Proceedings of PURPLE MOUNTAIN FORUM 2019-International Forum on Smart Grid Protection and Control

Name: Proceedings of PURPLE MOUNTAIN FORUM 2019-International Forum on Smart Grid Protection and Control | Volume I
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Volume I

Yusheng Xue Yuping Zheng Saifur Rahman(Editor)

Springer (Publisher)

Published on 8. August 2019

XV, 1054 pages

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978-981-13-9779-0 (ISBN)

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Content

Intro
Preface
Contents
Analysis, Operation, Protection and Control of AC/DC Hybrid Power Systems
1 A Novel Loss of Excitation Protection Principle for Synchronous Condenser Based on Leading Rate
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The Difference of Loss of Excitation Between Synchronous Condenser and Generator
3 Existing Loss of Excitation Protection Scheme and Problems
3.1 Existing Loss of Excitation Protection Scheme
3.2 Problem Analysis
4 Novel Principle of Loss of Excitation Protection Based on Leading Rate
4.1 Selection of Characteristic Plane
4.2 Characteristic Curve
4.3 Leading Rate Detector
4.4 Overall Criterion
5 Simulation
5.1 Existing Protection Scheme
5.2 Novel Principle of Protection
6 Conclusion
References
2 Research on the Screening of Multiple Contingency and Its Failure Probability Assessment Technology in Natural Disasters
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Generation of Multiple Contingencies and Its Probability Assessment
2.1 A Method for Generating Multiple Contingencies with Simultaneity and Correlation
2.2 Failure Probability Evaluation Method for Multiple Contingencies
3 Narrow Transmission Channel Identification and Its Failure Probability Correction
3.1 Narrow Transmission Channel Identification
3.2 Failure Probability Assessment of Narrow Transmission Channels
4 Screening Method of Multiple Failure Contingencies
4.1 Overview of the Method
4.2 Calculation of Severity Prediction Coefficient
5 Case Study
6 Conclusion and Outlook
Acknowledgements
References
3 Application of Big Data Technology in Protection Channel Interruption Analysis and Breaker Defect Identification
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Analysis of Data Source
2.1 Data Source Related to Protection
2.2 Characteristic of Protection Data Source
3 Protection Channel Interruption Analysis
3.1 Importance of Protection Channel
3.2 Channel Interruption Analysis
4 Breaker Characteristic Analysis
4.1 Necessity
4.2 Characteristic of Are Extinguishing
4.3 Analysis of Auxiliary Secondary Circuit
5 Conclusion
References
4 Discussion of Power System Operation Risk Control Technology in Natural Disasters
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Status Quo of Power Grid Operation Risk Control in Natural Disasters
2.1 Probability Assessment of Transmission Components Failure Under Natural Disasters
2.2 Contingency Generation and Screening in Natural Disasters
2.3 Risk Assessment of Power Grid Operation in Natural Disasters
2.4 Risk Control of Power Grid Operation in Natural Disasters
3 General Idea of Power Grid Operation Risk Control in Natural Disasters
3.1 Extension of the Three-Defense-Lines for Risk Control Adapting to Natural Disasters
3.2 Risk Assessment and Control Process of Power Grid Operation in Natural Disasters
4 The Development Direction of Key Technologies for Power Grid Operation Risk Control in Natural Disasters
4.1 Improvement Direction of Probability Assessment Model
4.2 Improvement Direction of Contingency Generation and Screening Method
4.3 Improvement Direction of Risk Assessment
4.4 Improvement Direction of Optimization Method of Risk Control Decision Making
5 Conclusion and Outlook
Acknowledgements
References
5 Research on Energy Protection of DC Distribution Line
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Fault Analysis of DC Distribution Line
3 DC Distribution Line Protection
3.1 Discrimination of Fault Section
3.2 Setting Action Threshold
4 Protection Principle and Scheme
4.1 Protection Start up Criterion
4.2 Fault Type and Fault Pole Discrimination
4.3 Protection Scheme Block Diagram
5 Simulation Test of DC Distribution Line Protection
5.1 Single-Pole-Ground Fault
5.2 Pole to Pole Fault
5.3 Test Under Various Fault Conditions
6 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
6 Synchronous Condenser Site Selecting Method for Reducing the Trip-off Risk of New Energy Generators
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The Operation Principle of Synchronous Condenser
3 New Energy Trip-off-Risk Assessment
3.1 Fault and Operation Mode Probability
3.2 Risk of New Energy Unit Trip-off Under Fault
3.3 The Economic Cost of New Energy Units Trip-off Grid Without Synchronous Condenser
3.4 Cost Indicator of New Energy Units Trip-off
4 Quantitative Evaluation of the Trip-off Risk Reducing with Synchronous Condenser Configuration
4.1 The Economic Cost of New Energy Units Trip-off Grid After Synchronous Condenser Application
4.2 The Quantitative Evaluation Index of Reducing the New Energy Trip-off Risk When the Synchronous Condenser Applied
5 The Optimal Position Selection of Synchronous Condenser
6 The Determining Process of Synchronous Condenser Site Selection Method
7 Verification Based on an Actual Power System
8 Conclusion and Outlook
Acknowledgements
References
7 A Rapid Power Flow Analysis Method After UHVDC Fault Considering the Control Strategy of Automatic Equipment
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Calculation Method of Three Stages Active Power
2.1 The Moment After Failure
2.2 The Moment from Transient to Steady State
2.3 The Moment After Secondary Frequency Regulation
3 Calculation Method of Reactive Voltage
4 Power Flow Calculation Process After Fault
5 Verification of Examples
6 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
8 Research on Equivalent Power Model of UHVDC Converter Station Under Large Disturbances
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Power Characteristic Analysis
2.1 Commutation Failure
2.1.1 Characteristic Analysis of Based on Measured Data
2.1.2 Analysis of Simulation Data Based on PSCAD
2.2 DC Blocking
2.2.1 Characteristic Analysis of Based on Measured Data
2.2.2 Analysis of Simulation Data Based on PSCAD
3 Equivalent Power Model of UHVDC Converter Station
4 Simulation Analysis
4.1 Comparison of Results in Commutation Failure
4.2 Comparison of Results in DC Blocking
5 Conclusion
References
9 Research on Protection Strategy and Scheme of DC Distribution and Consumption System
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Architecture and Parameters of DC Distribution and Consumption System
3 Protection Configuration Strategy
3.1 Protection Zones Partition
3.2 Protection Configuration
4 DC Protection and Fault Location
4.1 DC Pole-to-Pole Short Circuit Fault
4.2 DC Single-Pole Grounding Fault
4.3 Broken Line Fault
5 Simulation Verification
5.1 DC Line Pole-to-Pole Short Circuit
5.2 DC Line Single-Pole Grounding Short Circuit
5.3 DC Broken Line Protection
6 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
10 Over Excitation Limiter Oscillation Analysis and Damping Measures for ALSTOM Excitation System of Nuclear Power Unit
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Mathematical Model of ALSTOM P320 V2 Excitation System
2.1 Model of Voltage Control Main Loop
2.2 Control Logic of Over Excitation Limitation Auxiliary Loop
3 Oscillation Phenomenon Occurred When Thermal Limitation Activated
4 OEL Oscillation Reproduced in Time-Domain Simulation
5 Closed-Loop Zero-Pole Analysis of Over Excitation Limitation Control Loop
6 Root Locus Analysis of Over Excitation Limitation Control Loop
7 Solutions and Subsequent Suggestions
8 Conclusions
References
11 An Architecture Design of Distributed Intelligent Power System Stability Control System
Abstract
1 Preface
2 New Requirements for Stability Control Systems
3 System Architecture
3.1 Overall Architecture Design of Distributed Intelligent Stability Control System
3.2 Functional Framework of Distributed Intelligent Stability Control System
4 Key Technologies of System Architecture
4.1 Node Interconnection and Logical Layering
4.2 Flexible Expansion and Information Interaction
4.3 Flat Network Topology
4.4 High-Speed Information Processing Capability and Anti-interference Ability
4.5 Plug and Play for Terminal Access
4.6 Cooperation Between Nodes
5 Conclusion
References
12 Key Parameters Analysis of Sub-synchronous Oscillation Caused by Interaction Between Full-Converter Wind Turbines and AC Systems
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Mathematical Model of Direct-Driven Wind Generator
3 The Effect of Phase-Locked Loop on Dynamic Impedance Model
3.1 Effect of PLL on the Dynamic Impedance
3.2 Dynamic Impedance
4 Stability Analysis and Simulation Verification
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
13 Research on the Station AC Bus Fault-Crossing in Hybrid Half-Wavelength System
Abstract
1 Analysis of Characteristics of AC Bus Fault in Converter Station
1.1 AC Bus Fault Mechanism
1.2 Analysis of Transient Characteristics of AC Bus Faults
2 DC Bus Fault Current Limitation Scheme
2.1 DC Current Limiting Module
2.2 Current Limiting Mechanism
2.3 Fault-Crossing Capability Verification
3 Conclusion
References
14 An Analytical Method of Determining Transient Stability Margin Considering Unbalanced Fault Factors
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The Model of Unbalanced Fault
2.1 Unbalanced Fault Additional Impedance
2.2 The Equivalent Method
3 Transient Stability Margin
3.1 Analytical Expression of Transient Stability Margin
3.2 Piecewise Model of Generator Angle
4 Results and Analysis
5 Conclusion
References
15 The Adaptability Assessment and Online Decision-Making for Strategy of Stability Control Systems Involving Multiple Types of Security and Stability Issues
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Grid Operating State Identification and On-Duty Strategy Identification Based on Stable Control Measured Data
2.1 Check and Correction of Stability Control Data
2.2 PMU Data Check and Correction
2.3 SCADA Data Inspection and Correction
2.4 Automatic Identification of On-Duty Strategy
3 Structured Modeling and Implementation Assessment of Security Control Strategy
3.1 Structured Modeling of Security Control Strategy
3.2 Adaptability Assessment
4 Preventive Control Online Decision Involving New Energy Characteristics
5 Engineering Applications
6 Conclusion
References
16 A Simple Equivalent Method of HVDC System and Study on Resonance Characteristics of the System
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 The Equivalent Model of the Bridge Converter
1.2 Analysis of the Operating Conditions of the Converter
2 Application of Equivalent Model
2.1 The Analysis of the Frequency Impedance Characteristics
2.2 Transient Simulation
3 Conclusion
References
17 Optimization of Transient Voltage Preventive Control of Receiving-End Power Grid Considering Start-up Unit Measures
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Optimization Model
2.1 Objective Function
2.2 Constraints
3 Control Performance Index
3.1 Conventional Reactive Power Measure
3.2 Start-up Unit Measure
4 Solve Processes
5 Example Analysis
6 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
18 Research on Control System-Level Hardware-in-the-Loop Experimental Verification Platform Based on Componentized Reconfiguration
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Adaptability of Traditional Construction Technology
2.1 Large Platform Construction Workload, Complicated Devices Wiring, Long Time Consuming
2.2 Auxiliary Simulation Equipments Investment
2.3 Highly Customization and Low Resource Reuse Rate
2.4 Difficulty in Experimental Environment Maintaining and Rebuilding
3 Componentized Reconfiguration of Security and Stability Control Devices
4 Actual System Protection Hardware-in-the-Loop Platform Construction
4.1 Functional Units Reconfiguration of Hardware-in-the-Loop Experimental System
4.2 Experimental System Communication Network Construction
4.3 Simplified IO Signals Transmission Mode of the Experimental System
4.4 Performance Comparation with Tranditional Method
5 Summary
References
19 Analysis and Simulation of Transient Response of MAF-PLL with PLC
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Overview of MAF-PLL
3 Phase-Lead Compensator
4 MAF-PLL Cascaded with PLC
5 Accuracy Assessment of Small-Signal Model
6 Simulation and Numerical Results
7 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
20 HVDC Commutation Failures Detection for Security and Stability Control Based on Local Electrical Quantities
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Commutation Failure Protection Criterion in Engineering Applications
2.1 Commutation Failure Criterion of Stability Control Device Based on DC Control and Protection Signal
2.2 Commutation Failure Protection Principle of DC Control and Protection System
3 Commutation Failures Criteria for Security and Stability Control Based on Local Electrical Quantities
4 RTDS Test Verification
4.1 Test Scheme
4.2 Analysis of Test Results
5 Conclusion
References
21 Research on AVC Substation Control Strategy of Synchronous Condenser
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Overview of AVC Substation System [12]
2.1 System Architecture of AVC Substation
2.2 Control Levels of AVC Substation
3 Analysis of Switching Logic Between Different Working Modes
4 Calculation of Maximum Bus Voltage Regulation Range Under Steady State
5 Conclusion
References
22 Flicker Source Detection in Power Distribution Systems
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 GST Based Flicker Signal Processing
2.1 Basic of GST
2.2 Flicker Signal Processing
3 Features for Flicker Source Detecting
3.1 Inter-harmonics Power
3.2 Equivalent Impedance of Inter-harmonics
3.3 Rate of Inter-harmonic Current
4 Flicker Source Detection by Classification
5 Test Result
6 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
23 A Commutation Failure Prediction Criterion Based on Feasible Region Theory
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Mechanism Analysis of Commutation Failure
3 Commutation Feasible Region
3.1 Commutation Feasible Region Model
3.2 Construction Method of Commutation Feasible Region Section
4 Simulation and Theory Validation
4.1 Construction of Commutation Feasible Region
4.2 Comparison of Different Criterions
5 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
24 Research on Insulator Fault in Haze Days Based on Particle Swarm Optimization
Abstract
1 Instruction
2 Artificial Contamination Experiment
3 Leakage Current Denoising Analysis
3.1 Basic Concepts of Wavelet Transform
3.2 Leakage Current Signal Denoising Analysis
3.3 Feature Extraction and Analysis
3.3.1 Leakage Current Feature Quantity Extraction Based on Wavelet Packet
3.3.2 EMD Based Leakage Current Feature Extraction
4 Analysis of Leakage Current Characteristics Based on Particle Swarm Optimization
4.1 Standard Particle Swarm Concept
4.1.1 Standard Particle Swarm Optimization
4.1.2 Particle Swarm Algorithm Steps
4.2 Particle Swarm Optimization of Least Squares Wavelet Support Vector Machines
4.3 Analysis of Leakage Current
4.3.1 Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Leakage Current Steps
4.3.2 Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Analysis of Wavelet Packet Extraction Feature
4.3.3 Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for EMD Extraction Feature
5 Conclusion
References
25 Analysis of the Influence of System Characteristics on Ultra-Low Frequency Oscillation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Damping Characteristics of Hydraulic Turbine
3 Influence of Grid Parameters on Ultra-Low Frequency Oscillation
3.1 Ultra-Low Frequency Oscillation of the Hydropower System
3.2 Ultra-Low Frequency Oscillation of the System with Hydropower and Thermal Power
4 Simulation
4.1 Simulation Verification Based on Small System
4.2 Simulation Analysis Based on Actual System
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
26 Analysis of the Moment Inertia of Energy Storage System Under Different Control Modes
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Rotational Inertia of Power Grid
3 Equivalent Moment of Inertia of Energy Storage System
3.1 Moment of Inertia of Energy Storage Droop Control
3.2 Virtual (Negative) Inertial Control of Energy Storage
4 Simulation Analysis
5 Conclusion
References
27 A Balance Control Strategy for H-Bridge Cascaded Energy Storage Converter Battery Pack
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Working Principle of Cascade H-Bridge Energy Storage Converter
3 Balance Control of Battery SOC
4 Sub-module Voltage Balance Control
5 Simulation Verification
6 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
28 A Situation Awareness and Fault Recovery Decision-Aid System for UHVDC
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Research Ideas
3 DC System Risk Assessment and Decision Making
3.1 Risk Assessment
3.2 Preventive Control
3.3 DC Fault Online Diagnosis
3.4 DC Fault Recovery Decision Aiding
4 Practical Applications
5 Conclusion
References
29 The Fault Record Analysis Display Technology Based on Mobile Terminal
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The Technical Structure of Mobile Terminal Record Display
3 The Key Technology of Fault Record Display on Mobile Terminal
3.1 Instant Messaging Technology
3.2 Document Service Technology
3.3 Lightweight Display Technology
3.4 Fault Info Extraction
3.5 Effective Info Identification
4 Mobile Terminal Fault Record Display
4.1 High Performance Data Access
4.2 Mobile Terminal Graphics Exhibition
5 Conclusion
References
30 SVC Emergency Control Study on Continuous Commutation Failure
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Static Var Compensator (SVC)
2.1 The Working Principle of SVC
2.2 SVC Model and Parameters
3 Continuous Commutation Failure Prediction Method Based on Commutation Area
3.1 Continuous Commutation Failure Prediction Index Derivation
3.2 Prediction Method Correctness Verification
4 SVC Emergency Control and Simulation Verification Based on Prediction Method
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
31 Data Window Selection Method Applied to Sampled Value Differential Protection
Abstract
1 Preface
2 Principle of Sampled Value Differential Protection
2.1 Analysis of Saturation Current Waveform Characteristics
2.2 Comparison of Internal Fault Current and External Fault Current Under CT Saturation
2.3 Introduction to the Principle of Sampled Value Differential Protection
3 Simulation Verification
4 Summary
References
32 Active Splitting Strategies Based on Severe Faults of Hybrid AC/DC Power Systems
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Instability Scenarios Analysis of Multi-infeed DC Grid
2.1 Multiple DC Blocking and Useless Out-of-Step Device
2.2 False Action of Stability Control Devices
3 Active Splitting Strategies to Deal with the Systematic Transient Instability of Multi-infeed DC Receiving-End Grid
3.1 Framework and Function
3.2 Active Splitting Criterion
3.3 Determination of the Active Splitting Strategy
4 Example Verification
5 Conclusion
References
33 Controller Parameters Optimization Design in VSC-MTDC System
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Modeling of Converter Connected to Active AC System
2.1 Small Signal Modeling
2.2 Inner Loop Controller Design
2.3 Power Outer Loop Controller Design
2.4 DC Voltage Controller Design
3 Modeling of Converter Connected to Passive AC System
4 Model Verification
4.1 Power Control Mode Simulation
4.2 DC Voltage Control Simulation
4.3 Constant AC Voltage Control Simulation
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
AC & DC Flexible Transmission and Distribution Technology
34 Oscillation Between VSC-HVDC and AC Grid: Phenomena, Analysis and Solution
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Oscillation Phenomena and Stability Analysis Approach
2.1 The 1270 Hz Oscillation Happened in Luxi-Station
2.2 Stability Analysis
3 Analysis of Influencing Factor
3.1 Grid Impedance
3.2 VSC Impedance
3.3 Simulation Verifications
4 Solutions Discussion
4.1 Limit the Operation Mode of AC Grid
4.2 Passive Damping
4.3 Active Damping
4.4 Oscillation Protection
5 Conclusion
References
35 Analysis of the DC Overvoltage Caused by the Blocking of MMC Inverter Station
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 MMC-HVDC Structure and Simulation Model
2.1 Topology of MMC-HVDC
2.2 Simulation Model of MMC
3 Working State of Sub-module
4 Analysis of DC Voltage After MMC Inverter Blocked
4.1 Stage A
4.2 Stage B
4.3 Stage C
5 DC Voltage of Different Blocking Fault Time
6 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
36 A Practical Method to Calculate the AC-Side Short-Circuit Current of MMC-HVDC
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Control System of MMC
3 MMC-Contributed Short-Circuit Current Calculation Method
3.1 Symmetrical Short-Circuit Current Calculation
3.2 Asymmetrical Short-Circuit Current Calculation
4 Simulation Verification
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
37 Reliability Analysis Based on MMC Valve Operating Conditions in HVDC System
Abstract
1 The Introduction
2 MMC Structure Analysis
3 The DC Bias Issues Related to Operating Conditions
4 MMC Reliability Analysis
4.1 Reliability Structure
4.2 Submodule Reliability
4.3 Bridge Reliability
4.4 The Reliability of MMC
5 Case Analysis
6 Conclusion
References
38 A Control Strategy of Suppressing Offline for Large-Scale Wind Power Generators Caused by DC Commutation Failure
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Research Background
2.1 UHVDC Transmission of Wind Power System
2.2 Commutation Failure
3 Wind Power Generators Offline Caused by DC Commutation Failure
4 Control Strategies
5 Simulation
5.1 The Simulation Analysis of Existing Wind Control Strategy
5.2 Simulation Analysis of Control Strategy in This Paper
6 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
39 Control Scheme of Modular Multilevel Converter Under Unbalanced Grid Voltage
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Mathematical Model of MMC Under Asymmetric Grid
2.1 Introduction of MMC
2.2 Positive and Negative Sequence Separation and Phase Lock Under Asymmetric Grid Voltage
2.3 Power Analysis
3 Circulating Current Suppression of MMC Rectifier Under Asymmetric Grid
3.1 Expression of Bridge Arm Circulating Current
3.2 Suppression of Double Frequency Circulating Current
4 Control Objectives on AC Side Under Asymmetric Grid Voltage
4.1 Control Objective I: Suppressed Negative Sequence Current Control
4.2 Control Objective II: Instantaneous Active Power Control
5 Simulation Validation
6 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
40 Research on Converter Topology and Control of Co-phase Traction Power Supply System Based on MMC Topology
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The Structure of MMC Converter Topology
3 The Control Based on MMC Converter Topology
3.1 DC Side Voltage Equalization Control
3.1.1 Capacitor Voltage Pre-charge Control Measures
3.1.2 Capacitor Voltage Runtime Control Measures
3.2 Circulation Current Suppression Strategy
3.3 Control Strategy
3.3.1 Transient Current Control
3.3.2 dq Decoupling Control
3.4 Modulation Strategy
4 Conclusion
References
41 Design and Application of Centralized Instrument Transformer Measuring System in Series Compensation System
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Series of High-Voltage Platform Measuring Systems
2.1 The Principle of Electronic Transformer
2.2 Interference Analysis of Measuring System on the High Voltage Platform
2.3 Performance Requirements of TA Measuring Systems
3 Implementation and Application of a Centralized TA Measuring System
3.1 Basic Structure
3.2 Design of High Pressure Platform Measuring Unit
3.3 Signal Processing and Photoelectric Conversion Module Design
3.4 Measuring System Power Supply Design
3.5 Merging Unit Design
3.6 Engineering Application
4 Conclusion
References
42 Reliability Analysis of MMC Based on Junction Temperature Calculation in HVDC System
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Transient Thermal Impedance Model of IGBT Under Different Working Conditions
2.1 Transient Thermal Impedance Model of IGBT
2.2 Modeling Steps for Transient Thermal Impedance Model of IGBT
2.3 Transient Thermal Impedance Model of IGBT Under Different Working Conditions
3 Calculation of Valve Loss
4 IGBT Junction Temperature Calculation
5 Case Analysis
6 Conclusion
References
43 Adaptability Analysis of Differential Protection for Series Transformers of Unified Power Flow Controller
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Failure Removal Process of UPFC System
3 Influence Analysis of Differential Protection
3.1 Series Transformer Characteristics
3.2 Safe Operation Characteristics of Converter Valve Equipment
4 Analysis of Fault Characteristics of Differential Protection
4.1 Differential Protection Configuration and Simulation Work Conditions
4.2 Fault Process Outside the Area
4.3 Short Circuit Process of Internal Faults
4.4 Winding Turn-to-Turn Fault
4.5 Valve Side Failure
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
44 IGBT Open-Circuit Fault Diagnosis and Location of MMC Sub-module
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 MMC Topology and Operation Principle
2.1 MMC Topology
2.2 MMC Operation Principle
3 Fault Characteristic Analysis of MMC Sub-module
3.1 T1 Open-Circuit Fault
3.2 T2 Open-Circuit Fault
4 IGBT Open-Circuit Fault Diagnosis and Location
4.1 IGBT Open-Circuit Fault Diagnosis Method
4.2 Fault Sub-module Location Method
4.3 Proposed Fault Isolation Method
5 Simulation
5.1 Simulation Parameters
5.2 Simulation of IGBT Open-Circuit Fault
6 Conclusion
References
45 Analysis of the AC Side of Modular Multilevel Converters Under Asymmetric Arm Impedance Conditions
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 AC Side Characteristic of the Asymmetric MMC
3 Impact of the DC Terminal Current
4 Simulation Verification
5 Conclusion
References
46 Small-Signal Modeling of Series Resonant Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Working Principle of SRDAB
3 Small-Signal Modeling Based on Extended Description Function Method
3.1 Switching Functions
3.2 Nonlinear State Equation
3.3 Harmonic Approximation
3.4 Extended Description Function
3.5 Harmonic Balance
3.6 Steady-State Condition
3.7 Disturbance and Linearization
4 Simulation Verification and Design of Closed-Loop Control System
5 Conclusion
References
47 Development and Application of FACTS Technology
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 FACTS Controller Applications
2.1 Shunt Device
2.2 Series Device
2.3 Hybrid Device
2.4 Typical Application Projects
3 Key Technologies of FACTS Controller
3.1 System Design Technology
3.2 Power Electronic Device
3.3 Control and Protection Design
3.4 Test
4 Trends and Challenges
4.1 Demands
4.2 New Technology Convergence
5 Conclusion
References
48 Fault Monitoring and Location for the Metallic Return Line in VSC-HVDC Grid
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Characteristics of VSC-HVDC Metallic Return Lines
2.1 Physical Structure of VSC-HVDC Metallic Return Lines
2.2 Electrical Characteristics of Metallic Return Line
3 Metal Return Lines Fault Monitoring System and Method
3.1 Framework of Fault Monitoring System
3.2 Fault Monitoring Based on Waveform Comparison Method
4 Simulation and Field Test
4.1 Simulation Test of Fault Location
4.2 Simulation Test of Noise Resistance
4.3 Field Test of Fault Location
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
49 DC Micro-grid Voltage Control Strategy Based on Discrete Consensus Algorithm
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Droop Control in DC Micro-grid
2.1 Introduction to DC Micro-grid System
2.2 Principle of Droop Control
2.3 Traditional Droop Control Limitations
3 Droop Control Based on Discrete Consensus Algorithm
3.1 DC Micro-grid Power Generation Unit Level Control
3.2 Droop Control Based on Discrete Consensus Algorithm
4 Simulation and Analysis
4.1 Light Intensity Change
4.2 Constant Load Power Change
5 Conclusions
References
50 Submodule IGBT Parameters Estimation Scheme in Modular Multilevel Converters with Reduced Voltage Sensors Based on Kalman Filter Algorithm
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Operation Principles and Structure of the MMC
3 MMC Bridge Arm Voltage Modeling
4 Proposed KF Estimation Scheme
5 Simulation Verification
6 Conclusion
References
Safety Operation of Active Distribution Network and Coordinated Control of Transmission and Distribution Networks
51 The Intelligent Early Warning System for the Gale-Induced Transmission Tower Fault Probability
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The NLSR-BP Model
2.1 Optimization of Prediction Factors
2.2 A Gale Forecast Model Base on NLSR
2.3 Intelligent Optimization Based on BP Network
3 The Tower Fault Probability
4 Simulation Calculation
4.1 Gale Prediction and Simulation
4.2 Early-Warning Simulation of Inverted Tower
5 Summary and Discussion
References
52 Optimal Allocation and Sizing of Shunt Capacitors in Unbalanced Radial Distribution Systems: A Comparative Study
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Sensitivity-Based Indices
2.1 Index Vector
2.2 Combined Loss Sensitivity Factor
2.3 Voltage Stability Index
3 The Optimization Problem and PSO
3.1 Objective Functions and Constraints
3.2 PSO Algorithm for Finding Optimal Sizes of SCs
4 Simulation Results and Discussions
4.1 Optimal Locations and Sizes of SCs
4.2 Comparison of TPL, VD and VU for the Studied Cases
5 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
53 Forest Fire Tripping Probability Prediction System Based on Partial Mutual Information Method
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Impact Factors of Forest Fires
3 Partial Mutual Information Method
3.1 The Calculation Method of PMI
3.2 The Selection Process of PMI
4 Forest Fire Tripping Probability Prediction System
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
54 An Adaptive Protection Scheme Based on Fault Components of Phase Current Difference for Positive Distribution Networks
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Fault Components of Phase-Phase Current and Its Extraction
2.1 Fault Components Extraction
2.2 Features of Fault Components
2.3 System Parameter Determination
3 Adaptive Current Protection Scheme
3.1 Adaptive Instantaneous Protection Scheme Based on Fault Component of Phase Current Difference
3.2 Definite Time OCR Based on Faulty Phase Recognition
3.3 Possible Maloperation
3.4 Protection for Symmetrical Fault
4 Simulation Verification
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
55 Dynamic Coordination Optimization for Active Distribution Network Considering Energy Storage System
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Model for Dynamic Coordination Optimization
2.1 Objective Function
2.2 Operation Constraints
3 Relaxation Algorithm
4 Example Analysis
4.1 Optimize Scheduling Results
4.2 Solving Efficiency and Relaxation Accuracy
5 Conclusions
References
56 Research on Voltage Control Strategy of Distribution Network Based on Model Prediction Technology
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 MPC-Based Distribution Network Voltage Control Model
2.1 Objective Function
2.2 Prediction Model
2.3 Constraints
3 Model Solving Method
4 Example Simulation Analysis
5 Conclusion
References
57 The Application for Automatic Voltage Control Technology Considering Energy Storage in Regional Power Grid
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Energy Storage Power Station Reactive Power Control
2.1 Energy Storage Station Structure
2.2 Energy Storage Station Participates in Grid Voltage Control
2.3 Regional Control Model
2.4 Coordinated Control of Energy Storage and Regional Power Grid
3 Coordinated Control Scheme
3.1 System Structure
3.2 Dynamic Reactive Margin
3.3 Secondary Voltage Control Decision
4 Application
5 Conclusion
References
58 A Method of Extracting and Recognizing Discharge Current of Bird Hazard Hidden Danger Based on Wavelet Transform
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 A Subsection Sample
2 Mechanism of Bird-Caused Hidden Danger Discharge and the Construction Local-Arc Model
2.1 Mechanism of Bird-Caused Hidden Danger Discharge
2.2 Construction of Local Arc Model
3 Phase Shift Subtraction and Wavelet Transform
3.1 A Method of Hidden-Current Extraction Based on Phase Shift Subtraction
3.2 A Method of Hidden-Current Identification Based on Wavelet Transform
4 Simulation Analysis
4.1 Establishment of Simulation Model
4.2 Extraction and Identification of Bird-Caused Hidden Current
4.2.1 Hidden Current Under Constant Load Conditions
4.2.2 Sudden Impact Current Under Sudden Load
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
59 Dynamic Voltage Control Technology Research of PV Power Plant Based on Inverter Phase Modulation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Analysis of the Phase-Modulated Reactive Power Control Mechanism of Inverter
3 Inverter Phase Modulation Dynamic Reactive Power Control System Architecture
4 Test of Dynamic Reactive Power Control System for PV Power Plant
4.1 Line-1 Inverters Generating 4.5 MVar Inductive Reactive Power
4.2 Line-1 Inverters Generating 3 MVar Inductive Reactive Power
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
60 An Intelligent Distributed Feeder Automatic Strategy for Active Distribution Network and Its Implementation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Key Strategies
2.1 Active Distribution Network Fault Location Strategy
2.1.1 Impacts of DG on Traditional Protection Schemes
2.1.2 Fault Location Technology Based on Neighborhood Partition
2.2 Active Distribution Network Fault Isolation Technology
2.3 Active Distribution Network Fault Self-healing Technology
2.4 Fast Communication Technology
3 Function Realization
3.1 Device Hardware
3.2 Software Implementation
3.3 Exception Handling
3.4 Implementation Steps
4 Engineering Verification
4.1 Network Topology
4.2 Engineering Verification
4.2.1 Fault Location and Isolation
4.2.2 Self-healing
5 Conclusion
References
61 Multi-point Optimized Access Method of PVs Considering Peaking Effect
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Analysis of Load Characteristic Curve
3 Equivalent Load Curve Analysis Considering Photovoltaic Output
3.1 Characteristics of Distributed Photovoltaic Output
3.2 Equivalent Load Curve with Photovoltaic Output
4 Multi-point Optimized Access Method of Distributed Generators Capacity
4.1 Optimization Target
4.1.1 Summation Variance of Equivalent Load Curve
4.1.2 Renewable Energy Power Penetration on Feeder
4.2 Optimization Model
4.2.1 State Variables
4.2.2 Decision Variables
4.2.3 Constraints
4.3 Calculation Steps
5 Example Analysis
6 Conclusion
Funding
References
62 Partial Discharge Monitoring of Dry Distribution Transformer Based on Grid Search Scheme and Characteristic Analysis
Abstract
1 Overview
2 Partial Discharge Fault Location Equation Solution and Error Analysis
2.1 Solution of Partial Discharge Fault Location Equation
2.1.1 Location Model and Principle
2.1.2 Solution of Positioning Equations
2.2 Error Analysis
2.2.1 Uniform Distribution of Measurement Errors
The Height Distribution is 0, 400 and 900 mm, the Simulation Diagram (From Left to Right)
Simulation Figure (From Left to Right) When the Height is 1400, 1900 and 2400 mm
2.2.2 Normal Distribution of Measurement Errors
2.2.3 Comparisons of Two Distribution Measurement Errors
3 Location Algorithm Based on Grid Search
3.1 Algorithmic Model
3.2 Algorithm Accuracy Comparison
3.3 Defects of Algorithms and Improvement Measures
3.3.1 Algorithms Defects
3.3.2 Improvement Measures
4 Conclusion
References
Ubiquitous Power Internet of Things Technology
63 Design of Fault Location Scheme for Distribution Network Based on Edge Computing
Abstract
1 Prefaces
2 Status
2.1 Distribution Network Fault Location Method
2.2 Problems
3 Overall Design of Program
4 Terminal Design
4.1 Distribution Principle
4.2 Collection Device
4.3 Collection Terminal
5 Case Argumentation
5.1 Case 1
5.2 Case 2
6 Conclusions
References
64 Intelligent Park Load Scheduling Optimization Method Considering Heat-Power Linkage
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Multi-energy Supply Strategy
2.1 Energy Scenario
2.2 Residential Energy Strategy for Multiple Forms of Energy Supply
3 Mathematical Modeling
3.1 Objective Function
3.2 Constraint Condition
4 Solution of Demand Response Strategy
4.1 Basic Idea
4.2 Solving Process
5 Experimental
5.1 Parameter Settings
5.2 Comparison of Total Load of Different HPR
6 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
65 Research on Self-adaptive Strategy of Video Communication in Power Transmission and Transformation Project
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Overall Design of On-Site Monitoring and Control System of Power Transmission and Transformation Project
3 Research on Video Communication Adaptive Strategy
3.1 Real-Time Network Status Evaluation
3.2 Adaptive Transmission Strategy
4 Test and Analysis
5 Conclusion
References
66 Development of Transformer Terminal Unit Based on Virtual Technology
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Architecture
2.1 System Architecture
2.2 Hardware Architecture
2.3 Software Architecture
3 Key Technologies
3.1 Standardized Design of Models
3.2 Model Management
3.3 Container Management
3.4 App Management and Parallel Collaboration
4 The Support of Project
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
67 Multi-scenario Application of Power IoT Data Mining for Smart Cities
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Overview of Power IoT Data Mining
2.1 IoT City
2.2 Power Data Characteristics
2.3 IoT Data Mining
3 Application Requirements Analysis and Typical Scenarios
3.1 Application Requirements Overview
3.2 Classic Application Scenario
4 Analysis of Power Consumption Behavior Based on IoT Data
5 Regional Maturity Assessment
6 Conclusion
References
Cyber Security Technology of Power Systems and Cyber Physical Fusion Technology (Cyber Physical Power System)
68 External Node Intrusion Detection Scheme Based on Node Trust Value of WSNs in AMI of Smart Grid
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Abnormal Message Recognition Method
2.1 Abnormal Message Recognition Method Based on Digital Signature and Authentication Technology
2.2 Key Generation and Distribution
3 Node Trust Value Calculation
3.1 Improved of Trust Value Calculation Scheme
4 Intrusion Judgment Based on Fast Update of Trust Value
5 Algorithm Performance Analysis and Simulation
5.1 Algorithm Performance Analysis
5.2 Simulation
5.2.1 Comparison of Communication Trust Values Between Normal Communication and Abnormal Communication
5.2.2 Performance Comparison of Detection Methods
6 Conclusion
References
69 Security Protection and Testing System for Cyber-Physical Based Smart Power Grid
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Security Risk and Classification of Network Attacks in GCPS
2.1 Summary of GCPS
2.2 Security Risk in GCPS
2.3 Classification of Network Attacks in GCPS
3 The Construction of Security Protection System and Testing System for GCPS
3.1 The Construction of Information Security Protection System for GCPS
3.2 Security Testing System for GCPS
4 Conclusion
References
70 The Petri Net Based Probability Transfer Analysis of Cyber-Physical Power System Under False Data Injection Attacks
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Attack Intrusion Process in Cyber-Physical Power System
2.1 Substation Attack Scenario
2.2 Analysis of Network Attacks Patterns
2.3 Modeling the Internal Structure of Substation Based on Petri Net
3 Attack Transfer Process and Probability Distribution Analysis
4 Simulations
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
71 Design of Security Monitoring System for Power Dispatching Control Cloud Platform
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Overall Security Monitoring Architecture of Regulation Cloud
3 Design of Information Collection Content
3.1 Host Information Collection Content
3.2 Virtual Machine Information Collection Content
3.3 Cloud Management Software Information Collection Content
4 Scheme of Security Event Collection
4.1 Collection on Host Device
4.2 Virtual Machine Information Collection
4.3 Information Collection of Cloud Management Software
5 Data Processing and Analysis
5.1 Data Processing Module
5.2 Data Analysis Module
6 Security Event Alarm
7 Conclusion
References
72 Research on Unified Identity Authentication System for New Generation Dispatch Control System
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The Overall Design of the Unified Identity Authentication System
2.1 System Architecture
2.2 System Deployment
2.3 The Overall Process of Identity Authentication
3 Detailed Design of Unified Identity Authentication System
3.1 Local Identity Authentication Design
3.2 User Identity Label Design
3.3 Wide Area Identity Authentication Design
4 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Key Technologies in the Power Spot Market
73 Decomposition Model Framework of Trading Volume of Cascade Hydropower Stations Under the Linking Mode of Medium-Long Term and Spot Market
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Monthly Trading Power Decomposition
2.1 Monthly Trading Power Decomposition Model
2.2 Constraints
3 Decomposition of Daily Power
3.1 The Execution Curve Decomposition of Daily Power
3.2 Improved Progressive Optimality Algorithm (IPOA)
3.3 The Whole Procedure
4 Case Study
5 Conclusions
References
74 Risk Assessment of PSC Under Peak-Valley TOU Price Policy Based on CVaR Method
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The Trade Model
2.1 Power Consumption Under TOU Electricity Price Policy
2.2 Revenue Estimation of the PSC
3 Application of the CVaR Method
4 Case Study
5 Conclusions
References
75 Optimal Deployment of Energy Storage for Providing Peak Regulation Service in Smart Grid with Renewable Energy Sources
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Peak Regulation Market in Northeast China
2.1 Peak Shaving Cost Model
2.2 Peak Shaving Revenue Model
2.3 Constraints
2.4 Objective Function
3 Solution Algorithm
4 Numerical Study
4.1 Data
4.2 Results and Discussions
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
76 Influence of Risk Favor on the Market Clearing of a Competitive Electricity Market
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Market Modeling
3 Bidding Strategy
4 Simulation Results
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
77 Research on Equilibrium of Power Spot Market Considering Demand Response Strategy
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 A Subsection Sample
2 The SCED Model of Market-Clearing in Day-Ahead Market
2.1 Optimization Goal
2.2 Constraints
2.3 Node Price
3 Optimization Model of Load Demand Response
3.1 Optimization Goal
3.2 Load Demand Response Strategy
4 Solution
5 Case Studies and Discussions
5.1 A Subsection Sample
5.2 Influence of Demand Response Capacity on Load Curve Optimization
5.3 Influence of Line Transmission Power Limitation on Node Price
6 Conclusion
References
78 Analysis of Electricity Price Affordability of Large Industry Consumers in Yunnan Electricity Market
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The Current Situation of Yunnan Electricity Market and the Law of Price Fluctuation
3 Analysis of the Electricity Price Affordability of Industry Consumers in the Electricity Market
3.1 Cost and Benefit Analysis of Industry Consumers
3.2 Parameter Correction Under the Condition of Price Fluctuation of Electric Energy and Related Products
3.3 Industry Consumers' Affordability to Electricity Prices
4 Case Study
4.1 Case Data
4.2 Case Analysis Result
5 Conclusion
References
79 Analysis of the Characteristics of Cross-Border Power Trade Network Based on Complex Network Theory
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Establishment of Cross-Border Power Trade Network
3 Network Structure Indicators of Cross-Border Power Trade Network
3.1 Node Degree Distribution
3.2 Weighted Aggregation Coefficient
3.3 Weighted Network Structure Entropy
4 Cross-Border Power Trade Network Analysis
4.1 Degree Distribution
4.2 Aggregation
4.3 Heterogeneity
5 Conclusion
References
80 Power Trading Strategy Considering User Response Characteristics Under Incentive Conditions
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Power Procurement Model of Power Retailers
3 Incentive-Based Demand Response Project Model
3.1 Direct Load Control Project
3.2 Interruptible Load Project
4 The Target Model and Solution Scheme for the Power Trading of Power Retailers
5 Scenario Analysis
6 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
81 Real-Time Generation Scheduling Model and Its Application Considering Deep Peaking of Thermal Power Units
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Optimization Model Considering Deep Peak Shaving
2.1 Optimization Target
2.2 Constraint
2.3 Deep Peaking Model Analysis
3 Case Study
3.1 Conventional Depth Peaking Constraint Analysis
3.2 Deep Peaking Stability Constraint Analysis
3.3 Minimum Deep Peaking Time Constraint Analysis
3.4 Real-Time Power Generation Planning Engineering Application of Thermal Power Peaking
4 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Operation, Protection and Control of Power Systems with High Penetration of Renewable Energy
82 Voltage Online Assessment and Decision-Making Based on POPF with HVDC Transmission Capability and RES Fluctuation Consideration
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Mathematical Background
2.1 Load Probabilistic Model
2.2 Wind and Solar Output Power Probabilistic Model
2.3 Latin Hypercube Sampling Method
2.4 Optimal Power Flow
3 The Proposed Method for Voltage Assessment and Decision-Making
4 Case Study
5 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Smart Grid Technology Standard System and Related Research
83 Micro-grid Optimization Scheduling Based on Improved BBO Algorithm
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Micro-grid Economic Optimization Model
2.1 Objective Function
2.1.1 Operating Costs
2.1.2 Environmental Protection Cost
2.2 Constraint Conditions
3 Quantum BBO Optimization Algorithm
3.1 Traditional BBO Algorithm
3.1.1 Migration Model in BBO Algorithms
3.1.2 Variation Operation in BBO Algorithms
3.2 QBBO Optimization Algorithm
4 Example Analysis
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
84 Load Tracking Control of Air Conditioners Based on a Second-Order Equivalent Thermal Parameter Model
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Modeling of the Air Conditioner
2.1 Second-Order ETP Model
2.2 Aggregated Air Conditioner Model
3 Air Conditioner Tracking Control Method
3.1 Reference Signal
3.2 The Tracking Control Method
4 Simulation Results
5 Conclusion
References
85 Line Loss Analysis and Reduction Method for Small Hydropower Embedded Distribution Network
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Distribution Line Loss Calculation for Small Hydropower Connected Grid
2.1 Calculation of Distribution Line Loss After Small Hydropower Is Connected to the Grid
3 Distribution Line Loss Calculation on Line System
3.1 The Integrated Electricity and Line Loss Management System
3.2 Distribution Network Theoretical Line Loss Calculation Module
4 Analysis and Verification of Typical Line Calculation Results
5 Measures to Reduce the Impact of Small Hydropower
6 Conclusion
References

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Proceedings of PURPLE MOUNTAIN FORUM 2019-International Forum on Smart Grid Protection and Control

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