Rothman-Simeone the Spine: PIN Code and User Guide to Continually Updated Online Reference

SECTION I. BASIC SCIENCE 1. Developmental Anatomy 2. Applied Anatomy 3. Architectural Design and Function of Human Back Muscles 4. Intervertebral Disc: Normal, Aging, and Pathologic 5. Lumbar Musculature: Anatomy and Function 6. Pain Mechanisms: Basic Science 7. Osteoporosis and Bone Physiology 8. Genetic Applications: Overview 9. Biomechanics 10. Outcomes Research for Spine Disorders SECTION II. DIAGNOSIS 11. The Patient History and Physical Examination: Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar 12. Spine Imaging 13. Electromyography, Nerve Conduction Velocity, and Dermatomal Somatosensory Evoked Potential 14. Intraoperative Somatosensory and Motor-Evoked Potentials 15. Epidural Nerve Block, Nerve Root Injections, and Discography SECTION III. SURGICAL ANATOMY AND SURGICAL APPROACHES 16. Cervical Spine: Anterior and Posterior 17. Thoracic Spine: Anterior 18. Thoracic Spine: Posterior 19. Thoracoscopic Approach for Spinal Conditions 20. Lumbosacral Spine: Anterior 21. Minimally Invasive Posterior Surgical Approaches to the Lumbar Spine 22. Lumbosacral Spine: Laparoscopic 23. Lumbosacral Spine: Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (PLIF) 24. Lumbosacral Spine: Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF) SECTION IV. SPINAL FUSION AND INSTRUMENTATION 25. Spinal Fusion: Techniques and Complications of Bone Graft Harvesting 26. Principles of Bone Fusion 27. Growth Factors and Cytokines as Stimulants of Bone Healing in Spinal Fusion: Clinical Applications 28. Electrical Stimulation of Bone Healing: Clinical Applications 29. Cervical Instrumentation: Anterior and Posterior 30. Thoracic and Lumbar Instrumentation: Anterior and Posterior SECTION V. THE CHILD'S SPINE 31. Back Pain in Children and Adolescents 32. Congenital Scoliosis 33. Idiopathic Scoliosis 34. Neuromuscular Scoliosis 35. Kyphosis: Congenital and Scheuermann's 36. Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis 37. Trauma in the Immature Spine 38. The Immature Spine and Athletic Injuries 39. Congenital Anomalies of the Cervical Spine 40. Congenital Anomalies of the Spinal Cord 41. Spinal Disorders Associated with Skeletal Dysplasias and Metabolic Diseases SECTION VI. ARTHRITIS AND INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS 42. Arthritic Disorders 43. Surgical Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis 44. Management of Ankylosing Spondylitis SECTION VII. CERVICAL DEGENERATIVE DISORDERS 45. Cervical Spine: Clinical Syndromes Radiculopathy and Myelopathy 46. Cervical Spine: Differential Diagnosis 47. Medical Myelopathies 48. Nonoperative Management of Disc and Degenerative Disorders 49. Surgical Management of Axial Pain 50. Cervical Radiculopathy: Anterior Surgical Approach 51. Cervical Myelopathy: Anterior Surgical Approach 52. Cervical Myelopathy: Posterior Approach-Laminectomy 53. Cervical Myelopathy: Posterior Approach-Laminoplasty 54. Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament SECTION VIII. THORACIC AND LUMBAR DISC DISEASE 55. Thoracic Disc Disease 56. Lumbar Disc Disease 57. Percutaneous Fusion 58. Disc and Nucleus Replacement: Basic Science and Clinical Results 59. Lumbar Disc Herniation SECTION IX. SPINAL STENOSIS 60. Spinal Stenosis: Pathophysiology, Clinical Evaluation, and Differential Diagnosis 61. Nonoperative Management of Spinal Stenosis 62. Surgical Management of Spinal Stenosis SECTION X. ADULT DEFORMITY 63. Degenerative Spondylolisthesis 64. Isthmic Spondylolisthesis 65. Adult Scoliosis and Kyphosis 66. Thoracoscopic Surgery: Clinical Applications SECTION XI. SPINE TRAUMA 67. Injuries of the Upper Cervical Spine 68. Injuries of the Lower Cervical Spine 69. Thoracolumbar Spinal Injuries 70. Late Decompression of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury 71. Injuries of the Sacrum 72. Acute Treatment of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury 73. Vertebral Artery Injuries Associated with Cervical Spine Trauma 74. Spinal Orthoses for Traumatic and Degenerative Disease 75. Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation SECTION XII. AFFLICTIONS OF THE VERTEBRAE 76. Tumors of the Spine 77. Infections of the Spine 78. Metabolic Bone Disorders of the Spine 79. Osteoporosis: Surgical Strategies SECTION XIII. SPINAL CORD 80. Intradural Tumors 81. Intradural Infections 82. Interventional Neuroradiology of the Spine 83. Arteriovenous Malformations of the Spinal Cord 84. Syringomyelia SECTION XIV. COMPLICATIONS 85. Spinal Cord and Nerve Root Injuries 86. Dural Tears 87. Vascular Complications 88. Instrumentation Complications 89. Postoperative Infections SECTION XV. FAILED SURGERY 90. Failed Surgery: Algorithm for Treatment 91. Revision Surgery: Disc and Stenosis 92. Treatment of Pseudarthrosis 93. Revision Strategies: Failed Instrumentation 94. Postoperative Cervical Deformities 95. Iatrogenic Flatback Deformity 96. Surgical Procedures for Chronic Pain Management SECTION XVI. REHABILITATION 97. Restoring Patients with Non-Specific Low Back Pain to Gainful Employment 98. Psychological Strategies for Chronic Pain Management 99. Pharmacological Strategies for Chronic Pain Management