Event Data Recorder (EDR) Interpretation
1st Edition
Published on 30. November 2018
424 pages
978-0-7680-9527-2 (ISBN)
Description
The last ten years have seen explosive growth in the technology available to the collision analyst, changing the way reconstruction is practiced in fundamental ways. The greatest technological advances for the crash reconstruction community have come in the realms of photogrammetry and digital media analysis. The widespread use of scanning technology has facilitated the implementation of powerful new tools to digitize forensic data, create 3D models and visualize and analyze crash vehicles and environments. The introduction of unmanned aerial systems and standardization of crash data recorders to the crash reconstruction community have enhanced the ability of a crash analyst to visualize and model the components of a crash reconstruction. Because of the technological changes occurring in the industry, many SAE papers have been written to address the validation and use of new tools for collision reconstruction. Collision Reconstruction Methodologies Volumes 1-12 bring together seminal SAE technical papers surrounding advancements in the crash reconstruction field. Topics featured in the series include: Night Vision Study and Photogrammetry, Vehicle Event Data Recorders, Motorcycle, Heavy Vehicle, Bicycle and Pedestrian Accident Reconstruction. The goal is to provide the latest technologies and methodologies being introduced into collision reconstruction - appealing to crash analysts, consultants and safety engineers alike.
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Christopher D. Armstrong
Collision Reconstruction Methodologies Volume 7B
Event Data Recorder (EDR) Interpretation
Book
11/2018
SAE International
€202.04
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Content
- Cover
- Table of Contents
- Introduction
- VOLUME 7B: CHAPTER 1 Accuracy and Characteristics of 2012 Honda Event Data Recorders from Real-Time Replay of Controller Area Network (CAN) Traffic
- Introduction
- Literature Review
- Methodology
- Data Collection
- Nondeployment Event Generation
- CAN Replay Experiments
- Results and Discussion
- CAN Identifier Maps
- CAN Speed Accuracy Tests
- 2012 CR-V Normal Driving
- Civic Steady State
- CDR Reported Precrash and Crash Data
- 2012 CR-V Accuracy during Maximum ABS Braking
- 2012 Civic EDR Accuracy during Maximum ABS Braking
- Timing between 0 and -0.5 Data Points in the Precrash Data
- Dynamic Steering Maneuvers
- Conclusions
- Data Accuracy Testing Methodology
- 2012 CR-V Speed Data
- 2012 Civic Speed Data
- Other SRS Reported Data
- Acknowledgments
- Nomenclature
- References
- Appendix
- Appendix A: Honda Can Bus IDS
- Appendix B: Can Replay System Design
- Data Transformation and Storage
- Design Considerations for CAN Transmission
- Windows PC
- Real-Time Operation System
- Field Programmable Gate Array
- Replay Timing Feedback
- Software Implementation
- Appendix C: Time Adjustment for Civic Data
- VOLUME 7B: CHAPTER 2 Validation of Event Data Recorders in High Severity Full.Frontal Crash Tests
- Introduction
- Delta-V Accuracy
- Speed Data Accuracy
- Seatbelt Buckle Accuracy
- Objective
- Approach
- Development of the EDR Dataset
- Crash Test Instrumentation Selection
- Event Recording Complete Status
- Seatbelt Buckle Status
- Airbag Deployment
- Precrash Vehicle Speed
- Delta-V
- Time Zero Alignment
- Delta-V Alignment
- Results
- Seatbelt Buckle Status
- Airbag Deployment
- Pre-crash Vehicle Speed
- Delta-V
- Discussion
- Conclusions
- References
- Definitions/Abbreviations
- Appendix
- VOLUME 7B: CHAPTER 3 The Accuracy and Sensitivity of 2005 to 2008 Toyota Corolla Event Data Recorders in Low-Speed Collisions
- Introduction
- Methods
- Instrumentation
- Test Procedure
- Vehicle Tests
- Sled Tests
- Data Reduction
- Results
- Vehicle Tests
- Frontal Impacts
- Rear-End Impacts
- Sled Tests
- Vehicle Crash Pulse Replications
- Haversine Crash Pulses
- ACM Model
- Repeatability
- Trigger Event Overwriting Logic
- Discussion
- Conclusions
- References
- Acknowledgments
- Appendix
- VOLUME 7B: CHAPTER 4 Accuracy of Translations Obtained by 2013 GIT Tool on 2010-2012 Kia and Hyundai EDR Speed and Delta V Data in NCAP Tests
- Introduction
- Literature Search
- Kia and Hyundai Tool
- Methods
- Results
- Precrash Speed Data Time Series (Element 2-1)
- Longitudinal Delta V Time Series (Element 1-1)
- Maximum Longitudinal Delta V (Element 1-2)
- Time to Maximum Delta V (Element 1-3)
- Lateral Delta V Time Series (Element 1-4)
- MDB Tests
- Pole Tests
- Maximum Lateral Delta V (Element 1-5)
- Time to Max Lateral Delta V (Element 1-6)
- Time to Max Total Delta V (Element 1-7)
- Discussion
- Conclusions
- References
- Acknowledgments
- Definitions/Abbreviations
- Appendix
- Appendix 1 - Frontal Crash Test Longitudinal Delta V in EDR versus Reference
- Appendix 2 - Frontal Crash Test Speed Prior to Impact in EDR versus Reference
- Appendix 3 - EDR Memory Section 1 Elements "Stoplight Chart" by Test Type (Green Indicates Plausible, Yellow not Expected, Red Implausible for the Test)
- Appendix 4 - EDR Memory Section 2 Data Elements 1-16 by Test Type
- Appendix 5 - EDR Section 2 Elements 17-34 Stoplight Chart
- Appendix 6 - EDR Section 3 Data Elements And Current Data Stoplight Chart by Test Type
- Appendix 7
- Appendix 8 - Chart of Kia/Hyundai Models that were Tested in this Study versus Models Officially Supported by the EDR Tool
- Appendix 9 - Discussion of Other Data Elements
- Rollover (Element 1-8)
- Throttle Time Series (Element 2-2)
- Brake Time Series (Element 2-3)
- Ignition Cycles at Event (Element 2-4)
- Driver Belt Status (Element 2-5)
- Airbag Warning Light On (Element 2-6)
- Time to Deploy Frontal Driver Stage 1 (Element 2-7)
- Time to Deploy Frontal Passenger Stage 1 (Element 2-8)
- Event Number (Element 2-9)
- Time Between Events (Element 2-10)
- Event Recording Complete (Element 2-11)
- RPM Time Series (Element 2-12)
- ABS On/Off Time Series (Element 2-13)
- Stability Control On/Off Time Series (Element 2-14)
- Steering (Element 2-15)
- Passenger Belt Status (Element 2-16)
- Driver Seat Position Forward (Element 2-17)
- Passenger Seat Position Forward (Element 2-18)
- Driver Occupant Classification System (Element 2-19)
- Passenger Occupant Classification System (Element 2-20)
- Time to Deploy Driver Frontal Airbag St. 2 (Element 2-21)
- Time to Deploy Pass Frontal Airbag St. 2 (Element 2-22)
- Time to Deploy Driver Side Airbag (Element 2-23)
- Time to Deploy Passenger Side Airbag (Element 2-24)
- Time to Deploy Driver Side Curtain (Element 2-25)
- Time to Deploy Passenger Side Curtain (Element 2-26)
- Time to Deploy Driver Pretensioner (Element 2-27)
- Time to Deploy Passenger Pretensioner (Element 2-28)
- Driver 2nd Stage Airbag Disposal (Element 2-29)
- Driver 3rd Stage Airbag Disposal (Element 2-30)
- Passenger 2nd Stage Airbag Disposal (Element 2-31)
- Passenger 3rd Stage Airbag Disposal (Element 2-32)
- Time to Deploy Driver Stage 3 (Element 2-33)
- Time to Deploy Passenger Stage 3 (Element 2-34)
- Longitudinal Acceleration Time Series (Element 3-1)
- Lateral Acceleration Time Series (Element 3-2)
- Vertical Acceleration Time Series (Element 3-3)
- Ignition Cycles at Download (Real Time Element)
- Second Events
- Hex Data
- VOLUME 7B: CHAPTER 5 Validation of Event Data Recorders in Side-Impact Crash Tests
- Introduction
- Objective
- Approach
- Development of the EDR Dataset
- Event Recording Complete Status
- Crash Test Instrumentation Selection
- Delta-V
- Rotation Correction
- Time Zero Alignment
- Seatbelt Buckle Status
- Airbag Deployment
- Results
- Delta-V
- Seatbelt Buckle Status
- Airbag Deployment
- Discussion
- Conclusions
- References
- Acknowledgements
- Abbreviations
- Appendix
- VOLUME 7B: CHAPTER 6 Accuracy and Timing of 2013 Ford Flex Event Data Recorders
- Introduction
- Motivation
- Objective
- Literature Review
- Overview and Organization
- Procedure
- Driving Data Acquisition
- CAN ID Reverse Engineering
- Acceleration Sled Testing
- Results
- Steady State Speed Testing
- Speed Data During Hard Braking
- Pre-crash Stability Control Data: Longitudinal Acceleration
- Pre-crash Stability Control Data: Yaw Rate
- Pre-crash Stability Control Data: Lateral Acceleration
- Pre-crash Stability Control Data: Steering
- Delta V Data
- Accuracy Analysis
- Steady State Speed Data Testing
- Hard Braking Speed Data Testing
- Stability Control Data Testing
- Summary and Conclusions
- References
- Acknowledgments
- Definitions/Abbreviations
- Appendix
- VOLUME 7B: CHAPTER 7 Analysis of Crash Data from a 2012 Kia Soul Event Data Recorder
- Introduction
- Literature Review
- Test Vehicles
- Data Collection Procedure
- Methodology
- Test Series 1
- Test Series 2
- Results
- Test Series #1
- Test Series #2
- Discussion
- Conclusions
- References
- Acknowledgments
- Glossary
- VOLUME 7B: CHAPTER 8 EDR Pulse Component Vector Analysis
- Introduction
- Equipment
- HYGET Acceleration-Type Sled System
- Bosch CDR
- Subject EDRs
- Apparatus
- Procedure
- Initialization/Validation
- Testing
- Results
- Yaw Test Results
- Resultant Delta-V
- Apparent Yaw Angle
- RAM 1500 Delta-V Data Detail
- Pitch Test Results
- Discussion
- Summary/Conclusions
- Further Research Opportunities
- References
- Definitions/Abbreviations
- Appendix
- Appendix A
- Appendix B
- Appendix C
- VOLUME 7B: CHAPTER 9 Comparison of the Accuracy and Sensitivity of Generation 1, 2, and 3 Toyota Event Data Recorders in Low-Speed Collisions
- Introduction
- Methods
- ACMs
- Instrumentation
- Test Procedure
- Data Reduction and Analysis
- Results
- Repeatability
- Trigger Threshold
- Accuracy
- Discussion
- Conclusions
- References
- Acknowledgments
- Appendix
- Appendix A - Repeatability Data
- Appendix B - Trigger Threshold Data
- Appendix C - Full Model Regression Results
- Appendix D - Residuals
- VOLUME 7B: CHAPTER 10 Event Data Recorder (EDR) Developed by Toyota Motor Corporation
- Introduction
- EDRs Developed by Toyota
- Prior to EDR Regulations
- Compliance with EDR Regulations
- Addition of Pre-crash Data
- Post-crash Data Required for Crash Reconstruction
- Frontal Crash
- Additional Side Crash Data Recording
- Rollover Record
- Recording of PUH Pedestrian Protection System
- Recording by Non-crash Trigger
- Download Tool
- Automatic Collection of EDR Data
- Trial of Advanced Automatic Collision Notification System
- Conclusion
- References
- Appendix
- Appendix A - EDR Adoption Status in North America
- Appendix B - Downloaded PUH System EDR Data
- Appendix C - Trigger Items of VCH
- Appendix D - VCH Data Example (2014 IS)
- Appendix E - VCH Data Example (2014 IS)
- Appendix F - Collected EDR Data Example
- VOLUME 7B: CHAPTER 11 Longitudinal Delta V Offset Between Front and Rear Crashes in 2007 Toyota Yaris Generation 04 EDR
- Introduction
- Testing Scope and Methodology
- Results
- Analysis
- Discussion
- Summary/Conclusions
- References
- Acknowledgments
- Definitions/Abbreviations
- Appendix
- Appendix A
- Appendix B
- Appendix C
- Appendix D
- VOLUME 7B: CHAPTER 12 A Compendium of Passenger Vehicle Event Data Recorder Literature and Analysis of Validation Studies
- Introduction
- Body of Literature
- Data Selection
- Analysis: Precrash Data (Vehicle Speed)
- Other Precrash Studies Not Analyzed
- Analysis: Crash Data (Vehicle Velocity Change, ?V )
- Kia and Hyundai Vehicles Using the GIT Tool
- Studies: Evaluation of Event Data Recorders in Full Systems Crash Tests (Niehoff, 2005) and Preliminary Evaluation of Advanced Air Bag Field Performance Using Event Data Recorders (Gabler, 2008)
- Direct Contact Damage to the Module and Acceleration Clipping
- Small or Partial Overlap Testing
- Side Impact Testing
- Side Pole Impact Testing
- Impact and Velocity Change (?V ) Testing
- Automobile versus Pedestrian Testing
- Automobile versus Motorcycle Testing
- Low-Speed Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Vehicle-to-Barrier Testing
- Vehicle to Heavy Truck Rear Underride Guard Testing
- Crash Simulation Sled System Testing
- Studies of Event Data Recorders on Vehicles in Japanese NCAP Crash Tests
- Discussion
- Summary
- References
- Acknowledgments
- Appendix
- Appendix A - Bibliography (All Studies)
- Appendix B - Instrumented Testing Bibliography
- Appendix C - Papers By Make, Year, and Model
- Appendix D - Instrumented Testing Data Plots
- Appendix E - Instrumented Testing Raw Data
- VOLUME 7B: CHAPTER 13 An Analysis of EDR Data in Kawasaki Ninja 300 (EX300) Motorcycles
- Introduction
- Testing Details
- Data Triggering
- Pre-emergency Shut-Down Data
- Power Loss Issues
- Summary/Conclusions
- References
- Definitions/Abbreviations
- Appendix
- Appendix A: Sample EDR Event Data Table
- Appendix B: EDR Flow Chart
- About the Author
