
Geo-Information Technology in Earth Resources Monitoring and Management
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Content
- Intro
- Contents
- Preface
- Acknowledgment
- Chapter 1
- Land Cover Mapping Using Sentinel and Landsat Data: Potential and Challenges in the Context of the National Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Bulgaria
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Data and Methods
- Study Area
- Classification System and Class Definitions
- Reference Data Collection
- Satellite Data Pre-Processing
- Pre-Processing of Landsat 7 and Landsat 8
- Pre-Processing of Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-1
- Classification, Accuracy Assessment and Area Estimation
- Results
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 2
- Recent Trends of Urban Expansion and Consequent Land Transformations: An Appraisal of Asansol City, West Bengal
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Brief Literature Review and the Relevance of the Present Study
- 3. The Study Area: Geo-Physical Setting and History of Development
- 4. Materials and Methods
- 4.1. Acquisition of Data
- 4.2. Method for LULC Classification
- 4.3. Methods for Accuracy Assessment
- 4.4. Methods for Computing Change Detection Indices
- 4.5. Methods for Estimating the Dynamics of LULC Classes
- 4.6. Methods for Future Prediction of LULC
- 5. Results and Discussion
- 5.1. Spatiotemporal Changes in Built-up Space: Speed and Intensity of Urbanization
- 5.2. Changing Scenario of Land Transformation: Magnitude, Rate and Nature of Changes
- 5.3. Future Prediction of Urban Expansion and LULC Status
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgment
- Conflict of Interest
- References
- Annexure
- Chapter 3
- Changing Trends of Land Surface Temperature in Relation to Land Use Land Cover of Delhi, India
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Study Area
- 3. Data and Material Used
- 3.1. Satellite Image Specifications
- 4. Methodolgy
- 4.1. Normalized Difference of Vegetation Index (NDVI)
- 4.2. Normalized Differential Built-Up Index (NDBI)
- 4.3. Estimation of Land Surface Temperature
- Step 1 - Calculation of Radiance of Band 10 and Band 11(for Landsat 8)/Band 6 (for Landsat 5) using Equation 3
- Step 2 - Calculation of Satellite Brightness Temperature of Band 10 and Band11/BAND 6 by Means of Equation 4
- Step 3 - Calculation of Proportional Vegetation (Pv) using NDVI Values in Equation 5
- Step 4 - Calculation of Land Surface Emissivity (LSE) by Applying Equation 6
- Step 5- Calculation of Land Surface Temperature (LST) by Executing Equation 7
- 4.4. Preparation of LULC Map
- 4.5. Urban Heat Island (UHI)
- 4.6. Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTFVI)
- 5. Results and Discussions
- 5.1. Spatial Analysis of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
- 5.2. Spatial Analysis of Normalized Difference Built-Up Index
- 5.3. Spatial Analysis of Land Surface Temperature (LST)
- 5.4. Relationship of LST with NDVI and NDBI
- 5.5. LULC Map of Delhi
- 5.6. Spatio-Temporal Relationship between LST and NDVI LULC Wise
- 5.7. Spatio-Temporal Relationship between LST and NDBI LULC Wise
- 5.8. Urban Heat Island (UHI) of Delhi
- 5.9. Ecological Evaluation of Delhi Using UTFVI
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 4
- Spatio Temporal Analysis of Air Quality of Udaipur and Its Relation with Land Surface Temperature before and during Covid -19 Pandemic
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Study Area
- 3. Methodology
- 3.1. Ground Station-Based Data
- 3.2. Satellite Station-Based Data (Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS)
- 3.3. Spatial Analysis
- 3.4. Land Surface Temperature
- 3.5. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
- 4. Results and Discussion
- 4.1. Spatial Interpolation Analysis
- 4.2. Land Surface Temperature (LST)
- 4.3. Air Quality Maps Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 5
- Characteristics of Atmospheric Aerosol over Indo-Gangetic Basin: Trend, Origin of Sources and Impact on Climate
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 2. In-Situ and Satellite Measurements
- 2.1. AERONET Based Measurements
- 2.2. MICROTOPS-II Sunphotometer Based Measurements
- 3. Variability of AOD over IGB Region
- 4. Comparison of AODS Measured by In-Situ and Satellite Data
- 5. Meteorological Parameters
- 6. Correlation Analysis between AOD Derived from MICROTOPS-II, AERONET and MODIS
- 7. Sources of Aerosols
- 8. Climate Impacts of Aerosols
- 9. Conclusion
- 10. Acknowledgment
- 11. References
- Chapter 6
- Analysing Urban Landscape Changes with Multi-Sensor Datasets on a Temporal Scale
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Study Area
- 3. Data Used
- 4. Methodology
- 4.1. LULC Change Detection
- 4.2. Estimation of NDBI for All the Raster Datasets
- 4.3. Estimation of LST
- 5. Results, Discussions and Data Analysis
- 5.1. Results for the Year 1993
- 5.2. Results for the Year 2002
- 5.3. Results for the Year 2020
- 5.4. Area Analysis
- 5.5. Discussion
- 5.6. Normalized Difference Built-Up (NDBI)
- 5.7. Land Surface Temperature (LST)
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 7
- Assessment of the Spatio-Temporal Variation of Biophysical Indices in the Spectral Delineation of the Urban Green Cover: A Case Study from Ranchi
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Study Area
- 3. Materials and Methods
- 3.1. Data Used
- 3.2. Indices Used to Measure Biophysical Characteristics
- 3.3. Generation of Land Use/Land Cover Map
- 4. Results and Discussions
- Conclusion
- Future Scope and Recommendations
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 8
- RS-GIS Application in Designing Sustainable Land Use Pattern of Killi Ar, Sub-Basin of Karamana River, Kerala
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Study Area
- Materials and Methods
- 2. About Our Research
- 2.1. Land Use Changes That Occurred During 1989 to 2020
- 2.2. Land Use Changes in Different Terrain Units
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 9
- A Remote Sensing and GIS Approach to Create 3D Building Model Using Cartosat-1 Imagery: A Case Study from Oshiwara City, Mumbai
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Photogrammetry Relationship Studies and Modelling 3D City
- Build Ground Images 3D City Model
- Objectives
- Study Area
- Data Used
- Cartosat-1
- Sentinel 2
- Software Used
- Methodology
- DEM Creation and DTM Extraction
- Orthorectification
- DHM Generation and 3D Model Construction
- Interpretation of DTM and DSM
- Building Height Calculation
- Creation of Land Use/Land Cover Data of Oshiwara Region
- Results and Discussion
- 3D Model City
- Land Use and Land Cover Classification
- Data Validation
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 10
- Identification of New Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Sites Using Integrated GIS-MCDM Techniques - A Review
- Abstract
- Introduction to Landfill Site Suitability
- Geographical Information System
- Multi-Criteria Decision Making
- Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP)
- Fuzzy AHP
- Other MCDM Methods
- Criteria for LSS
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 11
- Challenges of Urban Basic Infrastructure in Gated Societies of Greater Faridabad, India and Application of IOT in Smart Governance: Way forward to Sustainable Development Goals
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Study Area
- 1.2. Methodology
- 1.3. Significance of Study
- 2. Results and Discussions
- 2.1. Statistical Testing
- 2.2. Analysis of Application of IOT in Smart Governance in Greater Faridabad
- 2.3. Issue of Coordination
- 3. SWOT Analysis of IOT Capable Greater Faridabad
- 3.1. Way Forward to Sustainable Development
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 12
- Characteristics and Nutrient Status of Limestone Soils in Leyte and Samar, Philippines
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Materials and Methods
- Study Site
- Soil Profile Description and Sampling
- Soil Physicochemical Characteristics
- Soil Classification
- Results and Discussion
- Environmental Characteristics of Limestone Soils
- Morphological and Physical Characteristics
- Chemical Characteristics
- Soil Classification
- Soil Fertility Status
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgment
- References
- Chapter 13
- Remote Sensing-Based Agricultural Drought Monitoring - A Review
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Precipitation Monitoring
- 3. Evapotranspiration Monitoring
- 4. Vegetation and Soil Moisture Monitoring
- 4.1. Passive Multispectral Remote Sensing Approaches
- 4.2. Microwave Remote Sensing Approaches
- 5. Integrated Approaches to Drought Monitoring
- 6. Past Challenges & Future Opportunities
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 14
- Application of Meteorological and Vegetation Indices for Monitoring of Drought Condition Using Geospatial Techniques and Statistical Approach in the Semi Arid Regions of Rajasthan, India
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Study Area
- 3. Materials
- 3.1. Remote Sensing Data
- 3.1.1. Landsat 8
- 3.1.2. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
- 3.1.3. Land Surface Temperature (LST)
- 3.1.4. Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)
- 4. Methodology
- 4.1. Land Use Land Cover (LULC)
- 4.2. Vegetation Condition Index (VCI)
- 4.3. Temperature Condition Index (TCI)
- 4.4. Precipitation Condition Index (PCI)
- 5. Results and Discussion
- 5.1. Land Use and Land Cover
- 5.2. Statistical Analysis between VCI, PCI and TCI Value (Linear Regression)
- 5.2.1. Linear Regression between PCI and VCI (Years 2018-19)
- 5.2.2. Linear Regression between VCI &LST (Years 2018-2019)
- 5.3. Spatial Distributions of Medicinal Plants with Vegetation Cover (Forest Type)
- Conclusion
- Recommendation
- Acknowledgment
- References
- Chapter 15
- Evaluation of Remote Sensing Based Agricultural Drought Indicators for Crop Insurance
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Objectives and Scope of the Study
- 2. Background Work
- 2.1. Cropping Seasons in INDIA
- 2.2. Climate Change and Disasters
- 3. Droughts - Types and Impacts
- 3.1. Drought Cycle
- 3.2. Chronology of Droughts in India
- 3.3. Drought Monitoring and Management in India
- 3.4. Drought Declaration Mechanism in India
- 4. Study Area - Telangana State, India
- 5. Methodology
- 5.1. Indices
- 5.1.1. Generalized Monsoon Index (GMI)
- 5.1.2. Satellite-Derived Drought Index
- 6. Hybrid Satellite Agricultural Drought Indicator (HySADI)
- 7. Data Acquisition
- 7.1. Data-Preprocessing
- 8. HySADI Method for Monitoring Drought Condition
- 9. Results and Discussions
- 9.1. Calculations of GMIsw and GMIpct
- 10. Conclusion and Recommendation
- 10.1. Conclusion
- 10.2. Recommendations
- References
- Chapter 16
- Lessons from Central and Eastern Europe - Changes and Reasons of Renewable Energy Support Schemes
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Energy Policies
- 2.1. Main Types of Subsidies
- 3. Applied Subsidy Systems and Its Consequences
- 3.1. Bulgaria
- 3.2. Czech Republic
- 3.3. Slovakia
- 3.4. Slovenia
- 3.5. Romania
- 3.6. Poland
- 3.7. Hungary
- 3.8. Croatia
- 4. Beyond Subsidy - The Governance Factor
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgment
- References
- Chapter 17
- Application of Remote Sensing and GIS in Limnological Studies: A Case Study from Northwest Himalayan Lakes, India
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Study Area
- 3. Methodology
- 4. Discussion
- 4.1. Review on Application of Remote Sensing and GIS for Limnological Studies
- 4.2. Slope Factor Analysis for Sedimentation Rate
- 4.2.1. Sattal Lake
- 4.2.2. Rewalsar Lake
- 4.2.3. Renuka Lake
- 4.2.4. Naukuchiatal Lake
- 4.2.5. Nainital Lake
- 4.2.6. Mansar Lake
- 4.2.7. Bhimtal Lake
- 4.2.8. Manasbal Lake
- 4.3. Correlation between Degree of Slope and Sedimentation Rate
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgment
- References
- Chapter 18
- Identification of Locations for Artificial Recharge Structures Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques: A Case Study of Sitapur District
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Study Area
- Data Used
- Methodology
- Techniques of Data Analysis
- Procedures of Analysis
- Identification the Ground Water Prospect Zones from the Thematic Maps
- Estimation of the Area Coverage of the Ground Water Potential Zones
- Results and Discussion
- Drainage Network
- Lithology
- Geomorphology
- Slope Analysis
- Land Use/Cover
- Soil Type
- Structure/Lineament
- Rainfall
- Groundwater Potential Zones
- Proposed Recharge Structure
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 19
- The Application of Morphometric Parameters in River Watershed Management: A Case Study of Rihand River, India
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Regional Setting
- 3. Methodology
- 4. Morphometric Analysis of Rihand River
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 20
- Geospatial Distribution of Dar Zarrouk Parameters Resulting from Vertical Electrical Sounding in Dharangaon and Erandol Block of Jalgaon District, India
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Geological Setting of the Area
- 3. Methodology
- 4. Result and Discussion
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Editors' Contact Information
- Index
- Blank Page
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