
Rollover Accident Reconstruction
Description
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Content
- Cover
- Table of Contents
- Introduction
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 1 Vehicle Linear and Rotational Acceleration, Velocity, and Displacement during Staged Rollover Collisions
- Introduction
- Methodology
- Vehicles
- Sled
- Instrumentation
- Video
- Test Procedure
- Results
- Accelerometer Data Processing
- Discussion
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Appendix A
- Instrumentation
- Appendix B
- Buick Photographs
- Oldsmobile Photographs
- Pontiac Photographs
- Mercury Photographs
- Appendix C
- Buick Accelerometer Data
- Oldsmobile Accelerometer Data
- Pontiac Accelerometer Data
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 2 Rollover Crash Tests on Dirt: An Examination of Rollover Dynamics
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 3 A Method for Determining the Vehicle-to-Ground Contact Load during Laboratory-Based Rollover Tests
- Introduction
- Background
- (1) Method for Measurement of Dynamic Structural Deformation
- (2) Means to Monitor Vehicle-to-Ground Contact Load
- Methodology
- Generation of a FEA Model of the Test Vehicle
- Validation of the FEA Model
- Camera-Matching Video Analysis of Image
- Simulation Procedure
- Results
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 4 Vehicle and Occupant Responses in a Friction Trip Rollover Test
- Introduction
- Methodology
- Analysis of Impact Biomechanics
- Simulation of Vehicle and Occupant Kinematics Vehicle Motion Model
- Occupant and Restraint Kinematics Model
- Results
- Vehicle and Dummy Responses
- Responses at Peak Neck Compression
- Analysis of the Z-Axis Dynamics
- Simulation of Vehicle and Occupant Kinematics Vehicle Motion Model
- Discussion
- Effect of a Rigid Roof
- Improving Occupant Safety in a Rollover
- Dynamic Stiffness of the Hybrid III Neck
- Injury Mechanism
- References
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 5 Rollover Testing on an Actual Highway
- Introduction
- Loss of Control
- Tripping
- Rollover
- Objective
- Methods
- Rural Highway Testing
- General Test Procedure
- General Test Documentation
- Closed Test-Track
- Test Procedure
- Test Documentation
- Results
- Loss-of-Control Phase
- Tripping Phase
- Trip Velocity Extrapolation
- Trip Velocity Integration
- Rolling Phase
- Discussion
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References and Biblography
- Appendix Test #1 1996 Buick Skylark No-Roll
- Appendix Test #2 1996 Buick Skylark 6 Rolls
- Appendix Test #3 1984 AMC Eagle 3 Rolls
- Appendix Test #4 1987 Ford Taurus No-Roll
- Appendix Test #5 1987 Ford Taurus 1 Roll
- Appendix Test #6 1991 Ford Escort 8 Rolls
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 6 Review and Comparison of Published Rollover Test Results
- Introduction
- History and Description of RTD
- The NHTSA RTD History
- The NHTSA RTD Test Configuration
- Methodology
- Review and Analysis of NHTSA RTD Test Data
- Calculation Method for Determining Vehicle Average Deceleration
- Results
- Results of NHTSA RTD Rollover Crash Test Analysis
- Analysis of Rollover Data Other than NHTSA RTD Rollover Test Data
- Comparison of NHTSA RTD Rollover Test Data with Other Rollover Data
- Summary/Conclusions
- References
- Additional Sources
- Acknowledgments
- Appendix
- Appendix A Summary of Nhtsa Rollover Tests
- Appendix B Summary of Rollover Test Analysis
- Appendix C Graphs
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 7 Dynamic Response of Vehicle Roof Structure and ATD Neck Loading During Dolly Rollover Tests
- Introduction
- Forester Rollover Test Series: Overview
- Forester Test Series: Vehicle Setup
- Forester Test # 1: Dirt Surface
- Forester Test # 2: Concrete Surface
- Forester Test # 3: Dirt Surface
- Kinematics and Energy Analysis
- Conclusions
- References
- Acknowledgments
- Appendix A
- Forester Rollover Research Test Series Summary
- Forester Test #1 on Dirt
- Forester Test #2 on Concrete
- Forester Test #3 on Dirt With ATDS
- Appendix B
- Glass Fracture Analysis
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 8 Rollover Testing of Sport Utility Vehicles (SUVs) on an Actual Highway
- Introduction
- Objective
- Method
- General Test Procedure
- General Test Documentation
- Onboard Instrumentation
- Photographs and Video
- Measurements of Physical Evidence
- Results
- Loss-of-Control Phase
- Tripping Phase
- Rolling Phase
- Discussion
- Loss-of-Control Discussion
- Tripping Phase Discussion
- Rolling Phase Discussion
- Conclusions
- References
- Acknowledgments
- Appendix
- Notes
- 1996 Oldsmobile Bravada 10.5 Rolls Test #1
- 1991 Isuzu Rodeo 7.0 Rolls Test #2
- 1994 Nissan Pathfinder No Roll Test #3
- 1994 Nissan Pathfinder 3.5 Rolls Test #4
- 2002 Ford Explorer No Roll Test #5
- 2002 Ford Explorer 2.0 Rolls Test #6
- 1998 Ford Expedition 1.5 Rolls Test #7
- 1991 Mitsubishi Montero 8.5 Rolls Test #8
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 9 ATV Rollover Resistance: Testing of Side-By-Side ATV Rollover Initiations
- Introduction
- Experimental Methods
- Test Vehicle: Static Calculations
- Test Vehicle: Measuring Moments of Inertia
- Test Results: SSF and Inertias
- Test Procedure: Dynamic Testing
- Slowly Increasing Speed Maneuver
- Testing Results
- Discussion
- Tire Properties of RUVs
- Important Considerations Related to RUV Roll Initiation
- Summary/Conclusions
- References
- Acknowledgments
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 10 Evaluation of Dynamic Roof Deformation in Rollover Crash Tests
- Introduction
- Test Series Description
- Vehicle Instrumentation
- High-Speed Digital Motion Cameras
- Data Analysis
- Analysis of String Potentiometer Motion
- Determining Dynamic Roof Deformation by Trilateration
- Closed-Form Solution
- Numerical Methods
- Onboard 3D Photogrammetry
- String Potentiometer vs. 3D Photogrammetry Data
- Error Sources in Measurement
- String Potentiometers
- 3D Photogrammetry
- Post-Test Coordinate Measurements vs. End-of-Test Coordinate Locations
- Measurement Technique Limitations
- Conclusions
- References
- Acknowledgments
- Appendix
- Test Data
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 11 Comparing Dolly Rollover Testing to Steer-Induced Rollover Events for an Enhanced Understanding of Off-Road Rollover Dynamics
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results
- Peer Rollover Events
- Group A
- Group B
- Discussion
- Conclusions
- References
- Appendix
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 12 Rollover Crash Test Results: Steer-Induced Rollovers
- Introduction
- Prior Publication of Steer-Induced Rollover Tests
- Rollover Phases
- Roll Phase
- Rollover Drag Factor
- GPS Speed Sensor
- Methodology
- Test Setup
- Vehicle Preparation
- Crash Site Documentation
- Test Vehicle Documentation
- Rollover Reconstruction
- Rollover Phase Duration
- Over-The-Ground Speed Calculation
- Verification of GPS Sensor Speed Output
- Data Filtering
- Results
- Rollover Tests
- GPS Speed Output Verification Test
- Trip Point
- Discussion
- GPS Sensor Output Correction
- Average Drag Factors
- Bilinear Decelerations and Roll Rate Peak
- Trip Point
- Observations
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Appendix A
- Test Data
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 13 Rollover Testing of Recreational Off-Highway Vehicles (ROVs) for Accident Reconstruction
- Introduction
- Experimental Methods
- Test Vehicle Preparation
- Test Procedure
- Results
- Scratch Mark Analysis
- Summary/Conclusions
- References
- Acknowledgments
- Appendix
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 14 Rollover Initiation Simulations for Designing Rollover Initiation Test System (RITS)
- Introduction
- Method
- Vehicle Modeling
- Vehicle Validation
- Static Tests
- Dynamic Rollover Tests
- Effect of Initial Speed
- Monte Carlo Analysis
- RITS Overview
- RITS Simulation Set-Up
- Deceleration Pulse
- Required Acceleration
- Sensitivity Analysis
- Results
- Model Validation
- Effect of Initial Speed on Vehicle Kinematics
- Monte Carlo Analysis
- Touchdown Conditions vs. Required Acceleration
- Change of the Speed of the Sled and Tripping Time
- Touchdown Conditions vs. Deceleration Pulse
- Discussion
- Vehicle Model
- Effect of Initial Speed on Vehicle Kinematics
- Monte Carlo Analysis
- Ranges of Touchdown Parameters
- Touchdown Parameters vs. Required Acceleration
- Touchdown Parameters vs. Deceleration Pulse
- Conclusions
- References
- Acknowledgments
- Appendix
- Vehicle Testing
- Model Validation
- K&C validation
- Dynamic Rollover Test Validation
- VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 15 Rollover Testing of a Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV) with an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)
- Introduction
- Method
- General Test Procedure
- General Test Documentation
- Onboard Instrumentation
- Video and Photographs
- Measurements of Physical Evidence
- Results
- Pre-trip Phase
- Tripping Phase
- Rolling Phase
- Data Correlation
- Discussion of Results
- Positional Data
- Velocity Data
- Acceleration Data
- Angular Velocity Data
- Reconstruction Data
- Conclusions
- Methodology
- Documentation
- Instrumentation
- Rollover
- References
- Acknowledgments
- Definitions/Abbreviations
- Appendix
- About the Author
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