
Language as Behaviour, Language as Code
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Given this raison d'être, the work first illustrates one approach to the analysis of language in order to test whether something of significance can be said about the typology of texts and discourse. The approach chosen is Systemic Functional Grammar, with its roots in the Prague School of Linguistics and the London School of J.R. Firth, a theory that is particularly able to show how situational factors affect codal choices. Secondly, the author proceeds to use this theory and one language variety (academic speech) to illustrate the influence of speech situational components on the codal selections in the language variety.
Since the impetus for the work is pedagogical, the book concludes with a brief reappraisal of the analysis model and a discussion of some of the pedagogical implications stemming from the analysis. Since the work is also theoretical, the implications of the study for the model of grammar are thoroughly explored.
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Content
- LANGUAGE AS BEHAVIOUR, LANGUAGE AS CODE A STUDY OF ACADEMIC ENGLISH
- Editorial page
- Title page
- Copyright page
- Acknowledgements
- Table of contents
- Chapter 1: The Social Functional Linguistic Tradition and Approach
- Introduction
- 1.1 Social Functional Linguistics
- 1.2 Roots of the Social Functional Linguistic Approach
- 1.2.1 The Prague School of Linguistics
- 1.2.2 The London School of J.R. Firth
- 1.2.3 Tagmemics and Stratificational Grammar
- 1.3 Underlying Assumptions of the Social Functional Approach
- 1.4 Theoretical Model
- 1.4.1 Core Concepts in Systemic Grammar
- 1.4.2 The Development of Systemic Grammar
- Introduction
- Tri-stratal Nature of Language
- Categories of the Theory
- Scales of Abstraction
- Class and System Revisited
- Situational Constructs: Field, Tenor and Mode
- The Relationship between Situational Constructs and Codal Choices
- Tri-stratal View of Language Revisited
- Summary
- 1.4.3 Theoretical and Applied Extensions of Systemic Grammar
- 1.5 Working Model
- 1.5.1 Communication Linguistics
- 1.5.2 Constructs in the Communication Linguistics Model
- Introduction
- The Situational Plane
- Referential Realm, Referential Plot, Speech Community Context, and Generic Situation
- The Discoursal Plane
- Components of the Speech Community Context
- Components of the Generic Situation Revisited
- Phase
- Manifestation
- Codal constructs: semological and morphosyntactic strata
- Semological stratum
- Morphosyntactic stratum
- 1.5.3 Terminology
- 1.6 Summary
- Notes
- Diagram 1: Communication linguistics model of language
- Chapter 2: Analysis
- PART ONE: SITUATING THE ANALYSIS
- Introduction
- 1.1 Description of the Corpus
- 1.2 Situating the Corpus within the Speech Community Context and the Generic Situation
- 1.3 Format and Codal Features of the Analysis
- PART TWO: PHASAL ANALYSIS
- 2.1 Engineering
- 2.1.1 Engineering Discourse
- Discourse Structuring
- Content
- Conclusion
- Evaluation
- Interaction
- Background phase
- Metaphoric use of language
- Summary of phasal characteristics
- 2.1.2 Engineering Text
- Text structuring
- Content phase
- Conclusion
- Summary of phasal characteristics
- 2.2 Sociology
- 2.2.1 Sociology Discourse
- Discourse Structuring
- Examples
- Conclusion
- Evaluation
- Metaphoric use of language
- Summary of phasal characteristics
- 2.2.2 Sociology Text
- Text Structuring
- Content
- Examples
- Summary of phasal characteristics
- 2.3 Economics
- 2.3.1 Economics Discourse
- Discourse Structuring
- National Income
- Statisticians
- Model
- Opened Model
- Conclusion
- Interaction
- Metaphoric use of language
- Summary of phasal characteristics
- 2.3.2 Economics Text
- Text Structuring
- Model
- Conclusion
- Summary of phasal characteristics
- Chapter 3: Results
- PART ONE: REGISTERIAL CONSTRUCTS
- Introduction
- 1.1 The Registerial Constructs of Field, Tenor and Mode: A Brief Review
- 1.2 The Influence of Registerial Components on Codal Selections
- 1.2.1 Field
- 1.2.2 Functional Tenor
- 1.2.3 Personal Tenor
- 1.2.4 Mode
- PART TWO: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES AMONG THE SPOKEN DISCOURSES AND WRITTEN TEXTS
- Introduction
- 2.1 Macro- and Micro-Level Similarities Among the Discourses
- 2.2 Differences among the Discourses
- 2.3 Metafunctional Differences between the Discourses and Texts
- 2.4 Macro- and Micro-Level Similarities between the Discourses and Texts
- 2.5 Micro-Level Similarities and Differences among the Texts
- 2.6 Morphosyntactic Similarities and Differences in the Spoken Discourses and Written Texts
- 2.6.1 Morphosyntactic Features of Discourses
- 2.6.2 Morphosyntactic Features of Texts
- 2.6.3 A Comparison of Morphosyntactic Features in Discourses and Texts
- 2.7 Summary of Parts One and Two
- Chapter 4: Conclusion
- Introduction
- PART ONE: A REAPPRAISAL OF THE MODEL OF ANALYSIS
- PART TWO: PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS
- Appendix 1: Transitivity System
- Appendix 2: Mood System
- Appendix 3: Chart of E.R. Ewer's Modals
- Appendix 4: Charts of Phasal Characteristics: Discourses and Texts
- Appendix 5: Transcripts of Discourses and Texts
- Engineering Discourse
- Engineering Text
- Sociology Discourse
- Sociology Text
- Economics Discourse
- Economics Text
- Notes
- Appendix 6: Discourse and Text Phases
- DISCOURSE PHASES
- 1. ENGINEERING DISCOURSE
- 2. SOCIOLOGY DISCOURSE
- TEXT PHASES
- 1. ENGINEERING TEXT
- 2. SOCIOLOGY TEXT
- 3. ECONOMICS TEXT
- Appendix 7: Sample Worksheet for Analysis
- References
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