption;

1 Introduction;

2 Surface Reconstruction and "Oxide" Formation;

3 Oxygen States at Metal Surfaces;

4 Control of Oxygen States by Coadsorbates;

5 Adsorbate Interactions, Mobility and Residence Times;

6 Atom-tracking STM;

7 Hot Oxygen Adatoms: How Are They Formed?;

Summary;

References;

Further Reading;

Chapter 5: Catalytic Oxidation at Metal Surfaces: Atom Resolved Evidence;

1 Introduction;

2 Ammonia Oxidation;

Cu(110) Pre-exposed to Oxygen;

Coadsorption of Ammonia-Oxygen Mixtures at Cu(110);

Coadsorption of Ammonia-Oxygen Mixtures at Mg(0001);

Ni(110) Pre-exposed to Oxygen;

Ag(110) Pre-exposed to Oxygen;

3 Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide;

4 Oxidation of Hydrogen;

5 Oxidation of Hydrocarbons;

6 Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide and Sulfur Dioxide;

7 Theoretical Analysis of Activation by Oxygen;

Summary;

References;

Further Reading;

Chapter 6: Surface Modification by Alkali Metals;

1 Introduction;

2 Infrared Studies of CO at Cu(110)-Cs;

3 Structural Studies of the Alkali Metal-modified Cu(110) Surfaces;

Low-energy Electron Diffraction;

Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy;

Cu(110)-Cs System;

Oxygen Chemisorption at Cu(110)-Cs;

4 Reactivity of Cu(110)-Cs to NH3 and CO2;

5 Au(110)-K System;

6 Cu(100)-Li System;

Summary;

References;

Further Reading;

Chapter 7: STM at High Pressure;

1 Introduction;

2 Catalysis and Chemisorption at Metals at High Pressure;

Carbon Monoxide and Nitric Oxide;

Hydrogenation of Olefins;

3 Restructuring of the Pt(110)-(1 I 2) Surface by Carbon Monoxide;

4 Adsorption-induced Step Formation;

5 Gold Particles at FeO(111);

6 Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange and Surface Poisoning;

Summary;

References;

Further Reading;

Chapter 8: Molecular and Dissociated States of Molecules: Biphasic Systems;

1 Introduction;

2 Nitric Oxide;

3 Nitrogen Adatoms: Surface Structure;

4 Carbon Monoxide;

5 Hydrogen;

6 Dissociative Chemisorption of HCl at Cu(110);

7 Chlorobenzene;

8 Hydrocarbon Dissociation: Carbide Formation;

9 Dissociative Chemisorption of Phenyl Iodide;

10 Chemisorption and Trimerization of Acetylene at Pt(111);

Summary;

References;

Further Reading;

Chapter 9: Nanoparticles and Chemical Reactivity;

1 Introduction;

2 Controlling Cluster Size on Surfaces;

3 Alloy Ensembles;

4 Nanoclusters at Oxide Surfaces;

5 Oxidation and Polymerisation at Pd Atoms Deposited on MgO Surfaces;

6 Clusters in Nanocatalysis;

7 Molybdenum Sulfide Nanoclusters and Catalytic Hydrodesulfurisation Reaction Pathways;

8 Nanoparticle Geometry at Oxide-supported Catalysts;

Summary;

References;

Further Reading;

Chapter 10: Studies of Sulfur and Thiols at Metal Surfaces;

1 Introduction;

2 Studies of Atomic Sulfur Adsorbed at Metal Surfaces;

Copper;

Nickel;

Gold and Silver;

Platinum, Rhodium, Ruthenium and Rhenium;

Alloy systems;

3 Sulfur-containing Molecules;

Summary;

References;

Further Reading;

Chapter 11: Surface Engineering at the Nanoscale;

1 Introduction;

2 "Bottom-up" Surface Engineering;

Van der Waals Forces;

Hydrogen Bonding;

Chiral Surfaces from Prochiral Adsorbates;

Covalently Bonded Systems;

3 Surface Engineering Using Diblock Copolymer Templates;

Summary;

References;

Further Reading;

Epilogue;

Catalysis and the Greenhouse Phenomenon;

Subject Index;