Emotions of Animals and Humans
Description
This book takes a multidisciplinary approach to emotion, with contributions from biologists, psychologists, neuroscientists, robot engineers, and artists. A wide range of emotional phenomena is discussed, including the notion that humans' sophisticated sensibility, as evidenced by our aesthetic appreciation of the arts, is based at least in part on a basic emotional sensibility that is found in young children and perhaps even some non-human animal species. As a result, this book comprises a unique comparative perspective on the study of emotion. A number of chapters consider emotions in a variety of animal groups, including fish, birds, and mammals. Other chapters expand the scope of the book to humans and robots. Specific topics covered in these chapters run the gamut from lower-level emotional activity, such as emotional expression, to higher-level emotional activity, such as altruism, love, and aesthetics. Taken as a whole, the book presents manifold perspectives on emotion and provides a solid foundation for future multidisciplinary research on the nature of emotions.
Reviews / Votes
From the reviews:
"The interesting and intriguing title of this book will tempt readers who wish to broaden their personal perspectives. . The book focuses in particular on the nature of emotions and the possibility of emotions in preverbal children and nonverbal animals. . the book will be of real value as a platform for researchers to understand the individual perspectives . ." (D. J. Williams, ACM Computing Reviews, January, 2013)
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Content
- Intro
- Emotions of Animals and Humans
- Preface
- References
- Contents
- Part I: Emotion in Animals
- Chapter 1: Emotions Are at the Core of Individual Social Performance
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Common Mechanistic Grounds in Vertebrate Emotionality and Sociality
- 1.3 Conservative Vertebrate Brains
- 1.4 Coping with Stress: In the Context of Emotionality
- 1.5 Individuality, Temperament, Personality
- 1.6 Why Are Humans Drawn into Companionships with Animals?
- 1.7 Social Universials Allow for Social Relationships Between Humans and Their Companion Animals
- References
- Chapter 2: Hormonal Modulation of Aggression: With a Focus on Teleost Studies
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.1.1 Aggression in Fish
- 2.1.2 Approaches to Investigate Mechanisms of Emotional Behavior
- 2.2 Behavioral Effects of Peptide Hormones on Aggression
- 2.2.1 Teleosts
- 2.2.2 Birds
- 2.2.3 Rodents
- 2.2.4 Interspecific Comparison
- 2.3 Action Sites of Peptide Hormones in Teleosts
- 2.3.1 Peripheral Action
- 2.3.2 Central Action: Anatomical Studies
- 2.3.3 Central Action: Functional Studies
- 2.3.3.1 Telencephalon
- 2.3.3.2 Diencephalon/Midbrain
- 2.3.3.3 Hindbrain
- 2.4 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 3: Emotional Birds-Or Advanced Cognitive Processing?
- 3.1 The Four Studies
- 3.1.1 Object Permanence Experiment
- 3.1.2 Phonological Awareness
- 3.1.3 Insightful String Pulling
- 3.1.4 Numerical Tasks
- 3.2 Implications of the Data
- 3.3 Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 4: Why Do Dolphins Smile? A Comparative Perspective on Dolphin Emotions and Emotional Expressions
- 4.1 Animal Emotions?
- 4.2 Methods for Studying Animal Emotions
- 4.2.1 Physiological Measures
- 4.2.2 Behavioral Measures
- 4.2.3 Behavioral and Physiological Measures
- 4.2.4 Studying Emotions in Wild Populations
- 4.2.5 Animal Personality and Animal Emotion
- 4.3 Dolphin Emotions?
- 4.3.1 Dolphin Vocal Expressions of Emotions
- 4.3.2 Dolphin Use of Posture to Express Emotions
- 4.3.3 Touch as a Mode of Dolphin Emotional Expression?
- 4.3.4 Do Dolphins Grieve?
- 4.4 Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 5: Play and Emotion
- 5.1 Types of Play
- 5.2 Emotions and Play
- 5.3 Play Signals
- 5.3.1 Play Signals Vs. Playing with Signals
- 5.4 Benefits of Play
- 5.5 Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 6: The Use of Emotion Symbols in Language-Using Apes
- 6.1 Emotion and Language-Using Apes
- 6.2 Methods
- 6.2.1 Participants
- 6.2.1.1 Apes
- 6.2.1.2 Children
- 6.2.2 Data Collection
- 6.2.2.1 Apes
- Reliability for Data Collection
- 6.2.2.2 Children
- 6.2.3 Coding
- 6.2.4 Database
- 6.3 Results
- 6.3.1 Use and Comprehension of Internal State Words
- 6.3.2 Pragmatic Force and Co-Construction
- 6.3.2.1 Self- and Other-Reference
- 6.3.2.2 Past and Future Reference
- 6.3.2.3 Co-Construction
- 6.4 Discussion
- References
- Chapter 7: Animal Aesthetics from the Perspective of Comparative Cognition
- 7.1 From Experimental Aesthetics to Comparative Cognition of Art
- 7.2 Discriminative and Reinforcing Properties of Auditory Art
- 7.2.1 Reinforcing Property of Music for Animals
- 7.2.1.1 Primates
- 7.2.1.2 Rodents
- 7.2.1.3 Birds
- 7.2.1.4 Fish
- 7.2.2 Discriminative Stimulus Properties of Music
- 7.2.2.1 Primates
- 7.2.2.2 Rodents
- 7.2.2.3 Birds
- 7.2.2.4 Fish
- 7.2.3 Conclusion
- 7.3 Discriminative and Reinforcing Properties of Visual Art
- 7.3.1 Reinforcing Property of Visual Art
- 7.3.2 Discriminative Stimulus Property of Complex Visual Stimuli
- 7.3.3 Discriminative Property of Painting Style
- 7.3.4 Discrimination of "Beauty"
- 7.3.5 Strategy of Discrimination of Aesthetic Stimuli
- 7.3.6 Conclusion
- 7.4 Creation of Art
- 7.4.1 Motor Skills
- 7.4.2 Does Animal Art Symbolize Something Outside?
- 7.4.3 Functional Autonomy of Animal Art
- 7.4.4 Do Animals Enjoy their Product?
- 7.5 Conclusion
- References
- Part II: Emotion in Humans
- Chapter 8: The Unique Human Capacity for Emotional Awareness: Psychological, Neuroanatomical, Comparative and Evolutionary Perspectives
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Theory of Levels of Emotional Awareness
- 8.3 Normative and Clinical Observations with the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale
- 8.4 A Model of the Neural Substrates of Implicit and Explicit Emotional Processes
- 8.5 Reflective Awareness
- 8.6 The Comparative Approach: A Caution
- 8.7 Emotions and Emotional Awareness in Nonhuman Primates
- 8.8 Naturalistic Behavior Observations
- 8.9 Experimental Studies
- 8.10 Neural Correlates
- 8.11 Discussion and Evolutionary Considerations
- References
- Chapter 9: The Development of Mentalizing and Emotion in Human Children
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 The Development of Mentalizing
- 9.3 Developmental Cybernetics
- 9.3.1 Inference of Robot Intention
- 9.3.2 False Belief of a Robot
- 9.3.3 Word Learning from a Robot
- 9.4 The Neural Basis of the Development of Mentalizing
- 9.5 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 10: Emotion, Personality, and the Frontal Lobe
- 10.1 Basic and Advanced Emotions
- 10.2 Functional Neuroanatomy of Advanced Emotion
- 10.3 Neural Substrates of "Theory of Mind"
- 10.4 Personality Change After Damage to the Frontal Lobe
- 10.5 Neuropsychological Investigations
- 10.6 Theory-of-Mind Performance After Brain Injury
- 10.7 Acquired Autism Trait After Medial Prefrontal Damage
- References
- Part III: Emotion, Consciousness and Memory
- Chapter 11: Origin and Evolution of Consciousness and Emotion: Has Consciousness Emerged from Episodic Memory?
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 What Is Evolution?
- 11.3 Evolutionary Journey of Control Systems Among Living Organisms
- 11.4 Acquisition of Episodic Memory Through Evolutionary Processes
- 11.5 Relationship Between Consciousness and Episodic Memory
- 11.6 Is the Phenomenon of Consciousness Evolutionarily Necessary?
- 11.7 Death Belongs to Evolution
- References
- Chapter 12: The Logic of Memory and the Memory of Logic: Relation with Emotion
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 Memory in the Flesh
- 12.3 Memory in the Genes
- 12.4 Binary Notation
- 12.5 From Computing to Biology
- 12.6 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 13: Conclusions: Emotions (and Feelings) Everywhere
- References
- Index
