
Basic Electronics
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Content
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- Contents
- Introduction
- About the Authors
- Part I The Fundamentals
- Chapter 1 The Theory Behind Electricit y
- Atoms and Their Structure
- Electrons
- Conductors, Insulators, and Semiconductors
- Conductors
- Insulators
- Semiconductors
- Electron Flow Versus Hole Flow
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Chapter 2 How Electricity Works
- Circuits
- Electromotive Force or Voltage
- Current
- Resistance
- Ohm's Law
- Power
- Joule's Law
- Putting It All Together
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Lab 2-1: Constructing a Simple Circuit
- Chapter 3 Currents and Circuits
- Direct Current
- Alternating Current
- The War of Currents
- Waveforms
- Sine Wave
- Other Waveforms
- Phase
- Using Waves to Measure AC Voltage
- Direct Current Waveforms
- More About Circuits
- Circuit Diagrams
- Short Circuits
- Fuses and Circuit Breakers
- Serial and Parallel Circuits
- Learning the Language of Electronics
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Part II Your Workspace and Tools
- Chapters 4 Tools of the Trade
- Essential Hand Tools
- Essential Instruments
- Lab 4-1: Taking a DC Voltage Reading
- Lab 4-2: Taking an AC Voltage Reading
- Lab 4-3: Measuring Resistance
- Lab 4-4: Measuring Current
- Electronics Specialty Items
- Essential Safety Items
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Chatpers 5 Shop Setup and Safety
- A Clean, Well-Lit Workshop
- Claim Your Space
- Your Workbench
- Adequate Power
- Lighting
- Ventilation
- Storage
- Safety Equipment
- Good Work Habits Are Good Safety Habits
- Come Ready to Work
- Dress for the Job
- Be Neat and Work Deliberately
- Know How Electricity Flows
- First Aid for Electrical Shock
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Part III Electronic Components
- Chapter 6 Switches
- Switch Symbols
- Mechanical Switches
- Poles and Throws
- Lab 6-1: SPDT Switch
- Push-button Switches
- Knife Switches
- Bi-metal Switches
- Mercury Switches
- Other Mechanical Switches
- DIP Switches
- Electromagnetic Switches or Relays
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapters Review Questions
- Chapter 7 Resistors
- The Mighty Resistor
- Fixed-Value Resistors
- Resistor Color Codes and Power Ratings
- Reading the Code
- Power Ratings
- Surface Mount Resistors
- Single in Line Resistors
- Variable Reistors
- Kirchhoff 's Laws
- Calculating Resistance
- Lab 7-1: Using Ohm's & Kirchhoff 's Laws to Determine the Proper Resistor
- Resistors in Series Circuits
- Lab 7-2: Resistors in a Series Circuit
- Resistors in Parallel Circuits
- Lab 7-3: Resistors in a Parallel Circuit
- Voltage Division Circuits
- Lab 7-4: Voltage Division Using Fixed Value Resistors
- Lab 7-5: Voltage Division Using a Variable Resistor
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Chapter 8 Capacitors and Inductors
- How a Capacitor Works
- Farads
- Relative Permittivity
- Capacitor Ratings
- Nominal Value and Tolerance
- Temperature Coefficients
- Breakdown Voltage or DC Working Voltage
- Polarized Capacitor Types
- Electrolytic Capacitors
- Tantalum Capacitors
- Non-polarized Capacitor Types
- Variable Capacitors
- Capacitors in a Circuit
- Transient Time of Capacitors in a DC RC Circuit
- Lab 8-1: Charging Capacitance
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Chapter 9 Diodes
- How Diodes Work
- Types of Semiconductor Diodes
- Common Silicon Diodes
- Zener Diodes
- Schottky Diodes
- Power Rectifiers
- Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
- Photodiodes
- Handling Diodes
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Chapter 10 Transistors
- Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs)
- How Amplifiers Work
- BJTs Under Varying Voltages
- Gain
- Darlington Pairs
- Field Effect Transistors
- Lab 10-1: Using a Transistor to Amplify Current
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Chapter 11 Power Sources and Power Supplies
- Batteries
- How Batteries Produce Energy
- Primary vs. Secondary Batteries
- Voltages in Batteries
- Lab 11-1: Making a Potato Battery
- Batteries in Series and in Parallel
- Amp-hours
- AC-to-DC Power Supplies
- Transformers
- Variable DC Power Supplies
- Uninterruptible Power Supplies
- Switched-Mode Power Supplies
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Part IV Getting to Work
- Chapter 12 Soldering
- Solder
- Lead-free Solder
- Flux
- Soldering Iron and Tips
- Heat Sink
- Circuit Boards
- Printed Circuit Boards
- Prepping for Soldering
- Place the Items on the Board
- Prepare Your Soldering Iron
- Soldering Technique
- Desoldering
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Chapter 13 Constructing A Power Supply
- Power Supply Kit and Construction
- Safety First
- Powering On
- Getting Acquainted with Your Power Supply
- Creating a Positive DC Wave
- Seeing Caps and Voltage Regulators in Action
- Using Your Variable DC Power Supply
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Part V Going Digital
- Chapter 14 Digital Theory
- The Idea Behind Digital Concepts
- Analog vs. Digital
- Truth Tables
- Binary Numbers
- Application to Electronics
- Logic Gates
- Lab 14-1: AND Gate
- Lab 14-2: OR Gate
- A Revolution Requiring Attention to Detail
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Chapter 15 Integrated Circuits
- Analog ICs
- Digital ICs
- Flip-flops
- 555 and 556 Timers
- Counters
- Encoders and Decoders
- Mixed Signal ICs
- Lab 15-1: Building a Decoder Circuit, Part 1
- Lab 15-2: Building a Decoder Circuit, Part 2
- Lab 15-3: Guitar Amplifier
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Chapter 16 Memory
- Digital vs. Analog Memory Storage
- Parity Bits and Other Error Detection
- Hexadecimal
- Data and Address
- The Von Neumann Computer Model
- Memory Registers
- Writing and Reading
- Volatile and Nonvolatile Memory
- Storage Media
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Chapter 17 Microcontrollers
- What Are Microcontrollers?
- Microcontroller Components
- Inputs/Outputs
- Programming Microcontrollers
- Microcontrollers for Hobbyists
- Open Source Hardware
- The Arduino Microcontroller Platform
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Part VI Electronics in Practice
- Chapter 18 Motors and Controllers
- Brushed DC Motors
- Brushless DC Motors
- Stepper Motors
- Servo Motors
- Controllers
- Pulse Width Modulation
- H-bridge
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Chapter 19 Sensors
- What Is a Sensor?
- Electronic Sensors
- Accelerometers
- Digital Compasses or Magnetometers
- Light and Color Sensors
- Microphones
- Alcohol and Other Environmental Gas Sensors
- GPS Sensors
- The Least You Need to Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Chapter 20 Electronic Communication
- The Basics of Electronic Communication
- The Electromagnetic Spectrum, Revisited
- Radio Waves
- Microwaves
- Infrared
- Visible Light
- Ultraviolet, X-Rays, and Gamma Rays
- Encoding and Decoding a Signal
- Amplitude Modulation
- Frequency Modulation
- Phase Modulation
- Rasterization
- Lab 20-1: Building an FM Stereo Transmitter
- The Least You Should Know
- Chapter Review Questions
- Part VII Constructing a Robot and Using Raspberry Pi
- Chapter 21 Building Your Robot
- Shopping for Your Robot
- Get the Software You Need
- Connecting Your Arduino and Getting to Work
- Chapter 22 Getting Your Robot Moving
- Get Your Motor on Board
- Assembling the Motor Driver Shield
- Power It Up
- Programming Your Robot to Start and Stop
- Identifying the I/O Pins
- Assembling the Robot Platform
- Chapter 23 Adding Sensors to Your Robot
- Adding Collision Control
- The Ultrasonic Range Finder
- Lab 23: Sensing Distance
- Adding the Sensor to Your Robot
- Adding a Power Switch
- Planning and Writing the Code
- Arduino Code
- Letting Your Robot Roam
- Chapter 24 Using Raspberry Pi in Your Electronics Projects
- Setting up Your Raspberry Pi with an OS
- Adding Inputs and Outputs (I/O) to Your Pi
- Using the Python Command Shell
- Programming with Python on the Pi
- Programming a Button in Python
- Controlling an LED with the Button
- Chapter 25 More Raspberry Pi Labs
- Lab 25-1: Raspberry Pi DC Motor Lab
- Lab 25-2: Raspberry Pi Temperature Sensor
- Lab 25-3 Raspberry Pi DC Motor and Temperature Sensor Lab Combined
- Chapter 26 Cybersecurity and the Internet of Things (IoT) for Electronics Projects
- The Security Challenge
- Controlling the Risk
- Resources for Securing Your Device
- Security Is All of Our Responsibility
- Chapter Review Questions
- Appendix A Glossary
- Appendix B Timeline of Electronics
- Appendix C Mathematics for Electronics
- Appendix D Careers in Electronics
- Appendix E Resources
- Appendix F Answers for Odd-Numbered Questions
- Appendix G Lab Videos, Animations, and Supplementary Video Directory
- Index
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