
Harmony Search and Nature Inspired Optimization Algorithms
Description
Alles über E-Books | Antworten auf Fragen rund um E-Books, Kopierschutz und Dateiformate finden Sie in unserem Info- & Hilfebereich.
The book covers different aspects of real-world applications of optimization algorithms. It provides insights from the Fourth International Conference on Harmony Search, Soft Computing and Applications held at BML Munjal University, Gurgaon, India on February 7-9, 2018. It consists of research articles on novel and newly proposed optimization algorithms; the theoretical study of nature-inspired optimization algorithms; numerically established results of nature-inspired optimization algorithms; and real-world applications of optimization algorithms and synthetic benchmarking of optimization algorithms.
More details
Other editions
Additional editions

Persons
Dr. Neha Yadav is a research professor at the Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering at Korea University, South Korea. She received her Ph.D. from Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India, M.Sc. in Mathematical Sciences from Banasthali University, Jaipur and B.Sc. in Mathematics from Dr. R.M.L. Awadh University, Faizabad in 2013, 2009 and 2007, respectively. Her research interests are real-time flood forecasting, mathematical modeling, numerical analysis, soft computing techniques, differential equations, boundary value problems, mathematical modeling, and optimization. Dr. Yadav has published several journal papers and 1 book.
Dr. Anupam Yadav is an assistant professor of Mathematics at the National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand. His research areas are numerical optimization, high-order graph matching, and operations research. He received his Ph.D. from the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India and M.Sc. inMathematics from Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. He has published 1 book, 1 book chapter and several journal and conference papers, and has given a number of invited talks.
Dr. Jagdish Chand Bansal is an assistant professor at the South Asian University, New Delhi, India. He is leading researcher in the field of swarm intelligence and has published several research papers in respected national and international repute journals.
Prof. Kusum Deep is a full-time professor at the Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India. Over the last 25 years, her much-cited research is increasingly has made her a leading international figure in the area of nature-inspired optimization techniques, genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization.
Prof. Joong Hoon Kim is associated with the School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, South Korea. His major areas of interest includeoptimal design and management of water distribution systems, application of optimization techniques to various engineering problems, and development and application of evolutionary algorithms. He has published 216 Journal publications, 262 conference proceedings, and several books/book chapters, including "A New Heuristic Optimization Algorithm: Harmony Search", Simulation, February 2001, Vol. 76, pp 60-68, which has been cited over 2,500 times by other journals in diverse research areas.
Content
- Intro
- Preface
- Organizing Committee
- Chief Patron
- Patrons
- Honorary Chair
- General Chairs
- Conveners & Organizing Chairs
- Local Organizing Committee
- Publicity Chairs
- Advisory Committee
- National Advisory Committee
- Contents
- About the Editors
- Privacy Preserving Data Mining: A Review of the State of the Art
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Privacy Preserving Data Mining (PPDM)
- 1.2 Data Distortion Dependent PPDM
- 1.3 Association Rule Based PPDM
- 1.4 Hide Association Rule Based PPDM
- 1.5 Classification Based PPDM
- 1.6 Clustering Based PPDM
- 1.7 Associative Classification Based PPDM
- 1.8 Privacy Preserving Outsourced Data Mining
- 1.9 Distributed Method Based PPDM
- 1.10 K-Anonymity Based PPDM
- 2 Shortcomings of PPDM Methods
- 3 Conclusion
- References
- An MCDM-Based Approach for Selecting the Best State for Tourism in India
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Methodology
- 3.1 AHP and Fuzzy AHP Approach
- 3.2 TOPSIS Method (Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution)
- 4 Problem Definition
- 5 Calculation
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Gravitational Search Algorithm: A State-of-the-Art Review
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Standard GSA
- 3 Modification of GSA
- 4 Hybrid Versions of GSA
- 5 Advantages and Disadvantages of GSA
- 5.1 Advantages
- 5.2 Disadvantages
- 5.3 Criticism of GSA
- 6 Conclusion and Future Scope
- References
- Investigating the Role of Gate Operation in Real-Time Flood Control of Urban Drainage Systems
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 2.1 Optimal Real-Time Operation (RTOP) Model
- 3 Study Area
- 4 Results and Discussion
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Molecular Dynamics Simulations of a Protein in Water and in Vacuum to Study the Solvent Effect
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 3.1 Atoms Fluctuations
- 3.2 Molecular Dynamics Trajectories Projection on the Principal Axes
- 3.3 Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD)
- 4 Validations
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- An Exploiting Neighboring Relationship and Utilizing an Overhearing Concept for Improvement Routing Protocol in Wireless Mesh Network
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Proposed Work
- 3 Simulation Results and Discussion
- 3.1 Simulation Results and Analysis by Varying Number of Mesh Clients
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- A Comparative Study of Machine Learning Algorithms for Prior Prediction of UFC Fights
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Models Used
- 2.1 Random Forests
- 2.2 Support Vector Machine (SVM)
- 2.3 K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN)
- 2.4 Decision Tree
- 2.5 Naive Bayes
- 2.6 Perceptron
- 2.7 Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD)
- 3 Data Exploration and Feature Manipulation
- 4 Modeling
- 5 Results and Discussion
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Detection of a Real Sinusoid in Noise using Differential Evolution Algorithm
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Proposed Method
- 3 Results
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Inherited Competitive Swarm Optimizer for Large-Scale Optimization Problems
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Large-Scale Optimization Problems
- 3 Motivation and Proposition
- 3.1 Motivation
- 3.2 Proposition
- 4 Experimental Results and Discussions
- 4.1 Experimental Setup
- 4.2 Performance Comparison
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Performance Comparison of Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Using Water Distribution System Design Benchmarks
- 1 Introduction
- 2 WDS Design Benchmark Generation
- 3 Performance Measurement Results
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Comparison of Parameter-Setting-Freeand Self-adaptive Harmony Search
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Parameter-Setting-Free and Self-adaptive HarmonySearch
- 2.1 Harmony Search
- 2.2 Parameter-Setting-Free Harmony Search
- 2.3 Almost-Parameter-Free Harmony Search
- 2.4 Novel Self-adaptive Harmony Search
- 2.5 Self-adaptive Global-Based Harmony Search Algorithm
- 2.6 Parameter Adaptive Harmony Search
- 3 Application Results
- 4 Discussion
- Appendix
- References
- Copycat Harmony Search: Considering Poor Music Player's Followship Toward Good Player
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Copycat Harmony Search
- 3 Application and Results
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Fused Image Separation with Scatter Graphical Method
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Scatter-Geometrical Based Method
- 3 Work Done
- 4 Image Separation with Scatter-Geometrical Method
- 5 Scatter Plot of Mixed Image
- 6 Results and Discussion
- 7 Conclusion
- References
- Ascending and Descending Order of Random Projections: Comparative Analysis of High-Dimensional Data Clustering
- 1 Introduction
- 2 K-means Algorithm
- 3 Random Projection
- 3.1 RP K-means
- 3.2 Iterative Version of RP K-means
- 4 Proposed Variant of IRP-Kmeans
- 5 Experimental Study
- 5.1 Data Sets
- 5.2 Results and Discussion
- 6 Conclusion and Future Directions
- References
- Speed Control of the Sensorless BLDCMotor Drive Through DifferentControllers
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Sensorless Operation of BLDC Motor Drive
- 3 Proposed Sensorless Speed Control Scheme of BLDCMDrive
- 3.1 Speed Control of Sensorless BLDC Motor Drive
- 4 Simulation Results and Discussion
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Urban Drainage System Design Minimizing System Cost Constrained to Failure Depth and Duration Under Flooding Events
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Resilience-Constrained Optimal Design Model
- 3 Study Area
- 4 Application Results
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- Analysis of Energy Storage for Hybrid System Using FLC
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Hybrid PV-Wind System with Battery Storage System
- 3 Control Scheme
- 4 Power Management Strategy
- 4.1 Battery Power Management System
- 5 Simulation Results
- 5.1 PV System
- 5.2 Wind System
- 5.3 Battery System
- 5.4 Battery Power Management
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Impact of Emission Trading on Optimal Bidding of Price Takers in a Competitive Energy Market
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Mathematical Formulation
- 2.1 Market Structure
- 2.2 Cost Model
- 2.3 Bidding Model
- 2.4 Profit Model
- 3 Optimal Bidding by GA
- 3.1 Overview of GA
- 3.2 GA Procedure
- 4 Numerical Results
- 4.1 Without Considering the Carbon Emission Trading
- 4.2 Considering the Carbon Emission Trading
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Impact of NOVEL HVDC Superconducting Circuit Breaker on HVDC Faults
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Resistive SFCL
- 3 SFCL Circuit Configuration and Operational Principle
- 4 DC Current Interruption Methods
- 5 Simulation Analysis and Discussion
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Palmprint Matching based on Normalized Correlation Coefficient and Mean Structural Similarity Index Measure
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries
- 2.1 Normalized Correlation Coefficient (NCC)
- 2.2 Assessment of Image Quality Using MSSIM
- 3 Palmprint Matching Methodology
- 4 Experiments and Results
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- A Comparative Study on Feature Selection Techniques for Multi-cluster Text Data
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Brief Review of Concepts
- 2.1 Text Representation with Tf-Idf
- 2.2 Multi-cluster Feature Selection (MCFS)
- 3 Experimental Setup
- 3.1 Datasets
- 3.2 Evaluation Metric
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Fuzzy Decision Tree with Fuzzy Particle Swarm Optimization Clustering for Locating Users in an Indoor Environment Using Wireless Signal Strength
- 1 Introduction
- 2 User Localization as a Classification Problem
- 3 Proposed Methodology
- 3.1 Fuzzy Particle Swarm Optimization (FPSO)
- 3.2 Fuzzy ID3 Induction Process
- 4 Computational Experimental Results
- 5 Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Optimization Approach for Bounds Involving Generalized Normalized d-Casorati Curvatures
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Geometry of Complex Quadric Qm
- 3 Some General Fundamental Formulas
- 4 Curvature Tensor of mathcalM in Qm Endowed with QSMC
- 5 Inequalities for Generalized Normalized d-Casorati Curvature with QSMC
- References
- Particle Swarm Optimization with Probabilistic Inertia Weight
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background
- 3 Proposed Inertia Weight Law
- 4 Experimental Setup
- 4.1 Benchmark Functions
- 4.2 Algorithms Compared
- 4.3 Evaluation and Comparison Criteria
- 4.4 Results and Discussion
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- An Evolutionary Algorithm Based Hyper-heuristic for the Job-Shop Scheduling Problem with No-Wait Constraint
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Problem Description
- 3 Overview of Hyper-heuristic and EA/G
- 3.1 Hyper-heuristic
- 3.2 Estimation of Distribution Algorithms (EDAs) for Scheduling Problems
- 4 EA/G Based Hyper-heuristic (HH-EA/G)
- 4.1 Solution Encoding
- 4.2 Initial Solution
- 4.3 Higher Level Search Methodology
- 4.4 Lower Level Heuristics
- 5 Computational Results
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- An Evolutionary Algorithm Based Hyper-heuristic for the Set Packing Problem
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Overview of Hyper-heuristic and EA/G
- 2.1 Hyper-heuristic
- 2.2 Evolutionary Algorithm with Guided Mutation (EA/G)
- 3 EA/G-HH for the SPP
- 3.1 Solution Encoding
- 3.2 Initial Solution
- 3.3 Higher Level Search Methodology
- 3.4 Lower Level heuristics
- 4 Computational Results
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- Developing a Decision-Making Model Using Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Number
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries
- 3 Model Establishment
- 4 Illustrative Example
- 5 Results and Discussions
- 5.1 Validation of Proposed Models
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- A Multi-start Iterated Local Search Algorithm with Variable Degree of Perturbation for the Covering Salesman Problem
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Problem Definition
- 3 Multi-start Iterated Local Search Algorithm for the CSP
- 3.1 Proposed Multi-start Iterated Local Search (MS-ILS)
- 4 Computational Results
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- A New Approach to Soft Hyperideals in LA-Semihypergroups
- 1 Introduction and Preliminaries
- 2 Soft Characteristic Function, Soft Intersection (S.I.) Product, and Soft Intersection (S.I.) Hyperideals
- 3 Characterizations of Regular and Intra-regular LA-Semihypergroups
- References
- Adjusted Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for the Minimum Weight Triangulation
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Minimum Weight Triangulation Problem
- 3 General Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
- 4 The Proposed AABC Approach for the MWT
- 5 Experimental Study
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Decision-Making Proposition of Fuzzy Information Measure with Collective Restrictions
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Fuzzy Information Measures
- References
- Exact Algorithm for L(2,1) Labeling of Cartesian Product Between Complete Bipartite Graph and Cycle
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries
- 3 Labeling of Cartesian Product Between Complete Bipartite Graph and Path
- 3.1 Algorithm L21C
- 3.2 Algorithm L21CBG
- 3.3 Algorithm EL21LCC
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- The Forgotten Topological Index of Graphs Based on New Operations Related to the Join of Graphs
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminary
- 3 Main Results
- 3.1 Vertex and Edge S-Join of Graphs
- 3.2 Vertex and Edge R-Join of Graphs
- 3.3 Vertex and Edge Q-Join of Graphs
- 3.4 Vertex and Edge T-Join of Graphs
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Clustering and Auction in Sequence: A Two Fold Mechanism for Participatory Sensing
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Prior Works
- 3 System Model
- 4 STEM: Proposed Mechanism
- 4.1 Outline of STEM
- 4.2 Sketch of the STEM
- 5 Conclusion and Future Works
- References
- High-Order Compact Finite Difference Scheme for Euler-Bernoulli Beam Equation
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Euler-Bernoulli's Beam Equation
- 3 High-Order Compact Finite Difference Scheme for Beam Equation
- 4 Numerical Solution
- 5 Conclusion
- Appendix
- References
- Test Case Optimization and Prioritization Based on Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Test Case Prioritization for Regression Testing
- 2.1 Problem Identification for Test Case Minimization and Prioritization
- 3 Related Work
- 4 Genetic Algorithm (GA)
- 4.1 Average Crossover
- 4.2 Insertion Mutation
- 4.3 Fitness Function
- 5 Proposed Algorithm for Prioritization
- 6 Case Study: Accept Saving Details for an Income Tax Calculator
- 7 Factors Considered for Prioritization
- 7.1 Requirement Priority Factor
- 7.2 Risk Exposure
- 7.3 Total Statement Coverage
- 8 Experimental Setup and Result Analysis
- 9 Conclusion
- References
- PSO-SVM Approach in the Prediction of Scour Depth Around Different Shapes of Bridge Pier in Live Bed Scour Condition
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 2.1 Data Analysis
- 2.2 Development of PSO-SVM Model
- 2.3 Performance Analysis
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Replenishment Policy for Deteriorating Items Under Price Discount
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Assumption and Notation
- 3 Mathematical Model
- 4 Numerical Example and Sensitivity Analysis
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Performance Emission Characterization of a LPG-Diesel Dual Fuel Operation: A Gene Expression Programming Approach
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Motivation of the Present Study
- 2 Experimental Setup and Methodology
- 2.1 Experimental Setup
- 3 Evaluation of GEP as System Identification Tool in Engineering Paradigms
- 4 Evaluation of the Developed GEP Model
- 4.1 Evaluation of Statistical Error Metrics
- 5 Results and Discussion
- 5.1 Performance Parameters
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Comprehensive Survey of OLAP Models
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Basic Knowledge About Data-ware House and OLAP
- 1.2 Advantages of OLAP
- 1.3 Outline
- 2 Definitions and Terms Used in OLAP
- 3 Summarization of Various OLAP Models
- 4 Comparative Scrutiny of Various Models
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Energy Efficiency in Load Balancing of Nodes Using Soft Computing Approach in WBAN
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Motivation
- 3 Proposed Algorithm
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Clustering Technique
- 3.3 Ant's Structure
- 3.4 Pheromone Structure
- 3.5 Route Discovery
- 3.6 Backward Ant's
- 3.7 Load Balancing Along the Route Construction
- 4 Control Flow of Proposed Algorithm
- 5 Performance Evaluation
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- Single Image Defogging Based on Local Extrema and Relativity of Gaussian
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Framework of the Proposed Method
- 3.1 Skylight Estimation and White Balance
- 3.2 Computation of Atmospheric Veil
- 3.3 Image Restoration by Local Extrema
- 3.4 Detail Enhancement Using RoG
- 4 Experimental Results
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Improved Edge-Preserving Decomposition Based on Single Image Dehazing
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Improved Edge-Preserving Decomposition Using an Edge-Aware Weighting-Proposed Method
- 3.1 Haze Modeling
- 3.2 Global Atmospheric Light Estimation
- 3.3 Decomposition of Simplified Dark Channel
- 3.4 Transmission Map Estimation
- 3.5 Scene Radiance Recovery
- 4 Results and Discussion
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Global and Local Neighborhood Based Particle Swarm Optimization
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Standard PSO (PSO 2011) Algorithm
- 3 Global and Local Neighborhood Based PSO Algorithm
- 4 Experiments and Results
- 4.1 Experimental setting
- 4.2 Results Comparison
- 4.3 Results Analysis
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Rough Set Theoretic and Logical Study of Some Approximation Pairs Due to Pomykala
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Structure and Properties of P2 and P3
- 2.1 Structure of P2 and P3
- 2.2 Properties of P2 and P3
- 3 Modal System Corresponding to P2 and P3
- 4 Rough Modus Ponens (RMP) Rules
- 5 Rough Consequence Logics
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- The Benefits of Carrier Collaboration for Capacity Shortage Under Incomplete Advance Demand Information
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Modeling Framework
- 2.1 Key Assumptions and Notations
- 2.2 Mathematical Formulation
- 3 Case Study
- 3.1 Scenario I: Standalone Carriers
- 3.2 Strict Control Model for the Carriers
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Allocation of Bins in Urban Solid Waste Logistics System
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Problem Description
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Image Segmentation Through Fuzzy Clustering: A Survey
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methods for Image Segmentation
- 2.1 Thresholding
- 2.2 Region Growing
- 2.3 Region Splitting
- 2.4 Clustering
- 2.5 Edge Detection
- 2.6 Bayesian Method
- 2.7 Classification
- 3 Comparison
- 4 Image Segmentation Applications
- 5 Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Algorithm
- 6 Related Work
- 7 Gaps in Literature
- 8 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
- References
- Study of Various Technologies in Solar Power Generation
- 1 Renewable Energy
- 2 India's Power Scenario
- 3 Solar Energy Potential in India
- 4 Solar Photovoltaic
- 4.1 Solar Photovoltaic Technology Architecture
- 5 Solar Thermal
- 6 Solar Hybrid
- 7 Principal Limitation
- 8 Conclusion
- References
- Reduction of Test Data Volume Using DTESFF-Based Partial Enhanced Scan Method
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Review of DTESFF Design
- 3 Selection Procedure of Scan Flip-Flop for Partial Enhanced Scan
- 4 Proposed Method
- 5 Experimental Results
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Performance Analysis and Optimization of Vapour Absorption Refrigeration System Using Different Working Fluid Pairs
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 2.1 Analysis of Fluid Pairs with NH3 as Refrigerant, i.e. NH3-H2O, NH3-LiNO3 and NH3-NaSCN
- 2.2 Analysis of LiBr-H2O Fluid Pair
- 3 Results
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows Using Meta-Heuristic Algorithms: A Survey
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background
- 2.1 VRPTW
- 2.2 VRPB
- 2.3 VRPPD
- 2.4 OVRP
- 2.5 DVRP
- 2.6 MDVRP
- 2.7 Other Related Work
- 3 Vehicle Routing Problem and Meta-Heuristics
- 3.1 Exact Algorithms
- 3.2 Approximate Algorithms
- 4 Research Gaps
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Design and Aerodynamic Enhancement of Wing for BMW 5 Series Model
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Aerodynamics
- 1.2 Aerofoil
- 2 Literature Review
- 2.1 Forces and Moment on Vehicle
- 2.2 BMW 5 Series
- 2.3 Description of Selected Wing Profiles
- 3 Calculations
- 3.1 Calculating Lift and Drag Without the Aerofoil Mounted
- 3.2 Selection of Aerofoil Profile
- 3.3 Drag and Lift Forces Acting on the Aerofoil
- 3.4 Comparing NACA 2412 and NACA 3406
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Semi-distributed Modelling of Stormwater Drains Using Integrated Hydrodynamic EPA-SWM Model
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Materials and Methods
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 3.1 Result of Land-Use Change Analysis
- 3.2 Results of SWMM Simulation
- 3.3 Flood Risk and Flood Vulnerable Areas
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- A MCDM-Based Approach for Selection of a Sedan Car from Indian Car Market
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Proposed Methodology
- 2.1 Fuzzy AHP Method
- 2.2 TOPSIS Method
- 3 Case Study
- 3.1 Criteria Definition
- 3.2 Criteria Along with Their Sub-criteria
- 4 Calculation
- 4.1 Main Criteria Matrix
- 4.2 Sub-criteria Matrix
- 4.3 Car Ranking
- 5 Result and Conclusion
- References
- Design and Simulation of Photovoltaic Cell Using Simscape MATLAB
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Circuit Design and Analysis
- 3 Simulation of PV Cell
- 4 Mathematical Analysis of Solar Cell
- 4.1 Flow Chat
- 4.2 Programme Code
- 4.3 Calculated Parameters of Solar Cell
- 5 Results
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- A Regulated Computer Cooling Method: An Eco-Friendly Approach
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Proposed Work
- 4 Analytical Study
- 5 Experimental Result
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Robust Control Techniques for Master-Slave Surgical Robot Manipulator
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Dynamics of Surgical Robot
- 3 Controllers for Surgical Robot
- 3.1 PID Control
- 3.2 Sliding Mode Control
- 3.3 Smoothing Sliding Mode Control
- 4 Results and Discussion
- 4.1 Typical Condition During Surgery
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- OLAP Approach to Visualizations and Digital ATLAS for NRIs Directory Database
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Categories of Dashboards
- 2 KPIs Identified for Measuring Progressions
- 2.1 OLAP for Analytical Dashboards
- 3 Dashboard Design for NRI Directory Database
- 4 Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Problems Associated with Hydraulic Turbines
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Problems Associated with Hydraulic Machinery
- 3.1 Cavitation
- 3.2 Silt Erosion
- 3.3 Fatigue
- 3.4 Material Defect
- 4 Result and Discussion
- 4.1 Working of Our Inspection Model
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- A Sine-Cosine Optimizer-Based Gamma Corrected Adaptive Fractional Differential Masking for Satellite Image Enhancement
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Proposed Methodology
- 3 Experimentation: Performance Evaluation and Comparison
- 3.1 Assessment Criterion
- 3.2 Qualitative Assessments
- 3.3 Quantitative Assessments
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Electrical Conductivity Sensing for Precision Agriculture: A Review
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Electrical Conductivity
- 1.2 Working Principle of ECa Measurement
- 2 Techniques Used for the Measurement of ECa
- 2.1 Electrical Resistivity
- 2.2 Electromagnetic Induction
- 3 Application of ECa Measurement
- 3.1 Soil Salinity
- 3.2 Bulk Density
- 3.3 Soil Water Content
- 3.4 Soil Texture
- 3.5 Soil Organic Matter
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Spam Detection Using Ensemble Learning
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Spam SMS
- 1.2 Spam Email
- 2 Background Study
- 3 Ensemble Learning
- 3.1 What is Ensemble Learning
- 3.2 Voting Classifier
- 3.3 Modified Voting Classifier
- 4 Results and Discussions
- 4.1 Datasets
- 4.2 Box Plot Analysis
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- A Coupled Approach for Solving a Class of Singular Initial Value Problems of Lane-Emden Type Arising in Astrophysics
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Proposed Approach
- 2.1 Conversion into Integral Equation
- 2.2 Polynomial Least Square Method to Solve Integral Equation
- 3 Numerical Examples
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Identification of Hindi Plain Text Using Artificial Neural Network
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Identification of Hindi Plain Text
- 3 Feature Selection for Hindi Data
- 4 Identification Techniques
- 4.1 Statistical Techniques
- 4.2 Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Based Techniques
- 4.3 Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFANN)
- 5 Experimental Results and Analysis
- 6 Conclusion and Future Scope
- References
- A Variable Dimension Optimization Approach for Text Summarization
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Problem Formulation
- 3 Framework for Proposed Summarization Method
- 3.1 Preprocessing
- 3.2 Variable Dimension Approach
- 3.3 Sentence Score
- 3.4 Summary Generation
- 4 Experimental Setup
- 5 Results and Discussions
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Minimizing Unbalance of Flexible Manufacturing System by Genetic Algorithm
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Problem Description
- 2.1 Mathematical Formulation
- 3 Proposed Methodology
- 3.1 Genetic Algorithm
- 4 Results
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- "Big" Data Management in Cloud Computing Environment
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Big Data
- 2.1 Characteristics of Big Data
- 2.2 Big Data Versus Traditional Data
- 3 Cloud Computing
- 3.1 Essential Characteristics of Cloud Computing
- 3.2 Service Models
- 4 Relationship Between Big Data and Cloud Computing and Its Handling
- 4.1 CAP Theorem
- 4.2 NoSQL
- 5 Open Issues
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Automatic Optimization of Test Path Using Firefly Algorithm
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 UML Activity Diagram
- 1.2 XMI
- 1.3 Firefly Algorithm
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Proposed Methodology
- 3.1 Test Path Optimization Tool
- 4 Case Study
- 4.1 Samsung Pay Application
- 4.2 ATM Money Withdrawal System
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Image Denoising Techniques: A Brief Survey
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Classification of Denoising Algorithms
- 2.1 Image Denoising Method Using Wavelet Transform
- 2.2 Image Denoising Method Based on DCT Basis and Sparse Representation
- 2.3 Based on Pixel-Component-Analysis
- 2.4 Image Denoising Using the Gauss-Hermite Expansion
- 2.5 Fractal-Wavelet Image Denoising
- 2.6 Image Denoising Algorithm Based on PSO Optimizing Structuring Element
- 2.7 Image Denoising Based on Haar Wavelet Transform
- 2.8 Image Denoising Based on Discrete Wavelet Transform
- 2.9 Combined Ripplet and Total Variation Image Denoising Methods Using Twin Support Vector Machines
- 2.10 An Image Denoising Method Based on Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform with SQP Optimization
- 2.11 Image Denoising Based on Weighted Regularized Least Square Method
- 3 Comparative Analysis
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Applying PSO Based Technique for Analysis of Geffe Generator Cryptosystem
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Swarm Intelligence
- 4 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Based Techniques
- 4.1 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
- 4.2 Binary PSO Based Technique to Analyze Geffe Crypts
- 5 Details of Cryptosystems
- 5.1 LFSR Based Cryptosystem
- 5.2 Geffe Generator
- 6 Analysis of Simulation Results
- 7 Conclusion
- References
- An Agent-Based Simulation Modeling Approach for Dynamic Job-Shop Manufacturing System
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Dynamic Job-Shop Manufacturing System (DJMS)
- 4 Agent-Based Simulation Modeling for DJMS
- 5 Simulation Results and Analysis
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Risk Analysis of Water Treatment Plant Using Fuzzy-Integrated Approach
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Research Methodology
- 4 Case Description and Findings
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Analysis
- 5 Result and Conclusion
- References
- Keyframes and Shot Boundaries: The Attributes of Scene Segmentation and Classification
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Video Frames and Shot Boundary
- 1.2 Keyframe
- 1.3 Motivation and Applications
- 2 Related Work
- 2.1 Rule-Based Video Scene Segmentation
- 2.2 Graph-Based Video Scene Segmentation
- 3 Proposed Work
- 3.1 Shot Boundary Computation
- 4 Experiments and Result Analysis
- 4.1 Classification Statistics
- 5 Conclusion and Future Directions
- References
- Toward Human-Powered Lower Limb Exoskeletons: A Review
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Exoskeletons and Their Powering Methods
- 2.1 Portable Exoskeletons
- 2.2 Non-portable Exoskeletons
- 3 Human-Powered Products
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- An Efficient Bi-Level Discrete PSO Variant for Multiple Sequence Alignment
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Concepts and Problem Formulation
- 2.1 MSA Score and Penalty Schemes
- 2.2 Fitness Function
- 3 Bi-Level Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization
- 4 Experimental Setup
- 4.1 Benchmark Data Set
- 4.2 Experimental Settings
- 5 Simulation Results
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- System Identification of an Inverted Pendulum Using Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Mathematical Modeling of Cart-Inverted Pendulum
- 3 Basic Theory of ANFIS
- 4 Nonlinear System Identification Using ANFIS
- 4.1 Formulation of Input/Output Dataset
- 4.2 Defining ANFIS Parameters
- 4.3 ANFIS Training
- 4.4 ANFIS Model Creation and Comparison with Mathematical Model
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- Dynamic Modeling of Flexible Robotic Manipulators
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Finite Element Method
- 2.1 Elemental Equations of Motion
- 2.2 Assembling Process
- 3 Dynamic Modeling
- 3.1 Kinetic Energy
- 3.2 Potential Energy
- 3.3 Dynamic Model of a Two-Link Flexible Manipulator
- 3.4 Validation of the Dynamic Model in Frequency Domain
- 3.5 Validation of the Dynamic Model in Time Domain
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Academic Performance Prediction Using Data Mining Techniques: Identification of Influential Factors Effecting the Academic Performance in Undergrad Professional Course
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Data
- 5 Factor Analysis Using Regression
- 5.1 Demographic Variables
- 5.2 Academic Variables
- 5.3 Behavioural Variables
- 5.4 Social Variables
- 6 Decision Trees
- 7 Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- An Area IF-Defuzzification Technique and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Reliability Assessment of Nuclear Basic Events of Fault Tree Analysis
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set Theory
- 2.1 Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set
- 2.2 Convex and Normal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set
- 2.3 Intuitionistic Fuzzy Number
- 3 Proposed Area IF-Defuzzification Technique of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Number
- 3.1 Essential Intuitionistic Fuzzy Rules for Verification of AIDT
- 4 Reliability Assessment of Nuclear Basic Events of Fault Tree Analysis Using AIDT Through Qualitative Data Processing
- 4.1 Results Analysis
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Spotted Hyena Optimizer for Solving Complex and Non-linear Constrained Engineering Problems
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Spotted Hyena Optimizer (SHO)
- 2.1 Encircling Prey
- 2.2 Hunting
- 2.3 Attacking Prey (Exploitation)
- 2.4 Search for Prey (Exploration)
- 3 Complex Bridge System Problem
- 4 Overspeed Protection System of Gas Turbine
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Reconfiguration of PTZ Camera Network with Minimum Resolution
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Problem Formulation and Solution
- 3.1 Coverage Maximization with Best Resolution
- 4 Experimental Results
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Performance Evaluation of Optimization Techniques with Vector Quantization Used for Image Compression
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Approaches for Vector Quantization
- 2.1 Linde-Buzo Gray Algorithm (LBG)
- 2.2 Particle Swarm Optimization-Linde Buzo Gray Algorithm (PSO-LBG)
- 2.3 Honey Bee Mating-Linde Buzo Gray Algorithm (HBMO-LBG)
- 2.4 Bat Algorithm-Linde Buzo Gray (BAT-LBG)
- 2.5 Firefly-Linde Buzo Gray Algorithm (FF-LBG)
- 2.6 Kekre's Fast Codebook Generation Algorithm (KFCG)
- 2.7 Cuckoo Search Linde Buzo Gray Algorithm (CS-LBG)
- 3 Simulation Results
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Single Multiplicative Neuron Model in Reinforcement Learning
- 1 Introduction
- 2 An Overview of Multiplicative Single Neuron Model
- 3 Methodology for Developing a Single Multiplicative Neuron Model
- 4 Results and Discussion
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Analysis of Educational Data Mining
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Clustering Algorithms
- 2 Educational Data Mining by Means of Clustering
- 3 Integrated Summary
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- A Review on Search-Based Tools and Techniques to Identify Bad Code Smells in Object-Oriented Systems
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Comparative Overview of Code Smells Detection Approaches
- 4 Results and Discussion
- 5 Critical Analysis and Observations
- 6 Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Feature Selection Using Metaheuristic Algorithms on Medical Datasets
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Benefits
- 2 Background Study
- 2.1 Summary of Relevant Research Papers
- 3 Proposed Methodology
- 3.1 Preprocessing of Data Using Fuz-SOM-DE
- 3.2 Feature Selection Using Metaheuristics
- 3.3 Classification Using K-NN and SVM
- 3.4 Datasets Used
- 4 Proposed Methodology
- 4.1 Evaluation of Number of Clusters and Preprocessing of Data
- 4.2 Feature Selection Using Metaheuristics
- 4.3 Classification Using K-NN and SVM
- 5 Results
- 5.1 Results for Evaluation of Number of Clusters and Preprocessing of Data
- 5.2 Feature Selection and Classification Results
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Improved Mutation-Based Particle Swarm Optimization for Load Balancing in Cloud Data Centers
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Proposed Technique
- 3.1 Particle Swarm Optimization
- 3.2 Applying Mutation for Optimized Result
- 3.3 Stopping Method
- 4 Comparative Analysis
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Computational Intelligence Tools for Protein Modeling
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Comparative Analysis of Modeling Methods
- 3 Conclusion
- References
- Performance Analysis of Space Time Trellis Codes in Rayleigh Fading Channel
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Channel Models
- 2.1 AWGN Channel Model
- 2.2 Rayleigh Fading Channel Model
- 3 MIMO System
- 4 Bit Errors
- 5 Channel Coding
- 6 Space Time Coding
- 7 Space Time Trellis Codes
- 8 Simulation Results
- 8.1 Error Performance
- 9 Conclusion
- References
- Neural Network Based Analysis of Lightweight Block Cipher PRESENT
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Artificial Neural Network
- 3 Lightweight Cipher PRESENT
- 3.1 The Encryption Process
- 4 Representation of Ciphertext or Intermediate Round Data
- 5 Experiment and Results
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- User Profile Matching and Identification Using TLBO and Clustering Approach Over Social Networks
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background and Related Work
- 3 Proposed Work
- 4 Experiments and Result Analysis
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Hybrid Metaheuristic Based Scheduling with Job Duplication for Cloud Data Centers
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Proposed Methodology
- 2.1 Task Duplication Based GA Mechanism
- 2.2 Applying Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
- 2.3 Applying VNS for Optimized Result
- 3 Experimental Details
- 4 Performance Analysis
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Total Fuzzy Agility Evaluation Using Fuzzy Methodology: A Case Study
- 1 Introduction and Literature View
- 2 Research Methodology
- 3 Case Descriptions and Findings
- 3.1 Analysis of Work
- 4 Result and Conclusion
- 4.1 Limitations
- 4.2 Future Scope
- References
- Black-Hole Gbest Differential Evolution Algorithm for Solving Robot Path Planning Problem
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Overview of DE Algorithm
- 2.1 Mutation
- 2.2 Crossover
- 2.3 Selection
- 3 Black-Hole Gbest DE Algorithm
- 4 Experimental Results and Discussions
- 5 Solving Path Planning Problem for Robots (PPPR) Using BHGDE
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Fibonacci Series-Inspired Local Search in Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Fibonacci-Inspired Local Search Strategy and Its Incorporation to ABC
- 3 Performance Evaluation of FABC Algorithm
- 3.1 Benchmark Problems
- 3.2 Parameter Setting
- 3.3 Results Comparison
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Analysis of Lightweight Block Cipher FeW on the Basis of Neural Network
- 1 Introduction
- 2 FeW: A Lightweight Cipher
- 2.1 The Encryption Process
- 2.2 Key Scheduling for 80 Bits
- 3 Representation of Ciphertext or Intermediate Round Data
- 4 Artificial Neural Network
- 5 Methodology and Results
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Analysis of RC4 Crypts Using PSO Based Swarm Technique
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Particle Swarm Optimization-Based Techniques
- 3.1 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
- 3.2 Discrete PSO-Based Technique to Analyze RC4 Crypts
- 4 Details of RC4 Cryptosystem
- 4.1 The Key-Scheduling Algorithm
- 4.2 The Pseudo-Random Generation Algorithm
- 5 Discussion of Experimental Results
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Pipe Size Design Optimization of Water Distribution Networks Using Water Cycle Algorithm
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Mathematical Model Formulation
- 3 WCA (Water Cycle Algorithm)
- 4 WCANET
- 5 Results and Discussion
- 5.1 Hanoi Water Distribution Network
- 5.2 Two-Loop Network
- 5.3 Hanoi Water Distribution Network
- 5.4 Two Loop Network
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- An Improved Authentication and Data Security Approach Over Cloud Environment
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Naïve Approaches
- 1.2 Our Contribution
- 2 Related Work
- 2.1 Two-Factor Security Using Two Secret Keys
- 2.2 Two-Factor Security with Online Authority
- 2.3 Two-Factor Security with Security Device
- 2.4 Two-Factor Security with Security Device with Revocation
- 3 Problem Formulation
- 4 Proposed Work
- 5 Experimental Setup and Result Analysis
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Second Derivative-Free Two-Step Extrapolated Newton's Method
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Second Derivative-Free Two-Step Extrapolated Newton's Method (STENM)
- 3 Convergence Criteria
- 4 Numerical Examples
- References
- Review of Deep Learning Techniques for Gender Classification in Images
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Methodology
- 3.1 CNN-Based Feature Extraction Method for Gender Recognition
- 4 Experimental Analysis
- 4.1 Evaluation Parameters Used for Measuring the Performance
- 4.2 Results and Discussions
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- A Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization Algorithm for the Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Problem Description
- 3 TLBO Implementation for the RCPSP
- 3.1 Encoding and Decoding
- 3.2 Teacher Phase
- 3.3 Student Phase
- 3.4 Self-study and Elitism
- 4 Computational Results
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- A Tabu Search Algorithm for Simultaneous Selection and Scheduling of Projects
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Problem Statement
- 3 Tabu Search Algorithm for PPSSP
- 3.1 Encoding Scheme (Representation of Solution)
- 3.2 Initial Solution
- 3.3 Neighborhood Solution
- 3.4 Tabu List
- 3.5 Aspiration Criteria
- 3.6 Termination Criteria
- 4 Computational Experiences
- 4.1 Test Problems
- 4.2 Parameter Settings
- 4.3 Comparison Method
- 5 Results and Discussions
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- A Survey: Image Segmentation Techniques
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Image Processing
- 1.2 Image Analysis
- 1.3 Image Understanding
- 1.4 Image Segmentation
- 2 Different Image Segmentation Techniques
- 2.1 Edge Detection
- 2.2 Thresholding Methods
- 2.3 Region Segmentation
- 2.4 Clustering Method
- 3 Experiment and Results
- 3.1 Edge Detection Method
- 3.2 Soft Computing Techniques
- 3.3 Split and Merge
- 3.4 Thresholding
- 4 Comparison of Various Segmentation Methodologies
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Analysis and Simulation of the Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor System Using Genetic Algorithm
- 1 Introduction
- 2 System Model
- 3 Control of CSTR
- 3.1 PID Controller
- 4 Proposed Strategies
- 4.1 Genetic Algorithm
- 5 Objective Function
- 6 Result Analysis
- 6.1 CSTR Performances with Different Controllers Shown in Figures and Tables
- 7 Conclusion
- Appendix
- References
- Fuzzy Logic Controlled Variable Frequency Drives
- 1 Introduction
- 2 System Model
- 2.1 Basic Block Diagram of Electrical Drives
- 2.2 Detailed Block Diagram of the Proposed Model
- 3 Fuzzy Logic Technique
- 4 Results and Discussion
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Butterfly-Fat-Tree Topology-Based Fault-Tolerant Network-on-Chip Design Using Particle Swarm Optimization
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 An Overview of Butterfly-Fat-Tree Topology
- 4 Problem Formulation
- 5 Particle Swarm Optimization
- 6 PSO Formulation for Spare Core Placement
- 6.1 Particle Structure and Fitness Function
- 6.2 Local and Global Bests
- 6.3 Evolution of Generation
- 7 Experimental Results
- 7.1 Communication Cost Using our Approach in BFT Network Without any Faults
- 7.2 Communication Cost by Varying the BFT Network Size with Fixed Fault Percentage
- 7.3 Communication Cost by Varying the Fault Percentage in BFT Network
- 8 Conclusion
- References
- Big Data Classification Using Scale-Free Binary Particle Swarm Optimization
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Proposed Approach
- 3.1 Classical PSO
- 3.2 Binary PSO
- 3.3 Scale-Free PSO
- 4 Experiment and Results
- 5 Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Face Recognition: Novel Comparison of Various Feature Extraction Techniques
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Face Recognition System Structure
- 3.1 Face Detection
- 3.2 Feature Extraction Techniques
- 4 Recent Approaches
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Performance Analysis of Hidden Terminal Problem in VANET for Safe Transportation System
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Hidden Terminal Problem in VANET
- 3 Road Traffic Scenario in VANET
- 4 Simulation and Analysis of Hidden Terminal Problem
- 4.1 Results and Discussion
- 4.2 Throughput Analysis
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Effect of Various Distance Classifiers on the Performance of Bat and CS-Based Face Recognition System
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Proposed Work
- 3.1 Face Recognition (FR) System
- 3.2 Distance Classifiers
- 4 Experimental Results and Discussions
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- An Improved TLBO Leveraging Group and Experience Learning Concepts for Global Functions
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO) Algorithm
- 2.1 Teacher Phase
- 2.2 Learner Phase
- 3 TLBO Using Grouping and Learning from Others Algorithm
- 3.1 Inspiration
- 3.2 Teacher Phase of GTLBOLE
- 3.3 Learner phase of GTLBOLE
- 3.4 Grouping Strategy
- 4 Simulation Results and Discussion
- 4.1 Experimental Results and Comparisons
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- Author Index
System requirements
File format: PDF
Copy protection: Watermark-DRM (Digital Rights Management)
System requirements:
- Computer (Windows; MacOS X; Linux): Use the free software Adobe Reader, Adobe Digital Editions, or any other PDF viewer of your choice (see eBook Help).
- Tablet/Smartphone (Android; iOS): Install the free app Adobe Digital Editions or another reading app for eBooks, e.g., PocketBook (see eBook Help).
- E-reader: Bookeen, Kobo, Pocketbook, Sony, Tolino and many more (only limited: Kindle).
The file format PDF always displays a book page identically on any hardware. This makes PDF suitable for complex layouts such as those used in textbooks and reference books (images, tables, columns, footnotes). Unfortunately, on the small screens of e-readers or smartphones, PDFs are rather annoying, requiring too much scrolling.
This eBook uses Watermark-DRM, a „soft” copy protection. This means that there are no technical restrictions to prevent illegal distribution. However, there is a personalised watermark embedded in the eBook that can be used to identify the purchaser of the eBook in the event of misuse and to provide evidence for legal purposes.
For more information, see our eBook Help page.