Vitamins and Hormones
Academic Press
Published on 14. June 1971
615 pages
978-0-08-086625-3 (ISBN)
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Vitamins and Hormones
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06/1971
Academic Press
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Content
- Front Cover
- Vitamins and Hormones, Volume 28
- Copyright Page
- Contents
- Contributors to Volume 28
- Preface
- Chapter 1. The Progressive Increase in Estrogen Production in Human Pregnancy: An Appraisal of the Factors Responsible
- I. Summary
- II. Introduction
- III. Nomenclature
- IV. Quantitative Aspects
- V. Estrogen Biosynthesis in Pregnancy
- VI. Factors Influencing Androgen Production by the Fetal Adrenal
- VII. Factors Affecting the Concentration of Cortisol in the Fetal Plasma
- VIII. The Adrenal Cortex of the Fetus
- IX. Conclusion
- X. Discussion
- References
- Chapter 2. Insulin and the Pancreas
- I. Foreword
- II. Chemical Structure and Activity of Insulin
- III. Biosynthesis, Storage, and Secretion of Insulin
- IV. Metabolism of Islet Cells
- V. Factors Influencing Secretion of Insulin
- VI.Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 3. Regulation of Calcium Transport in Bone by Parathyroid Hormone
- I. Introduction
- II. Recent Studies of the Mode of Action of Parathyroid Hormone
- III. Comparison of Metabolic Effects Produced by Increased Calcium Ion Concentrations to Those Produced by Parathyroid Hormone
- IV. Calcium Homeostasis and Its Control by Parathyroid Hormone-A Model
- V. General Summary
- VI. Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 4. International Symposium on the Structures and Functions of Vitamin-Dependent Enzymes in Honor of Professor Hugo Theorell
- Introductory Remarks
- Text
- Tribute to Professor Theorell
- Text
- Historical Survey and Introductory Remarks
- Text
- Chapter 5. Structure and Catalytic Role of the Functional Groups of Aspartate Aminotransferase
- I. Introduction
- II. The Assembly of the Holoenzyme
- III. The Interaction between the Holoenzyme and the Substrate
- IV. The Quaternary Structure of the Enzyme
- V. Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 6. Isoenzymes of NAD and NADP Dependent Dehydrogenases
- I. Introduction
- II. Structure of Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes
- III. Function of the LDH Isoenzymes
- IV. Horse Liver Alcohol-Dehydrogenase (LADH) Isoenzymes
- V. Cytoplasmic and Mitochondria1 Malate Dehydrogenase (MDH)
- VI. Concluding Remarks
- References
- Chapter 7. Role of Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase in the Control of Fatty Acid Synthesis
- I. Introduction
- II. Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase as Key Enzyme for Fatty Acid Synthesis
- III. Control Mechanisms for the Amount of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
- IV. Control Mechanisms for the Activity of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
- V. Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 8. Binding of Pyridoxal Phosphate to Apoenzymes as Studied by Optical Rotatory Dispersion and Circular Dichroism
- I. Introduction
- II. General Considerations
- III. Interaction between Bovine Serum Albumin and Pyridoxal Derivatives: A Model System
- IV. Biodegradative Threonine Deaminase
- V. Other Pyridoxal Enzymes
- VI. Summing Up
- References
- Chapter 9. Analogs of Pyridoxal or Pyridoxal Phosphate: Relation of Structure to Binding with Apoenzymes and to Catalytic Activity
- I. Introduction
- II. Enzymatic Transamination of Free Pyridoxal and Its Analogs
- III. Binding and Coenzymatic Activity of Analogs of Pyridoxal Phosphate
- IV. General Comments and Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 10. Influences of Pyridoxine Derivatives on the Biosynthesis and Stability of Pyridoxal Phosphate Enzymes
- I. Introduction
- II. Effects of Pyridoxine Deficiency
- III. Effects of Injection of Pyridoxine
- IV. Effects of Pyridoxal Phosphate and Other Pyridoxine Derivatives on the Stability of Purified Enzymes
- V. General Summary
- References
- Chapter 11. Effect of Conformation on the Binding of Flavins to Flavoenzymes
- I. Introduction
- II. Nature of Binding
- III. Effect on Flavin Absorption Spectrum
- IV. Properties of Apoflavoproteins
- V. Metalloflavoproteins
- References
- Chapter 12. The Binding of NAD+ and NADH to Glyceraldehydephosphate Dehydrogenase
- I. Introduction
- II. Muscle Enzymes
- III. Yeast Enzyme
- References
- Chapter 13. The Role of Phosphopantetheine in the Yeast Fatty Acid Synthetase Complex
- I. Introduction
- II. Reaction Scheme of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis
- III. Substrate Binding Sites of the Multienzyme Complex
- IV. Isolation of the Acyl Carrier Protein
- V. Concluding Remarks
- References
- Chapter 14. Tricarboxylic Acid Activator-Induced Changes at the Active Site of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
- I. Introduction
- II. Effect of Activator on the Partial Reactions of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylation
- III. Effect of Activator on the Environment of the Prosthetic Group
- IV. Effect of Activator on the Reactivity of the Carboxylated Biotin Prosthetic Group
- V. Discussion and Summation
- References
- Chapter 15. Thiamine Pyrophosphate-Catalyzed Enzymatic Decarboxylation of a-Oxo Acids
- I. Introduction
- II. Mechanism of Nonenzymatic Thiamine (Thiazolium) Catalysis
- III. Isolation of 2-a-Hydroxyalkyl Derivatives of Thiamine Pyrophosphate from Enzymatic Incubation Mixtures
- IV. Enzymatic Conversions of a-a-Hydroxyalkyl Derivatives of Thiamine Pyrophosphate
- V. Effects of Substituents at the Thiazolium Ring
- VI. Effects of Substituents at the Pyrimidine Ring
- VII. Groups Involved in Protein-Binding of Thiamine Pyrophosphate
- VIII. Properties and Effects of the Pyruvate Decarboxylase Protein
- IX. Structure and Function of a-Oxo Acid Dehydrogenase Complexes
- X. Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 16. Mechanism and Stereochemistry of Transamination
- I. Introduction
- II. Stereospecificity
- III. Reaction Specificity
- IV. Transamination
- References
- Chapter 17. Roles of Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid in Methionine Synthesis
- I. Background
- II. N5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine Cobalamin Methyltransferase (B12 Transmethylase)
- References
- Chapter 18. Chemical Properties of Flavins in Relation to Flavoprotein Catalysis
- I. Introduction
- II. Photophysical Properties of the Excited States
- III. Photochemical Properties of Flavin Excited States
- IV. Some Speculations about Flavin Binding
- References
- Chapter 19. Model Studies on Flavin-Dependent Oxidoreduction
- I. Introduction: What Is a "Model"?
- II. Flavin-Substrate Complexes : Model Reactions of Flavin-Dependent Substrate Dehydrogenation
- III. Flavin "Model" Radicals : Biologically Essential and Nonessential Flavosemiquinones
- IV. Flavin-Dependent O2-Activation: Discussion of Models and Nonmodels
- References
- Chapter 20. Flavin-Radical-Metal Chelates
- I. Introduction
- II. Chelate Stability.
- III. Electron Spin Resonance.
- IV. Electron Nuclear Double Resonance (ENDOR)
- V. Light Absorption
- VI. Paramagnetic Susceptibility
- VII. Some Concluding Remarks
- References
- Chapter 21. The Existence of Nonfunctional Active Sites in Milk Xanthine Oxidase
- Reaction with Functional Active Site Inhibitors
- I. Introduction
- II. Materials and Methods
- III. Results and Discussion
- References
- Chapter 22. Quinones and Nicotinamide Nucleotides Associated with Electron Transfer
- I. General Aspects
- II. The Redox State of Nicotinamide Nucleotides in Mitochondria
- III. Ubiquinone in Mitochondria1 Electron Transport
- IV. The Function of Ubiquinone and Menaquinone in Bacteria
- References
- Au Revoir
- Text
- Author Index
- Subject Index
