Microbial Host-Interaction: Tolerance versus Allergy
64th Nestlé Nutrition Institute Workshop, Pediatric Program, Sydney, November 2008.
1st Edition
Published on 25. August 2009
Book
Hardback
272 pages
978-3-8055-9167-6 (ISBN)
Description
Most indigenous microbes occur in the intestinal tract, and their interactions with the host are largely unknown. Current understanding of host-microbe interactions links early microbial contact to the origin of disease, a theory that has its roots in the hygiene hypothesis. Modern life style appears to deprive the infant of conditions that provide adequate anti-inflammatory or tolerogenic stimuli upon antigen encounter. Thus, maturational signals from the environment and the diet are insufficient to adequately shape the immune system. This publication deals with the relationship between the gut microbiota as well as altered pattern of early microbial contact and the origin of human disease. New aspects of the original hygiene hypothesis are discussed in relation to disorders spanning from allergy and autoimmunity to obesity.The results presented suggest that all these disorders may be linked to aberrant antigen absorption and immune responses associated with dysfunction of mucosal defense. Researchers, clinicians and students interested in the interaction of the host with indigenous gut bacteria and the consequences for human health will find this publication of utmost interest.
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Content
Preface; Foreword; Contributors; Keynote Talks; A Paradigm for Commensalism: The Role of a Specific Microbial Polysaccharide in Health and Disease: Kasper, D.L.; The Hygiene Hypothesis: Do We Still Believe in It? Bjorksten, B.; Development of Normal Tolerance; 'ABC' of Mucosal Immunology: Brandtzaeg, P.; Innate and Adaptive Immune Pathways to Tolerance: Thornton, C.A.; Morgan, G.; Hitting the Mucosal Road in Tolerance Induction: Wiedermann, U.; Global View on Nutrition-Related Health Problems in Childhood; Obesity - Extending the Hygiene Hypothesis: Isolauri, E.; Kalliomaki, M.; Rautava, S.; Salminen, S.; Laitinen, K.; Autoimmunity and Diet: Cerf-Bensussan, N.; Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Example of an Emerging Allergic Manifestation? Heine, R.G.; Microbial-Host Interactions in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Experimental Colitis: Sartor, R.B.; Role of Allergen Exposure in Tolerance Development; Development and Regulation of Immune Responses to Food Antigens in Pre- and Postnatal Life: Renz, H.; Pfefferle, P.I.; Teich, R.; Garn, H.; Novel Approaches in Treating Food Allergy Using Allergens: Rance F.; Allergen Avoidance Approaches in Food Allergy Management: Koletzko, S.; Koletzko, B.; Nutrition and Immunological Homeostasis; Role of Dietary Immunomodulatory Factors in the Development of Immune Tolerance: Prescott, S.L.; Microbial Host Interactions: Selecting the Right Probiotics and Prebiotics for Infants: Salminen, S.; Collado, M.C.; Isolauri, E.; Gueimonde, M.; Probiotics and Prebiotics: Immunological and Clinical Effects in Allergic Disease: Tang, M.L.K.; Modified Proteins in Allergy Prevention: von Berg, A.; Concluding Remarks.