Systems Engineering for the Digital Age
Description
Comprehensive resource presenting methods, processes, and tools relating to the digital and model-based transformation from both technical and management views
Systems Engineering for the Digital Age: Practitioner Perspectives covers methods and tools that are made possible by the latest developments in computational modeling, descriptive modeling languages, semantic web technologies, and describes how they can be integrated into existing systems engineering practice, how best to manage their use, and how to help train and educate systems engineers of today and the future. This book explains how digital models can be leveraged for enhancing engineering trades, systems risk and maturity, and the design of safe, secure, and resilient systems, providing an update on the methods, processes, and tools to synthesize, analyze, and make decisions in management, mission engineering, and system of systems.
Composed of nine chapters, the book covers digital and model-based methods, digital engineering, agile systems engineering, improving system risk, and more, representing the latest insights from research in topics related to systems engineering for complicated and complex systems and system-of-systems. Based on validated research conducted via the Systems Engineering Research Center (SERC), this book provides the reader a set of pragmatic concepts, methods, models, methodologies, and tools to aid the development of digital engineering capability within their organization.
Systems Engineering for the Digital Age: Practitioner Perspectives includes information on:
* Fundamentals of digital engineering, graphical concept of operations, and mission and systems engineering methods
* Transforming systems engineering through integrating M&S and digital thread, and interactive model centric systems engineering
* The OODA loop of value creation, digital engineering measures, and model and data verification and validation
* Digital engineering testbed, transformation, and implications on decision making processes, and architecting tradespace analysis in a digital engineering environment
* Expedited systems engineering for rapid capability and learning, and agile systems engineering framework
Based on results and insights from a research center and providing highly comprehensive coverage of the subject, Systems Engineering for the Digital Age: Practitioner Perspectives is written specifically for practicing engineers, program managers, and enterprise leadership, along with graduate students in related programs of study.
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Person
Dinesh Verma is the Executive Director of the Systems Engineering Research Center (SERC), the first University Affiliated Research Center established by the DoD for Systems Engineering Research. He is also a Professor in Systems Engineering at Stevens Institute of Technology as well as the Scientific Advisor to the Director of the Embedded Systems Institute in Eindhoven, Holland. He is a Fellow of INCOSE and Senior Member of SOLE.
Content
List of Contributors xxv
Preface xxix
Acknowledgment xxxi
Acronyms xxxiii
About the Companion Website xlv
Part I Transforming Engineering Through Digital and Model-Based Methods 1
Mark Blackburn
1 Fundamentals of Digital Engineering 3
Mark R. Blackburn and Timothy D. West
2 Mission and Systems Engineering Methods 25
Benjamin Kruse, Brian Chell, Timothy D. West, and Mark R. Blackburn
3 Transforming Systems Engineering Through Integrating Modeling and Simulation and the Digital Thread 47
Daniel Dunbar, Tom Hagedorn, Timothy D. West, Brian Chell, John Dzielski, and Mark R. Blackburn
4 Digital Engineering Visualization Technologies and Techniques 69
Brian Chell, Tom Hagedorn, Roger Jones, and Mark R. Blackburn
5 Interactive Model-Centric Systems Engineering 91
Donna H. Rhodes and Adam M. Ross
Part II Executing Digital Engineering 111
Jon Wade
6 Systems Engineering Transformation Through Digital Engineering 113
Jon Wade
7 Measuring Systems Engineering Progress Using Digital Engineering 137
Tom McDermott, Kaitlin Henderson, Eileen Van Aken, Alejandro Salado, and Joseph Bradley
8 Digital Engineering Implications on Decision-Making Processes 149
Samuel Kovacic, Mustafa Canan, Jiang Li, and Andres Sousa-Poza
9 Expedited Systems Engineering for Rapid Capability 175
John M. Colombi
10 Scaling Agile Principles to an Enterprise 201
Michael Orosz, Brian Duffy, Craig Charlton, Hector Saunders, and Michael Shih
11 System Behavior Specification Verification and Validation (V&V) 219
Kristin Giammarco
12 Digital Engineering Transformation: A Case Study 241
Cesare Guariniello, Waterloo Tsutsui, Dalia Bekdache, and Dan DeLaurenits
Part III Tradespace Analysis in a Digital Engineering Ecosystem -- Context and Implications 267
Val Sitterle
13 A Landscape of Trades: The Importance of Process, Ilities, and Practice 269
Valerie B. Sitterle and Gary Witus
14 Architecting a Tradespace Analysis Framework in a Digital Engineering Environment 293
Daniel Browne, Santiago Balestrini-Robinson, and David Fullmer
15 Set-Based Design: Foundations for Practice 317
Shawn Dullen and Dinesh Verma
16 Exploiting Formal Modeling in Resilient System Design: Key Concepts, Current Practice, and Innovative Approach 339
Azad M. Madni and Michael Sievers
17 Augmented Intelligence: A Human Productivity and Performance Amplifier in Systems Engineering and Engineered Human--Machine Systems 375
Azad M. Madni
Part IV Evaluating and Improving System Risk 393
Nicole Hutchison
18 Complexity and Risk in Systems Engineering 395
Roshanak R. Nilchiani
19 Technical Debt in the Engineering of Complex Systems 419
Ye Yang and Dinesh Verma
20 Risk and System Maturity: TRLs and SRLs in Risk Management 435
Brian Sauser
21 Managing Risk 463
Michael Orosz
Part V Model-Based Design of Safety, Security, and Resilience Systems 471
Tom McDermott
22 Concepts of Trust and Resilience in Cyber-Physical Systems 473
Thomas McDermott, Megan M. Clifford, and Valerie B. Sitterle
23 Introduction to STPA-Sec 489
Cody Fleming
24 The "Mission Aware" Concept for Design of Cyber-Resilience 507
Peter A. Beling, Megan M. Clifford, Tim Sherburne, Tom McDermott, and Barry M. Horowitz
25 The "FOREST" Concept and Meta-Model for Lifecycle Evaluation of Resilience 523
Tim Sherburne, Megan M. Clifford, Barry M. Horowitiz, Tom McDermott, and Peter A. Beling
26 The Cyber Security Requirements Methodology and Meta-Model for Design of Cyber-Resilience 539
Tim Sherburne, Megan M. Clifford, Barry M. Horowitz, and Peter A. Beling
27 Implementation Example: Silverfish 555
Tim Sherburne, Megan M. Clifford, and Peter A. Beling
Part VI Analytic Methods for Design and Analysis of Missions and Systems-of-Systems 581
Dan DeLaurenits
28 Unique Challenges in System of Systems Analysis, Architecting, and Engineering 583
Judith Dahmann and Dan DeLaurenits
29 System of Systems Analytic Workbench 601
Cesare Guariniello, Payuna Uday, Waterloo Tsutsui, and Karen Marais
30 Computational Intelligence Approach to SoS Architecting and Analysis 637
Cihan Dagli, Richard Threlkeld, and Lirim Ashiku
31 Unique Challenges in Mission Engineering and Technology Integration 665
Michael Orosz, Brian Duffy, Craig Charlton, Hector Saunders, and Ellins Thomas
32 Reference Architecture: An Integration and Interoperability-Driven Framework 683
Joel S. Patton and James D. Moreland
33 Mission Engineering Competency Framework 697
Gregg Vesonder and Nicole Hutchison
Part VII Applying Systems Engineering to Enterprise Systems and Portfolio Management 713
Dan DeLaurenits
34 Central Challenges in Modeling and Analyzing Enterprises as Systems 715
William B. Rouse
35 Methods for Integrating Dynamic Requirements and Emerging Technologies 729
William B. Rouse and Dinesh Verma
36 Portfolio Management and Optimization for System of Systems 747
Frank Patterson, David Fullmer, Daniel Browne, and Santiago Balestrini-Robinson
37 Assessing Benefits of Modularity in Missions and System of Systems 775
Navindran Davendralingam, Cesare Guariniello, and Lu Xiao
Part VIII Systems Education and Competencies in the Age of Digital Engineering, Convergence, and AI 789
Nicole Hutchison
38 Using the Systems Engineering Body of Knowledge (SEBoK) 791
Nicole Hutchison, Art Pyster, and Rob Cloutier
39 Understanding Critical Skills for Systems Engineers 805
Nicole Hutchison
40 Evolving University Programs on Systems Engineering 817
Paul T. Grogan
41 Evolving University Programs for the Other 95% of Engineers: A Capstone Marketplace 827
William Shepherd
Index 843
Acronyms
Acronym Meaning 6DOF Six degrees of freedom A&S Acquisition and sustainment AADL Architecture analysis and design language AARP American Association of Retired Persons AAS Advanced automation system ABM Agent-based models ACAT Acquisition category ADP Approximate dynamic programming AFD Assessment flow diagram AFRL US Air Force Research Lab AFSIM Advanced framework for simulation integration and modeling AGE-MOEA Adaptive evolutionary algorithm based on non-Euclidean geometry for many objective optimization AHP Analytical hierarchy process AI Artificial intelligence AI4SE Artificial intelligence methods and tools within systems engineering AIA Aerospace Industries Association AIAA American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics AIRC Acquisition Innovation Research Center ALT Acquisition, logistics, and technology AM Additive manufacturing ANSYS Analysis system API Application programming interface APPEL Academy of Program/Project and Engineering Leadership APS Active protection system AR Augmented reality ARDEC Armament Research Development and Engineering Center ART Agile release train ASA Assistant Secretary of the Army ASEE American Society for Engineering Education ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASOT Better accessibility of information AST Authoritative source of truth ASuW Anti-surface warfare ASW Anti-submarine warfare AT Assistive technologies AT&L Acquisition Technology and Logistics ATR Automatic target recognition AugI Augmented intelligence AV Architectural view AWB Analytic workbench AZ Azimuth B.Eng. or BE Bachelor of Engineering BS Bachelor of Science B2B Business-to-business BA Barabási-Albert BATNA Best alternative to a negotiated agreement BFO Basic formal ontology BPMN Business process modeling notation BWA Biological warfare agent CA Competitive advantage CAD Computer-aided design CAPEC Common attack pattern enumeration and classification CAS Complex adaptive systems CASA Center for Adaptive Systems Applications CASE Complex adaptive situations environment CASoS Complex adaptive system of systems CATIA Computer-aided three-dimensional application/analysis CBA Cost-benefit analysis CBM Condition-based maintenance CBN Causal Bayesian Network CBT&E Capability-based test and evaluation CCO Common core ontologies CD Continuous delivery CDD Capability development document CDR Critical design review CDRLs Contract data requirements lists CEP Circular error probability CESUN Council of Engineering Systems Universities Cf Consequence of failure CFD Computational fluid dynamics CFM Cryogenic fluid management CI Configuration items CI Continuous integration CID Continuous iterative development CM Configuration management CNC Computer numerical control COCOTS Constructive cost model for commercial-off-the-shelf COMPASS Comprehensive modelling for advanced system of systems CONOPs Concept of operations CorBoK Core body of knowledge COSYSMO Constructive systems engineering cost model COTS Commercial-off-the-shelf CPS Cyber physical systems CPT Classical probability theory CPU Central processing unit CR Change request CRACK Collaborative representative authorized committed knowledgeable CRWS Cyber resilient weapon system CSAR Combat search and rescue CSP Constraint satisfaction problem CSRM Cyber security requirements methodology CSV Comma separated variables CTD Contribution to design CTEs Critical technology elements CTIs Critical technology integrations CTO Chief technology officer CV Capability viewpoint CVaR Conditional value at risk CVE Common vulnerability exposures CWE Common weakness enumeration CYBOK Cyber body of knowledge D.Eng. Doctor of Engineering DALs Design assurance levels DANSE Designing for adaptability and evolution in system of systems engineering DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency DAS Defense acquisition system DASD Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense DAU Defense Acquisition University DbC Design by contract DCTO(MC) Deputy CTO for mission capabilities DE Digital engineering DECF Digital Engineering Competency Framework DEE Digital engineering environment DEFII Digital engineering framework for integration and interoperability DESEP DE systems engineering plan DESM Digital engineering success measure DESOW Digital engineering statement of work DETAF Digital engineering tradespace analysis framework DEVCOM Combat capabilities development command ... DHS Department of Homeland Security
