Neurological Basis of Behaviour
Published on 16. September 2009
288 pages
978-0-470-71656-4 (ISBN)
Description
The Novartis Foundation Series is a popular collection of the proceedings from Novartis Foundation Symposia, in which groups of leading scientists from a range of topics across biology, chemistry and medicine assembled to present papers and discuss results. The Novartis Foundation, originally known as the Ciba Foundation, is well known to scientists and clinicians around the world.
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Ciba Foundation
Ciba Foundation Symposium - Neurological Basis of Behaviour
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05/2008
Wiley
€82.75
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Ciba Foundation
Ciba Foundation Symposium - Neurological Basis of Behaviour
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12/1958
Wiley
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Persons
Sir Gordon Ethelbert Ward Wolstenholme OBE FRCP was a British medical doctor, and the founding director of the Ciba Foundation. He was born in Sheffield, the son of a mechanical engineer, and educated at Repton School and Corpus Christi, Cambridge.
Content
1 - Cover [Seite 1]
2 - Title Page [Seite 5]
3 - Copyright Page [Seite 6]
4 - PREFACE [Seite 7]
5 - CONTENTS [Seite 9]
6 - CHAIRMAN'S OPENING REMARKS [Seite 15]
7 - EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF IDEAS RELATING THE MIND WITH THE BRAIN [Seite 18]
7.1 - REFERENCES [Seite 35]
7.2 - DISCUSSION [Seite 36]
8 - THE BEHAVIOUR OF NERVE CELLS [Seite 42]
8.1 - REFERENCES [Seite 60]
8.2 - DISCUSSION [Seite 61]
9 - THE BEHAVIOUR OF CHRONICALLY DECEREBRATE CATS [Seite 69]
9.1 - Methods [Seite 71]
9.1.1 - Surgical procedures [Seite 71]
9.1.2 - Nursing care [Seite 72]
9.2 - Levels of decerebration [Seite 72]
9.2.1 - Pontile or bulbospinal cats [Seite 72]
9.2.2 - Low mesencephalic cats [Seite 77]
9.2.3 - High mesencephalic cats [Seite 78]
9.2.4 - Observations of behaviour [Seite 78]
9.2.5 - Attitude, posture, righting and locomotion [Seite 78]
9.2.6 - Behaviour indicative of fear, anger and pain [Seite 82]
9.2.7 - Sexual behaviour [Seite 85]
9.2.8 - Responses to environmental cold and heat [Seite 87]
9.3 - REFERENCES [Seite 89]
9.4 - DISCUSSION [Seite 89]
10 - AN APPRAISAL OF THE EFFECTS OF DIENCEPH- ALIC STIMULATION OF CONSCIOUS ANIMALS IN TERMS OF NORMAL BEHAVIOUR [Seite 94]
10.1 - Some characteristics of the drinking behaviour of goats [Seite 95]
10.2 - Studies in connexion with stimulations of the "drink- ing and feeding areas" of the hypothalamus [Seite 96]
10.3 - Stimulation and ablation of the taste pathway within the thalamus [Seite 101]
10.4 - The effect of amphetamine on normal and experi- mentally induced drinking and eating by goats [Seite 103]
10.5 - REFERENCES [Seite 104]
10.6 - DISCUSSION [Seite 105]
11 - THE EFFECTS UPON BEHAVIOUR OF LESIONS IN THE DORSOMEDIAL AND ANTERIOR THALAMIC NUCLEI OF CAT AND MONKEY [Seite 110]
11.1 - Dorsomedial nucleus system [Seite 110]
11.2 - Anterior nucleus system [Seite 111]
11.3 - Dorsomedial nuclei [Seite 113]
11.4 - Anterior nuclei [Seite 113]
11.5 - Monkey [Seite 113]
11.6 - Dorsomedial nuclei [Seite 116]
11.7 - Anterior nuclei [Seite 119]
11.8 - REFERENCES [Seite 121]
11.9 - DISCUSSION [Seite 122]
12 - CORRELATED EFFECTS IN BEHAVIOUR AND ELECTRICAL BRAIN ACTIVITY EVOKED BY STIMULATION OF THE RETICULAR SYSTEM, THALAMUS AND RHINENCEPHALON IN THE CONSCIOUS ANIMAL [Seite 126]
12.1 - Method [Seite 126]
12.2 - Changes in behaviour related to the midbrain reticular formation [Seite 127]
12.3 - The arousal reaction [Seite 127]
12.4 - Changes of behaviour related to the medial thalamus [Seite 130]
12.5 - The medial thalamic arousal reactions [Seite 130]
12.6 - Absence of motor reaction or slight tranquillization [Seite 131]
12.7 - Changes in behaviour related to the ventrolateral thalamus [Seite 132]
12.8 - Changes in behaviour related to the dorsolateral thalamus [Seite 133]
12.9 - Changes in behaviour related to the rhinencephalon [Seite 146]
12.10 - Discussion and conclusions [Seite 149]
12.10.1 - Arousal reaction and excitation [Seite 149]
12.10.2 - Oral behaviour patterns (chewing, nose rubbing) [Seite 152]
12.10.3 - Special motor reactions [Seite 152]
12.11 - REFERENCES [Seite 153]
12.12 - DISCUSSION [Seite 153]
13 - SELECTIVE EFFECTS OF DRIVES AND DRUGS ON "REWARD" SYSTEMS OF THE BRAIN [Seite 157]
13.1 - REFERENCES [Seite 175]
13.2 - DISCUSSION [Seite 176]
14 - THE RÔLE OF THE TEMPORAL CORTEX IN RECALL OF PAST EXPERIENCE AND INTERPRETATION OF THE PRESENT [Seite 183]
14.1 - Motor responses [Seite 184]
14.2 - Psychical responses [Seite 188]
14.2.1 - Experiential hallucinations [Seite 190]
14.2.2 - Interpretive illusions [Seite 190]
14.3 - Interpretive cortex [Seite 191]
14.4 - Illusional interpretation [Seite 201]
14.5 - Function of interpretive cortex [Seite 202]
14.6 - Physiology of cortical stimulation [Seite 207]
14.7 - Conclusion [Seite 208]
14.8 - REFERENCES [Seite 210]
15 - "THE TEMPORAL LOBE SYNDROME" PRODUCED BY BILATERAL ABLATIONS [Seite 211]
15.1 - REFERENCES [Seite 217]
15.2 - DISCUSSION [Seite 218]
16 - SOME BASIC MECHANISMS OF THE TRANSLA- TION OF BODILY NEEDS INTO BEHAVIOUR [Seite 223]
16.1 - The non-specific component of some instinctual behaviours as disclosed by the ethological descriptions [Seite 223]
16.2 - Physiological mechanisms [Seite 226]
16.2.1 - Respiratory function and craving for air [Seite 227]
16.2.2 - Food seeking and feeding behaviour [Seite 228]
16.2.3 - Sexual behaviour [Seite 229]
16.3 - General Discussion The non-specific component of instinctual behaviour [Seite 230]
16.4 - Vigilance and the relationships between specific and non -specific components [Seite 233]
16.5 - Summary [Seite 235]
16.6 - REFERENCES [Seite 236]
16.7 - DISCUSSION [Seite 237]
17 - NEUROLOGICAL BASIS OF RESPONSES TO STRESS [Seite 240]
17.1 - Summary [Seite 256]
17.2 - REFERENCES [Seite 256]
17.3 - DISCUSSION [Seite 256]
18 - THE RHINENCEPHALON AND BEHAVIOUR [Seite 261]
18.1 - REFERENCES [Seite 270]
18.2 - DISCUSSION [Seite 272]
19 - NEUROLOGICAL SITE OF ACTION OF STILBOESTROL IN ELICITING SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR [Seite 275]
19.1 - The present study [Seite 277]
19.1.1 - Introduction [Seite 277]
19.1.2 - Effects of systemically applied oestrogen [Seite 279]
19.1.3 - Effects of oestrogens applied locally within the central nervous system [Seite 282]
19.2 - Discussion and Summary [Seite 289]
19.3 - REFERENCES [Seite 291]
19.4 - DISCUSSION [Seite 292]
20 - SOME ASPECTS OF THE NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF CONDITIONED REFLEXES AND BEHAVIOUR [Seite 295]
20.1 - Modification of conditioned activities caused by cerebral mutilations or cerebral stimulations [Seite 296]
20.2 - Modification of cerebral electrical activity during conditioning [Seite 299]
20.3 - Neurophysiological interpretation of the "closure" of "conditioned circuits" [Seite 302]
20.4 - Acknowledgement [Seite 311]
20.5 - REFERENCES [Seite 311]
20.6 - DISCUSSION [Seite 312]
21 - PATTERNS OF CORTICAL NEURONAL DISCHARGE DURING CONDITIONED RESPONSES IN MONKEYS* [Seite 317]
21.1 - Outline of methods [Seite 319]
21.2 - Alerting responses and habituation [Seite 320]
21.3 - Unit firing patterns in motor cortex during conditioned avoidance responses [Seite 324]
21.4 - Conditioned patterns of unit response in parietal cortex [Seite 327]
21.5 - Effect of conditioned responses upon occipital evoked potentials [Seite 328]
21.6 - Discussion [Seite 329]
21.7 - REFERENCES [Seite 331]
21.8 - DISCUSSION [Seite 331]
22 - THE ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF CORTICAL NEURONES IN RELATION TO BEHAVIOUR, AS STUDIED WITH MICROELECTRODES IN UNRESTRAINED CATS [Seite 336]
22.1 - Method [Seite 337]
22.2 - Results [Seite 338]
22.2.1 - Spontaneous activity [Seite 338]
22.2.2 - Evoked activity [Seite 339]
22.3 - REFERENCES [Seite 346]
22.4 - DISCUSSION [Seite 346]
23 - DRUG EFFECTS IN RELATION TO RECEPTOR SPECIFICITY WITHIN THE BRAIN: SOME EVIDENCE AND PROVISIONAL FORMULATION [Seite 348]
23.1 - Neurohumoral Transmission within the Central Nervous System [Seite 350]
23.2 - The effect of drugs on the electrical activity of the brainin the conscious unrestrained animal, and in someacute preparations (Bradley and Elkes, 1957, Bradley andHance, 1957, Bradley, 1958) [Seite 355]
23.3 - The Central Effects of Some Psychotrophic Drugs on a Vasomoter Reflex Pathway (Ginzel, 1955, 1957) [Seite 362]
23.4 - The Effects of some Psychotrophic Drugs on the Peristaltic Reflex (Ginzel, 1957) [Seite 364]
23.5 - Comment [Seite 366]
23.6 - Summary [Seite 373]
23.7 - REFERENCES [Seite 375]
23.8 - DISCUSSION [Seite 377]
24 - BRAIN ENZYMES AND ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOUR [Seite 382]
24.1 - Behavioural testing [Seite 384]
24.2 - Chemical Analysis [Seite 386]
24.3 - Distribution of ChE activity [Seite 389]
24.4 - Behavioural-enyzmic relationships Unsolvable problem [Seite 392]
24.5 - Genetic selection experiment [Seite 398]
24.6 - Summary [Seite 400]
24.7 - Acknowledgements [Seite 400]
24.8 - REFERENCES [Seite 400]
24.9 - DISCUSSION [Seite 401]
25 - THE RELEVANCE OF SOME NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL DATA TO BEHAVIOUR DISORDERS [Seite 404]
25.1 - REFERENCES [Seite 423]
25.2 - DISCUSSION [Seite 424]
26 - GENERAL DISCUSSION [Seite 426]
27 - AUTHOR INDEX TO PAPERS [Seite 435]
28 - SUBJECT INDEX [Seite 437]
29 - EULA [Seite 447]
2 - Title Page [Seite 5]
3 - Copyright Page [Seite 6]
4 - PREFACE [Seite 7]
5 - CONTENTS [Seite 9]
6 - CHAIRMAN'S OPENING REMARKS [Seite 15]
7 - EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF IDEAS RELATING THE MIND WITH THE BRAIN [Seite 18]
7.1 - REFERENCES [Seite 35]
7.2 - DISCUSSION [Seite 36]
8 - THE BEHAVIOUR OF NERVE CELLS [Seite 42]
8.1 - REFERENCES [Seite 60]
8.2 - DISCUSSION [Seite 61]
9 - THE BEHAVIOUR OF CHRONICALLY DECEREBRATE CATS [Seite 69]
9.1 - Methods [Seite 71]
9.1.1 - Surgical procedures [Seite 71]
9.1.2 - Nursing care [Seite 72]
9.2 - Levels of decerebration [Seite 72]
9.2.1 - Pontile or bulbospinal cats [Seite 72]
9.2.2 - Low mesencephalic cats [Seite 77]
9.2.3 - High mesencephalic cats [Seite 78]
9.2.4 - Observations of behaviour [Seite 78]
9.2.5 - Attitude, posture, righting and locomotion [Seite 78]
9.2.6 - Behaviour indicative of fear, anger and pain [Seite 82]
9.2.7 - Sexual behaviour [Seite 85]
9.2.8 - Responses to environmental cold and heat [Seite 87]
9.3 - REFERENCES [Seite 89]
9.4 - DISCUSSION [Seite 89]
10 - AN APPRAISAL OF THE EFFECTS OF DIENCEPH- ALIC STIMULATION OF CONSCIOUS ANIMALS IN TERMS OF NORMAL BEHAVIOUR [Seite 94]
10.1 - Some characteristics of the drinking behaviour of goats [Seite 95]
10.2 - Studies in connexion with stimulations of the "drink- ing and feeding areas" of the hypothalamus [Seite 96]
10.3 - Stimulation and ablation of the taste pathway within the thalamus [Seite 101]
10.4 - The effect of amphetamine on normal and experi- mentally induced drinking and eating by goats [Seite 103]
10.5 - REFERENCES [Seite 104]
10.6 - DISCUSSION [Seite 105]
11 - THE EFFECTS UPON BEHAVIOUR OF LESIONS IN THE DORSOMEDIAL AND ANTERIOR THALAMIC NUCLEI OF CAT AND MONKEY [Seite 110]
11.1 - Dorsomedial nucleus system [Seite 110]
11.2 - Anterior nucleus system [Seite 111]
11.3 - Dorsomedial nuclei [Seite 113]
11.4 - Anterior nuclei [Seite 113]
11.5 - Monkey [Seite 113]
11.6 - Dorsomedial nuclei [Seite 116]
11.7 - Anterior nuclei [Seite 119]
11.8 - REFERENCES [Seite 121]
11.9 - DISCUSSION [Seite 122]
12 - CORRELATED EFFECTS IN BEHAVIOUR AND ELECTRICAL BRAIN ACTIVITY EVOKED BY STIMULATION OF THE RETICULAR SYSTEM, THALAMUS AND RHINENCEPHALON IN THE CONSCIOUS ANIMAL [Seite 126]
12.1 - Method [Seite 126]
12.2 - Changes in behaviour related to the midbrain reticular formation [Seite 127]
12.3 - The arousal reaction [Seite 127]
12.4 - Changes of behaviour related to the medial thalamus [Seite 130]
12.5 - The medial thalamic arousal reactions [Seite 130]
12.6 - Absence of motor reaction or slight tranquillization [Seite 131]
12.7 - Changes in behaviour related to the ventrolateral thalamus [Seite 132]
12.8 - Changes in behaviour related to the dorsolateral thalamus [Seite 133]
12.9 - Changes in behaviour related to the rhinencephalon [Seite 146]
12.10 - Discussion and conclusions [Seite 149]
12.10.1 - Arousal reaction and excitation [Seite 149]
12.10.2 - Oral behaviour patterns (chewing, nose rubbing) [Seite 152]
12.10.3 - Special motor reactions [Seite 152]
12.11 - REFERENCES [Seite 153]
12.12 - DISCUSSION [Seite 153]
13 - SELECTIVE EFFECTS OF DRIVES AND DRUGS ON "REWARD" SYSTEMS OF THE BRAIN [Seite 157]
13.1 - REFERENCES [Seite 175]
13.2 - DISCUSSION [Seite 176]
14 - THE RÔLE OF THE TEMPORAL CORTEX IN RECALL OF PAST EXPERIENCE AND INTERPRETATION OF THE PRESENT [Seite 183]
14.1 - Motor responses [Seite 184]
14.2 - Psychical responses [Seite 188]
14.2.1 - Experiential hallucinations [Seite 190]
14.2.2 - Interpretive illusions [Seite 190]
14.3 - Interpretive cortex [Seite 191]
14.4 - Illusional interpretation [Seite 201]
14.5 - Function of interpretive cortex [Seite 202]
14.6 - Physiology of cortical stimulation [Seite 207]
14.7 - Conclusion [Seite 208]
14.8 - REFERENCES [Seite 210]
15 - "THE TEMPORAL LOBE SYNDROME" PRODUCED BY BILATERAL ABLATIONS [Seite 211]
15.1 - REFERENCES [Seite 217]
15.2 - DISCUSSION [Seite 218]
16 - SOME BASIC MECHANISMS OF THE TRANSLA- TION OF BODILY NEEDS INTO BEHAVIOUR [Seite 223]
16.1 - The non-specific component of some instinctual behaviours as disclosed by the ethological descriptions [Seite 223]
16.2 - Physiological mechanisms [Seite 226]
16.2.1 - Respiratory function and craving for air [Seite 227]
16.2.2 - Food seeking and feeding behaviour [Seite 228]
16.2.3 - Sexual behaviour [Seite 229]
16.3 - General Discussion The non-specific component of instinctual behaviour [Seite 230]
16.4 - Vigilance and the relationships between specific and non -specific components [Seite 233]
16.5 - Summary [Seite 235]
16.6 - REFERENCES [Seite 236]
16.7 - DISCUSSION [Seite 237]
17 - NEUROLOGICAL BASIS OF RESPONSES TO STRESS [Seite 240]
17.1 - Summary [Seite 256]
17.2 - REFERENCES [Seite 256]
17.3 - DISCUSSION [Seite 256]
18 - THE RHINENCEPHALON AND BEHAVIOUR [Seite 261]
18.1 - REFERENCES [Seite 270]
18.2 - DISCUSSION [Seite 272]
19 - NEUROLOGICAL SITE OF ACTION OF STILBOESTROL IN ELICITING SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR [Seite 275]
19.1 - The present study [Seite 277]
19.1.1 - Introduction [Seite 277]
19.1.2 - Effects of systemically applied oestrogen [Seite 279]
19.1.3 - Effects of oestrogens applied locally within the central nervous system [Seite 282]
19.2 - Discussion and Summary [Seite 289]
19.3 - REFERENCES [Seite 291]
19.4 - DISCUSSION [Seite 292]
20 - SOME ASPECTS OF THE NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF CONDITIONED REFLEXES AND BEHAVIOUR [Seite 295]
20.1 - Modification of conditioned activities caused by cerebral mutilations or cerebral stimulations [Seite 296]
20.2 - Modification of cerebral electrical activity during conditioning [Seite 299]
20.3 - Neurophysiological interpretation of the "closure" of "conditioned circuits" [Seite 302]
20.4 - Acknowledgement [Seite 311]
20.5 - REFERENCES [Seite 311]
20.6 - DISCUSSION [Seite 312]
21 - PATTERNS OF CORTICAL NEURONAL DISCHARGE DURING CONDITIONED RESPONSES IN MONKEYS* [Seite 317]
21.1 - Outline of methods [Seite 319]
21.2 - Alerting responses and habituation [Seite 320]
21.3 - Unit firing patterns in motor cortex during conditioned avoidance responses [Seite 324]
21.4 - Conditioned patterns of unit response in parietal cortex [Seite 327]
21.5 - Effect of conditioned responses upon occipital evoked potentials [Seite 328]
21.6 - Discussion [Seite 329]
21.7 - REFERENCES [Seite 331]
21.8 - DISCUSSION [Seite 331]
22 - THE ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF CORTICAL NEURONES IN RELATION TO BEHAVIOUR, AS STUDIED WITH MICROELECTRODES IN UNRESTRAINED CATS [Seite 336]
22.1 - Method [Seite 337]
22.2 - Results [Seite 338]
22.2.1 - Spontaneous activity [Seite 338]
22.2.2 - Evoked activity [Seite 339]
22.3 - REFERENCES [Seite 346]
22.4 - DISCUSSION [Seite 346]
23 - DRUG EFFECTS IN RELATION TO RECEPTOR SPECIFICITY WITHIN THE BRAIN: SOME EVIDENCE AND PROVISIONAL FORMULATION [Seite 348]
23.1 - Neurohumoral Transmission within the Central Nervous System [Seite 350]
23.2 - The effect of drugs on the electrical activity of the brainin the conscious unrestrained animal, and in someacute preparations (Bradley and Elkes, 1957, Bradley andHance, 1957, Bradley, 1958) [Seite 355]
23.3 - The Central Effects of Some Psychotrophic Drugs on a Vasomoter Reflex Pathway (Ginzel, 1955, 1957) [Seite 362]
23.4 - The Effects of some Psychotrophic Drugs on the Peristaltic Reflex (Ginzel, 1957) [Seite 364]
23.5 - Comment [Seite 366]
23.6 - Summary [Seite 373]
23.7 - REFERENCES [Seite 375]
23.8 - DISCUSSION [Seite 377]
24 - BRAIN ENZYMES AND ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOUR [Seite 382]
24.1 - Behavioural testing [Seite 384]
24.2 - Chemical Analysis [Seite 386]
24.3 - Distribution of ChE activity [Seite 389]
24.4 - Behavioural-enyzmic relationships Unsolvable problem [Seite 392]
24.5 - Genetic selection experiment [Seite 398]
24.6 - Summary [Seite 400]
24.7 - Acknowledgements [Seite 400]
24.8 - REFERENCES [Seite 400]
24.9 - DISCUSSION [Seite 401]
25 - THE RELEVANCE OF SOME NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL DATA TO BEHAVIOUR DISORDERS [Seite 404]
25.1 - REFERENCES [Seite 423]
25.2 - DISCUSSION [Seite 424]
26 - GENERAL DISCUSSION [Seite 426]
27 - AUTHOR INDEX TO PAPERS [Seite 435]
28 - SUBJECT INDEX [Seite 437]
29 - EULA [Seite 447]
