Applied Biochemistry and Bioengineering

List of ContributorsPrefaceContents of Volume 1Production of Intracellular Microbial Enzymes I. Introduction II. Choice of Microorganism III. Influence of Fermentation Conditions on Enzyme Synthesis IV. Scale-up of Enzyme Production V. Kinetics of Intracellular Enzyme Production VI. Continuous-Flow Enzyme Production VII. Influence of Fermentation Conditions on Enzyme Isolation VIII. Summary ReferencesProduction, Isolation, and Economics of Extracellular Enzymes I. Introduction II. History III. The Enzyme Industry IV. General Methods for Industrial Production of Extracellular Enzymes V. Standardization and Control VI. Proteolytic Enzymes VII. Amylolytic Enzymes VIII. Other Enzymes IX. Conclusion ReferencesExtraction and Purification of Enzymes Using Aqueous Two-Phase Systems I. Introduction II. Incompatibility of Polymers III. General Aspects of Aqueous Two-Phase Systems IV. Choice of a System V. Selection of Parameters VI. Influence of the Polymers VII. Influence of Ions Included in the Phase System VIII. Influence of Temperature IX. Influence of the Microorganism X. Technical Aspects of Extraction and Separation XI. Selectivity of Partition XII. Removal of Polymers XIII. Conclusions ReferencesGlucose Isomerase Production of High-Fructose Syrups I. Introduction II. Historical Perspective III. Glucose Isomerase IV. Commercial Glucose Isomerase Production and Immobilization V. Commercial Production of High-Fructose Corn Syrups VI. New and Continuing Developments ReferencesDevelopment of an Immobilized Glucose Isomerase for Industrial Application I. Introduction II. Glucose Isomerization Reaction III. Soluble Glucose Isomerase IV. Immobilized Glucose Isomerase V. Conclusion List of Symbols ReferencesStarch Hydrolysis with Soluble and Immobilized Glucoamylase I. Introduction II. Mode of Action III. Physical Properties IV. Reaction Mechanism V. Reaction of Natural Substrates VI. Potential Use of Immobilized Glucoamylase VII. Conclusion ReferencesIndustrial Applications of Immobilized Enzymes: A Commercial Overview I. Introduction II. Commercially Available Immobilized Enzyme Technology III. Glucose Isomerase IV. Glucose Isomerase versus Other Immobilized Systems V. Economic Considerations-Immobilized Enzyme Systems VI. Options Available for Immobilized Enzyme Development VII. Summary and Outlook ReferencesIndustrial Applications of Fiber-Entrapped Enzymes I. Introduction II. Aminoacylase III. Fumarase IV. Glucoamylase V. Glucose Isomerase VI. Hydantoinase VII. Invertase VIII. Lactase IX. Multienzyme Systems X. Penicillin Amidase XI. Tryptophan Synthetase XII. Miscellaneous ReferencesEnergy-Related Applications of Immobilized Enzymes I. Introduction II. Water Biophotolysis III. Bioelectrocatalysis and Electrode Processes Accelerated by Immobilized Enzymes IV. Conclusions ReferencesTransformation of Steroids by Immobilized Living Microorganisms I. Introduction II. Immobilization Methods III. Steroid-Converting Microorganisms Immobilized in Polyacrylamide IV. Steroid-Converting Microorganisms Immobilized in Calcium Alginate V. General Discussion ReferencesSubject Index