The Computer and the Brain
Computer and the Brain
1st Edition
Published on 26. June 2012
136 pages
978-0-300-18808-0 (ISBN)
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John von Neumann
The Computer and the Brain
Book
08/2012
3rd Edition
Yale University Press
€16.50
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Content
- Cover
- Contents
- Foreword to the Third Edition
- Foreword to the Second Edition
- Preface
- Introduction
- PART 1 THE COMPUTER
- The Analog Procedure
- The Conventional Basic Operations
- Unusual Basic Operations
- The Digital Procedure
- Markers, Their Combinations and Embodiments
- Digital Machine Types and Their Basic Components
- Parallel and Serial Schemes
- The Conventional Basic Operations
- Logical Control
- Plugged Control
- Logical Tape Control
- The Principle of Only One Organ for Each Basic Operation
- The Consequent Need for a Special Memory Organ
- Control by ''Control Sequence'' Points
- Memory-Stored Control
- Modus Operandi of the Memory-Stored Control
- Mixed Forms of Control
- Mixed Numerical Procedures
- Mixed Representations of Numbers. Machines Built on This Basis
- Precision
- Reasons for the High (Digital) Precision Requirements
- Characteristics of Modern Analog Machines
- Characteristics of Modern Digital Machines
- Active Components
- Questions of Speed
- Number of Active Components: Required
- Memory Organs. Access Times: and Memory Capacities
- Memory Registers Built from Active Organs
- The Hierarchic Principle for Memory Organs
- Memory Components
- Questions: of Access
- Complexities of the Concept of Access Time
- The Principle of Direct Addressing
- PART 2 THE BRAIN
- Simplified Description of the Function of the Neuron
- The Nature of the Nerve Impulse
- The Process of Stimulation
- The Mechanism of Stimulating Pulses by Pulses
- Its Digital Character
- Time Characteristics of Nerve Response, Fatigue, and Recovery
- Size of a Neuron. Comparisons with Artificial Components
- Energy Dissipation. Comparisons with Artificial Components
- Summary of Comparisons
- Stimulation Criteria
- The Simplest-Elementary Logical
- More Complicated Stimulation Criteria
- The Threshold
- The Summation Time
- Stimulation Criteria for Receptors
- The Problem of Memory within the Nervous System
- Principles for Estimating the Capacity of the Memory in the Nervous System
- Memory Capacity Estimates with These Stipulations
- Various Possible Physical Embodiments of the Memory
- Analogies with Artificial Computing Machines
- The Underlying Componentry of the Memory Need Not Be the Same as That of the Basic Active Organs
- Digital and Analog Parts in the Nervous System
- Role of the Genetic Mechanism in the Above Context
- Codes and Their Role in the Control of the Functioning of a Machine
- The Concept of a Complete Code
- The Concept of a Short Code
- The Function of a Short Code
- The Logical Structure of the Nervous System
- Importance of the Numerical Procedures
- Interaction of Numerical Procedures with Logic
- Reasons for Expecting High Precision Requirements
- Nature of the System of Notations Employed: Not Digital but Statistical
- Arithmetical Deterioration. Roles of Arithmetical and Logical Depths
- Arithmetical Precision or Logical Reliability, Alternatives
- Other Statistical Traits of the Message System That Could Be Used
- The Language of the Brain Not the Language of Mathematics
