
Davies: The State of Open Data
Description
Alles über E-Books | Antworten auf Fragen rund um E-Books, Kopierschutz und Dateiformate finden Sie in unserem Info- & Hilfebereich.
More details
Other editions
Additional editions

Content
- Cover
- Title page
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Acknowledgements
- Editorial Board
- Peer reviewers
- Environment scan and chapter contributors
- About the editors
- Foreword
- Introduction
- Histories and horizons
- The evolution of a movement
- Taking stock
- Looking to the future: An impending identity crisis
- A collaborative review: The approach
- Targeting the core stakeholders
- Endnotes
- SECTION 1. Open Data Sectors and Communities
- Introduction
- Open data sectors .
- . and communities
- Future states
- Endnotes
- Chapter 1 - Accountability and anti-corruption
- Key points
- Introduction
- Open data for accountability and anti-corruption
- Top down and bottom up access to data
- Moving from availability to use
- Moving from use to impact
- Reflections and the road ahead
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 2 - Agriculture
- Key points
- Introduction
- A value chain perspective
- Open data issues in agriculture
- Connecting stakeholders
- Standards
- Policy
- Ethics
- Capacity
- Looking ahead
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 3 - Corporate ownership
- Key points
- Introduction
- Progress, impacts, and challenges
- Progress: Data availability and technical infrastructure
- Progress: Policy and legislation
- Impacts: Markets for corporate data
- Impacts: Civil society users of open corporate data
- Challenges: Data quality
- Challenges: Data protection and useful data
- Conclusion
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 4 - Crime and justice
- Key points
- Introduction
- Lessons learned: Open crime and justice data
- Making crime and justice open data available
- The potential impact on social and economic development
- Conclusions
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 5 - Development assistance and humanitarian action
- Key points
- Introduction
- Background
- Progress
- Gaps
- (In)Consistencies in the supply of open data
- Data privacy, protection, and responsible use
- Technology and data literacy
- Data culture
- Evidence
- Conclusions and recommendations
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 6 - Education
- Key points
- Introduction
- Open data and the education landscape
- Open data about educational institutions
- Open data as an open educational resource
- Conclusion
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 7 - Environment
- Key points
- Introduction
- Earth, air, and water
- Open data and climate change
- Open data and air quality
- Open data and biodiversity
- Open data and water
- Opportunities and challenges
- Stakeholders and sustainability
- Collaboration, cooperation, and benefit sharing
- Standards
- Capacity
- Conclusion
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 8 - Extractives
- Key points
- Introduction
- Improving disclosure: Toward open data by default
- Putting mandatory disclosure data in action
- Demonstrating the value of data
- The wider data landscape
- Working with what is available
- Going deeper: Running the numbers
- The disruption of black box data services
- Telling the story: Investigations and journalism
- Research: Data, information, and action
- Looking ahead: Future frontiers
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 9 - Geospatial
- Key points
- Introduction
- Primer: An overview of open geospatial data
- Progress: Open geospatial data availability and infrastructure
- Challenges: IP, privacy, and standards
- Pitfalls and potential: From mapping to analysis
- Conclusion
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 10 - Government finances
- Key points
- Introduction
- The pioneers: Early steps to open financial data
- A growing community: Creating tools and capacity
- Ongoing challenges and developments
- Data quality
- Standards and interoperability
- Policy commitments
- User-engagement and capacity
- Conclusion: Looking to the future
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 11 - Health
- Key points
- Introduction
- The spectrum of stakeholders and data access
- The state of (open) health data
- Data availability and use: Laying the foundations
- Available but not accessible: (Missed) opportunities
- Ready for impact? Three key challenges
- Working with big data
- Information governance and regulatory frameworks
- From use to action
- Conclusion
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 12 - Land ownership
- Key points
- Introduction
- Cadastres and land registers
- Land deals
- Land use
- The land governance community
- Conclusion
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 13 - National statistics
- Key points
- Introduction
- National statistical offices, official statistics, and open data
- International progress on open data
- Key issues and challenges
- Current state of open data for national statistics?
- Additional resources are needed for national statistical systems
- Increasing political support for open data
- Demonstrating the value of data
- Conclusion
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 14 - Telecommunications
- Key points
- Introduction
- The potential of open data
- Fibre
- Spectrum
- Towers
- Backhaul pricing
- Conclusion
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 15 - Transport
- Key points
- Introduction
- From schedule data to advice on route planning
- Toward global coverage: The need for accessible data
- Mobility as a service: An emerging challenge
- Conclusion
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 16 - Urban development
- Key points
- Introduction
- Innovation: From experimentation to institutionalisation
- Data infrastructure: Ownership and interoperability
- Measurement and management: Seeing the city
- Resilience: Embracing citizen-generated urban data
- Taking stock and looking forward
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- SECTION 2. Issues in Open Data
- Introduction
- From raw data now to publishing with purpose
- Re-constructing data and openness
- New frontiers and lessons learned
- Endnotes
- Chapter 17 - Algorithms and artificial intelligence
- Key points
- Introduction
- Linked histories: Shaping data inputs, outputs, and environments
- Open data and algorithms in action
- Policy: Open data as an engine for AI growth
- Analysis: Algorithms unlocking open data value
- Adverse impacts: Addressing the data environment
- Open data and AI: Critical friends?
- Conclusion
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 18 - Data infrastructure
- Key points
- Introduction
- Defining data infrastructure
- Aspects of data infrastructure
- Identifying and describing data infrastructure
- The role of standards, identifiers, and registers
- Governance and trust
- People, processes, and progress
- Future directions
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 19 - Data literacy
- Key points
- Introduction
- What is (open) data literacy?
- Building open data literacy around the world
- What works? Where are the gaps?
- The future of open data literacy
- Conclusion
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 20 - Gender equity
- Key points
- Introduction
- From invisibility to awareness
- From awareness to action
- Access
- Representation
- Labour and leadership
- Conclusion
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 21 - Indigenous data sovereignty
- Key points
- Introduction
- Indigenous peoples
- Indigenous peoples and data
- Data collection: Invisibility and bias
- Data access, use, and interpretation
- Data ownership and appropriation
- Challenging the dominant data discourse
- Principle 1: Open by default
- Principle 5: Improved governance and citizen engagement
- Principle 6: Inclusive development and innovation
- Developing a new discourse
- Conclusions
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 22 - Measurement
- Key points
- Introduction
- Brief history of measurement and open data
- Stakeholders
- Methodologies
- Strengths and weaknesses of measurement tools
- Rankings
- Measuring data use to understand demand and impact
- Partnerships, replication of research, and collaborative learning
- Inclusion
- Conclusion
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 23 - Privacy
- Key points
- Introduction
- The shifting context for open data and privacy
- Key issues
- The definition of personal information
- The privacy/transparency balance
- Open data challenges
- Privacy issues and preparing open data for release
- Conclusion
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- SECTION 3. Open Data Stakeholders
- Introduction
- Mapping the stakeholders
- Institutionalisation, engagement, and sustainability
- Who's who?
- Stakeholder horizons
- Chapter 24 - Civil society
- Key points
- Introduction
- Key trends
- Fragmentation and ambiguity
- The capacity gap
- Unexpected challenges
- Better governance: Never say die
- Conclusion
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 25 - Donors and investors
- Key points
- Introduction
- Exploring the network of funding and support
- Resilience: Open data is becoming more mainstreamed into key sectors
- Diversity: Open data is an increasingly global and diverse movement
- Coherence: Key elements of the global open data infrastructure have emerged
- Building the field?
- The need for greater coordination
- Amid mainstreaming, who funds cross-cutting open data issues?
- Donor modalities: An orphaned donor agenda
- Conclusions
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 26 - Governments
- Key points
- Introduction
- The evolution of open data policy
- Initial exploration - making the case
- From experimentation to consolidation
- International efforts, shared policy, and common principles
- Institutionalising open data
- Embedding effective governance frameworks
- Conclusion
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 27 - Journalists and the media
- Key points
- Introduction
- History
- Expanding horizons
- Enduring challenges to the field
- The failure of data journalism to become just journalism
- The unfulfilled promise of automation
- Making the business case for data journalism
- Inclusion and accessibility for data-driven democracy
- Reusability and archiving
- Conclusion
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 28 - Multilateral organisations
- Key points
- Introduction
- The evolution of multilateral support for open data
- Lessons learned: Supporting open data ecosystems
- Open data maturity through alignment with other priority agendas
- Multilaterals can provide the medium- and long-term support needed for social and economic development impacts from open data
- Sustaining political will requires a strategic approach
- Working with National Statistical Offices (NSOs) is key to improving data quality in developing countries
- Increased focus is needed on data use
- Careful engagement with private sector investment can bring value, but risks of proprietary data should be addressed
- Looking ahead: The fourth industrial revolution
- Conclusion
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 29 - Private sector
- Key points
- Introduction
- How does the private sector engage with open data?
- The private sector as open data users
- The private sector as data intermediaries
- The private sector as data providers or collaborators
- Challenges and recommendations
- Conclusion
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 30 - Researchers
- Key points
- Introduction
- Shaping networks of research
- Funders in focus
- Standards, culture, and key influencers
- Fields and fora
- The state of research stakeholder networks: A snapshot
- Reshaping research: Challenges and opportunities
- Conclusion
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- SECTION 4. Open Data Around the World
- INTRODUCTION
- Different directions
- Common experience
- Shared futures
- Endnotes
- Chapter 31 - Eastern Europe and Central Asia
- Key points
- Introduction
- State of open data
- Early movers: Enabling environments and evolving practice
- E-government, open government, and economic agendas
- Open data in use: Focus and facilitation
- Investment in open data
- Looking ahead: Areas for growth
- Conclusion
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 32 - European Union
- Key points
- Introduction
- The European Union as regulator
- The Public Sector Information Directive
- INSPIRE Directive
- The Digital Single Market strategy
- The role of the EU as a funder
- Implementing PSI in national open data policies
- Open licensing
- The unfolding impact of the General Data Protection Regulation
- European open data infrastructure
- The open data ecosystem
- Cities
- Enterprise and private sector
- Non-profits and civil society
- Research and development
- A thriving ecosystem?
- Conclusion
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 33 - Latin America and the Caribbean
- Key points
- Introduction
- Latin America
- Community
- Policy
- Data use and users
- Knowledge
- The Caribbean
- A brief history: High demand and slow supply
- Unlocking potential: Future challenges
- Political commitment
- Key actors and intermediaries
- Capacity building
- Regional agenda, global connections
- Conclusion
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 34 - Middle East and North Africa
- Key points
- Introduction
- Data-driven innovation: Framing the open data debate
- Open and e-government: Digitalisation from the top down
- Innovation from universities and the private sector
- The challenges: Data scarcity, engagement, and capacity
- Data scarcity
- Engagement and uptake
- Capacity building
- Conclusion
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 35 - North America, Australia, and New Zealand
- Key points
- Introduction
- Signs of progress
- Internal usage
- Quality over quantity
- Emerging challenges
- Slowing or stagnating data publication
- The struggle to define success
- Uneven adoption within and across governments
- Reliance on local champions to build and sustain initiatives
- Citizen demand for data remains limited and highly concentrated
- Hidden benefits: Analytics and performance management
- Conclusion
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Key informant interviews
- Endnotes
- Chapter 36 - South, East, and Southeast Asia
- Key points
- Introduction
- Emerging trends
- Data availability is improving but limited
- Data use is increasing - but concentrated in high-income countries
- New civil society actors and networks are emerging
- CSO-led initiatives are increasing in number, but lack sustainability
- Open data outcomes exist, but solid evidence of impact is elusive
- Open data actors need to find ways to navigate political environments
- National initiatives still need to permeate to the local level
- Conclusions and looking ahead
- About the author
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Chapter 37 - Sub-Saharan Africa
- Key points
- Introduction
- The African open data ecosystem
- Government institutions
- Development partners
- Civil society organisations
- Private sector and academia
- Production and access to open data
- Production of open data
- Access to open data
- Key role for intermediaries in open data use
- Legal, economic, and political frameworks for open data
- Open data in the context of African development
- Partnerships for open data
- Outlook for open data in Sub-Saharan Africa
- About the authors
- How to cite this chapter
- Endnotes
- Conclusion and recommendations
- Meeting the challenges
- Analysis and recommendations
- Practitioners: Think politically and increase inclusion
- Policy-makers: Pick a problem to solve
- Researchers: Rebooting the research agenda
- Funders: Mainstreaming, movement building, and data literacy
- Looking over the horizon
- Endnotes
- Back cover
System requirements
File format: PDF
Copy-Protection: Adobe-DRM (Digital Rights Management)
System requirements:
- Computer (Windows; MacOS X; Linux): Install the free reader Adobe Digital Editions prior to download (see eBook Help).
- Tablet/smartphone (Android; iOS): Install the free app Adobe Digital Editions or the app PocketBook before downloading (see eBook Help).
- E-reader: Bookeen, Kobo, Pocketbook, Sony, Tolino and many more (only limited: Kindle).
The file format PDF always displays a book page identically on any hardware. This makes PDF suitable for complex layouts such as those used in textbooks and reference books (images, tables, columns, footnotes). Unfortunately, on the small screens of e-readers or smartphones, PDFs are rather annoying, requiring too much scrolling.
This eBook uses Adobe-DRM, a „hard” copy protection. If the necessary requirements are not met, unfortunately you will not be able to open the eBook. You will therefore need to prepare your reading hardware before downloading.
Please note: We strongly recommend that you authorise using your personal Adobe ID after installation of any reading software.
For more information, see our eBook Help page.