Applied Digital Optics - From Micro-optics to Nanophotonics
Published on 26. October 2009
Software
Other digital
638 pages
978-0-470-02265-8 (ISBN)
Description
Miniaturization and mass replications have begun to lead the optical industry in the transition from traditional analog to novel digital optics. As digital optics enter the realm of mainstream technology through the worldwide sale of consumer electronic devices, this timely book aims to present the topic of digital optics in a unified way. Ranging from micro-optics to nanophotonics, and design to fabrication through to integration in final products, it reviews the various physical implementations of digital optics in either micro-refractives, waveguide (planar lightwave chips), diffractive and hybrid optics or sub-wavelength structures (resonant gratings, surface plasmons, photonic crystals and metamaterials). Finally, it presents a comprehensive list of industrial and commercial applications that are taking advantage of the unique properties of digital optics. Applied Digital Optics is aimed primarily at optical engineers and product development and technical marketing managers; it is also of interest to graduate-level photonics students and micro-optic foundries.*
Helps optical engineers review and choose the appropriate software tools to design, model and generate fabrication files.* Gives product managers access to an exhaustive list of applications available in today's market for integrating such digital optics, as well as where the next potential application of digital optics might be.* Provides a broad view for technical marketing managers in all aspects of digital optics, and how such optics can be classified.* Explains the numerical implementation of optical design and modelling techniques.* Enables micro-optics foundries to integrate the latest fabrication and replication techniques, and accordingly fine tune their own fabrication processes.
Helps optical engineers review and choose the appropriate software tools to design, model and generate fabrication files.* Gives product managers access to an exhaustive list of applications available in today's market for integrating such digital optics, as well as where the next potential application of digital optics might be.* Provides a broad view for technical marketing managers in all aspects of digital optics, and how such optics can be classified.* Explains the numerical implementation of optical design and modelling techniques.* Enables micro-optics foundries to integrate the latest fabrication and replication techniques, and accordingly fine tune their own fabrication processes.
Reviews / Votes
"A volume that many engineers and students have been waiting for! Written by two eminent researchers in the field Bernard Kress and Patrick Meyrueis, Applied Digital Optics fulfils a real need for many." (Current Engineering Practice, 2010) "Summing up, a gem of a book those involved in digital optics cannot do without. The wide-ranging discussion of applications of digital optics will be recognized and highly regarded as a part of the armamentarium essential for anyone who wants to be brought up to date on what has been happening and what is happening in the field. It will inspire even more innovation and progress in an important field". (Current Engineering Practice, 1 November 2010)More details
Language
English
Place of publication
Hoboken
United Kingdom
Publishing group
John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Target group
Professional and scholarly
Dimensions
Height: 252 mm
Width: 176 mm
Thickness: 39 mm
Weight
1206 gr
ISBN-13
978-0-470-02265-8 (9780470022658)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Other editions
Additional editions
E-Book
11/2009
Wiley
€108.99
Available for download
Person
Bernard Kress has been involved in the field of digital optics since the late 1980s. He is an associate professor at the University of Strasbourg, France, teaching digital optics. For the last 15 years Dr Kress has been developing technologies and products related to digital optics. He has been working with established industries around the world and with start-ups in the Silicon Valley, California, with applications ranging from optical data storage, optical telecom, military and homeland security applications, LED and laser displays, industrial and medical sensors, biotechnology systems, optical security devices, high power laser material processing, to consumer electronics. He is on the advisory boards of various photonics companies in the US and has also been advising venture capital firms in the Silicon Valley for due diligence reviews in photonics, especially in micro- and nano-optics. He holds more than 25 patents based on digital optics technology and applications, and is the author of more than 100 papers on this subject. He has taught several short courses given at SPIE conferences. His first book on digital optics, Digital Diffractive Optics (2000), was published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and has been translated into Japanese in 2005 (published by Wiley-Maruzen). He is also the author of a chapter in the best seller Optical System Design (2007), edited by R. Fisher and published by McGraw-Hill. Bernard Kress can be contacted at bernard@applieddigitaloptics.com. Patrick Meyrueis is full professor at the University of Strasbourg since 1986 (formerly Louis Pasteur University). He is the founder of the Photonics Systems Laboratory which is now one of the most advanced labs in the field of planar digital optics. He is the author of more than 200 publications and was the chairman of more than 20 international conferences in photonics. He was the representative of the Rhenaphotonics cluster and one of the founders of the CNOP in 2001 (national French committee of optics and photonics). He is now acting as the scientific director of the Photonics Systems Lab and the head of the PhD and undergraduate program in the ENSPS National School of Physics in Strasbourg.
Content
About the Authors. Foreword by Professor Joseph Goodman. Foreword by Professor Trevor Hall. Acknowledgments. Acronyms. Introduction. Why a Book on Digital Optics? Digital versus Analog. What are Digital Optics? The Realm of Digital Optics. 1 From Refraction to Diffraction. 1.1 Refraction and Diffraction Phenomena. 1.2 Understanding the Diffraction Phenomenon. 1.3 No More Parasitic Effects. 1.4 From Refractive Optics to Diffractive Optics. 1.5 From Diffractive Optics to Digital Optics. 1.6 Are Diffractives and Refractives Interchangeable Elements? 2 Classification of Digital Optics 2.1 Early Digital Optics. 2.2 Guided-wave Digital Optics. 2.3 Free-space Digital Optics. 2.4 Hybrid Digital Optics. 3 Guided-wave Digital Optics 3.1 From Optical Fibers to Planar Lightwave Circuits (PLCs). 3.2 Light Propagation in Waveguides. 3.3 The Optical Fiber. 3.4 The Dielectric Slab Waveguide. 3.5 Channel Waveguides. 3.6 PLC In- and Out-coupling. 3.7 Functionality Integration. 4 Refractive Micro-optics 4.1 Micro-optics in Nature. 4.2 GRIN Lenses. 4.3 Surface-relief Micro-optics. 4.4 Micro-optics Arrays. 5 Digital Diffractive Optics: Analytic Type. 5.1 Analytic and Numeric Digital Diffractives. 5.2 The Notion of Diffraction Orders. 5.3 Diffraction Gratings. 5.4 Diffractive Optical Elements. 5.5 Diffractive Interferogram Lenses. 6 Digital Diffractive Optics: Numeric Type. 6.1 Computer-generated Holograms. 6.2 Designing CGHs. 6.3 Multiplexing CGHs. 6.4 Various CGH Functionality Implementations. 7 Digital Hybrid Optics 7.1 Why Combine Different Optical Elements? 7.2 Analysis of Lens Aberrations. 7.3 Improvement of Optical Functionality. 7.4 The Generation of Novel Optical Functionality. 7.5 Waveguide-based Hybrid Optics. 7.6 Reducing Weight, Size and Cost. 7.7 Specifying Hybrid Optics in Optical CAD/CAM. 7.8 A Parametric Design Example of Hybrid Optics via Ray-tracing Techniques. 8 Digital Holographic Optics 8.1 Conventional Holography. 8.2 Different Types of Holograms. 8.3 Unique Features of Holograms. 8.4 Modeling the Behavior of Volume Holograms. 8.5 HOE Lenses. 8.6 HOE Design Tools. 8.7 Holographic Origination Techniques. 8.8 Holographic Materials for HOEs. 8.9 Other Holographic Techniques. 9 Dynamic Digital Optics 9.1 An Introduction to Dynamic Digital Optics. 9.2 Switchable Digital Optics. 9.3 Tunable Digital Optics. 9.4 Reconfigurable Digital Optics. 9.5 Digital Software Lenses: Wavefront Coding. 10 Digital Nano-optics 10.1 The Concept of 'Nano' in Optics. 10.2 Sub-wavelength Gratings. 10.3 Modeling Sub-wavelength Gratings. 10.4 Engineering Effective Medium Optical Elements. 10.5 Form Birefringence Materials. 10.6 Guided Mode Resonance Gratings. 10.7 Surface Plasmonics. 10.8 Photonic Crystals. 10.9 Optical Metamaterials. 11 Digital Optics Modeling Techniques. 11.1 Tools Based on Ray Tracing. 11.2 Scalar Diffraction Based Propagators. 11.3 Beam Propagation Modeling (BPM) Methods. 11.4 Nonparaxial Diffraction Regime Issues. 11.5 Rigorous Electromagnetic Modeling Techniques. 11.6 Digital Optics Design and Modeling Tools Available Today. 11.7 Practical Paraxial Numeric Modeling Examples. 12 Digital Optics Fabrication Techniques. 12.1 Holographic Origination. 12.2 Diamond Tool Machining. 12.3 Photo-reduction. 12.4 Microlithographic Fabrication of Digital Optics. 12.5 Micro-refractive Element Fabrication Techniques. 12.6 Direct Writing Techniques. 12.7 Gray-scale Optical Lithography. 12.8 Front/Back Side Wafer Alignments and Wafer Stacks. 12.9 A Summary of Fabrication Techniques. 13 Design for Manufacturing. 13.1 The Lithographic Challenge. 13.2 Software Solutions: Reticle Enhancement Techniques. 13.3 Hardware Solutions. 13.4 Process Solutions. 14 Replication Techniques for Digital Optics. 14.1 The LIGA Process. 14.2 Mold Generation Techniques. 14.3 Embossing Techniques. 14.4 The UV Casting Process. 14.5 Injection Molding Techniques. 14.6 The Sol-Gel Process. 14.7 The Nano-replication Process. 14.8 A Summary of Replication Technologies. 15 Specifying and Testing Digital Optics. 15.1 Fabless Lithographic Fabrication Management. 15.2 Specifying the Fabrication Process. 15.3 Fabrication Evaluation. 15.4 Optical Functionality Evaluation. 16 Digital Optics Application Pools. 16.1 Heavy Industry. 16.2 Defense, Security and Space. 16.3 Clean Energy. 16.4 Factory Automation. 16.5 Optical Telecoms. 16.6 Biomedical Applications. 16.7 Entertainment and Marketing. 16.8 Consumer Electronics. 16.9 Summary. 16.10 The Future of Digital Optics. Conclusion. Appendix A: Rigorous Theory of Diffraction. A.1 Maxwell's Equations. A.2 Wave Propagation and the Wave Equation. A.3 Towards a Scalar Field Representation. Appendix B: The Scalar Theory of Diffraction. B.1 Full Scalar Theory. B.2 Scalar Diffraction Models for Digital Optics. B.3 Extended Scalar Models. Appendix C: FFTs and DFTs in Optics. C.1 The Fourier Transform in Optics Today. C.2 Conditions for the Existence of the Fourier Transform. C.3 The Complex Fourier Transform. C.4 The Discrete Fourier Transform. C.5 The Properties of the Fourier Transform and Examples in Optics. C.6 Other Transforms. Index.