Concurrency in .NET

Name: Concurrency in .NET | Modern patterns of concurrent and parallel programming
Brand: Manning
Price: 49.44 EUR
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Modern patterns of concurrent and parallel programming

Riccardo Terrell(Author)

Manning (Publisher)

1st Edition

Published on 5. June 2018

568 pages

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978-1-63835-564-9 (ISBN)

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Summary

Concurrency in .NET teaches you how to build concurrent and scalable programs in .NET using the functional paradigm. This intermediate-level guide is aimed at developers, architects, and passionate computer programmers who are interested in writing code with improved speed and effectiveness by adopting a declarative and pain-free programming style.

Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications.

About the Technology

Unlock the incredible performance built into your multi-processor machines. Concurrent applications run faster because they spread work across processor cores, performing several tasks at the same time. Modern tools and techniques on the .NET platform, including parallel LINQ, functional programming, asynchronous programming, and the Task Parallel Library, offer powerful alternatives to traditional thread-based concurrency.

About the Book

Concurrency in .NET teaches you to write code that delivers the speed you need for performance-sensitive applications. Featuring examples in both C# and F#, this book guides you through concurrent and parallel designs that emphasize functional programming in theory and practice. You'll start with the foundations of concurrency and master essential techniques and design practices to optimize code running on modern multiprocessor systems.

What's Inside

The most important concurrency abstractions
Employing the agent programming model
Implementing real-time event-stream processing
Executing unbounded asynchronous operations
Best concurrent practices and patterns that apply to all platforms

About the Reader

For readers skilled with C# or F#.

About the Book

Riccardo Terrell is a seasoned software engineer and Microsoft MVP who is passionate about functional programming. He has over 20 years' experience delivering cost-effective technology solutions in a competitive business environment.

Table of Contents

PART 1 - Benefits of functional programming applicable to concurrent programs

Functional concurrency foundations
Functional programming techniques for concurrency
Functional data structures and immutability

PART 2 - How to approach the different parts of a concurrent program

The basics of processing big data: data parallelism, part 1
PLINQ and MapReduce: data parallelism, part 2
Real-time event streams: functional reactive programming
Task-based functional parallelism
Task asynchronicity for the win
Asynchronous functional programming in F#
Functional combinators for fluent concurrent programming
Applying reactive programming everywhere with agents
Parallel workflow and agent programming with TPL Dataflow

PART 3 - Modern patterns of concurrent programming applied

Recipes and design patterns for successful concurrent programming
Building a scalable mobile app with concurrent functional programming

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Content

Intro
Titlepage
Dedication
preface
Acknowledgments
About This Book
Who should read this book
How this book is organized: a roadmap
About the code
Book forum
About the Author
About the Cover Illustration
Part 1 : Benefits of functional programming applicable to concurrent programs
Chapter 1: Functional concurrency foundations
1.1 What you'll learn from this book
1.2 Let's start with terminology
1.2.1 Sequential programming performs one task at a time
1.2.2 Concurrent programming runs multiple tasks at the same time
1.2.3 Parallel programming executes multiples tasks simultaneously
1.2.4 Multitasking performs multiple tasks concurrently over time
1.2.5 Multithreading for performance improvement
1.3 Why the need for concurrency?
1.3.1 Present and future of concurrent programming
1.4 The pitfalls of concurrent programming
1.4.1 Concurrency hazards
1.4.2 The sharing of state evolution
1.4.3 A simple real-world example: parallel quicksort
1.4.4 Benchmarking in F#
1.5 Why choose functional programming for concurrency?
1.5.1 Benefits of functional programming
1.6 Embracing the functional paradigm
1.7 Why use F# and C# for functional concurrent programming?
Summary
Chapter 2: Functional programming techniques for concurrency
2.1 Using function composition to solve complex problems
2.1.1 Function composition in C#
2.1.2 Function composition in F#
2.2 Closures to simplify functional thinking
2.2.1 Captured variables in closures with lambda expressions
2.2.2 Closures in a multithreading environment
2.3 Memoization-caching technique for program speedup
2.4 Memoize in action for a fast web crawler
2.5 Lazy memoization for better performance
2.5.1 Gotchas for function memoization
2.6 Effective concurrent speculation to amortize the cost of expensive computations
2.6.1 Precomputation with natural functional support
2.6.2 Let the best computation win
2.7 Being lazy is a good thing
2.7.1 Strict languages for understanding concurrent behaviors
2.7.2 Lazy caching technique and thread-safe Singleton pattern
2.7.3 Lazy support in F#
2.7.4 Lazy and Task, a powerful combination
Summary
Chapter 3: Functional data structures and immutability
3.1 Real-world example: hunting the thread-unsafe object
3.1.1 .NET immutable collections: a safe solution
3.1.2 .NET concurrent collections: a faster solution
3.1.3 The agent message-passing pattern: a faster, better solution
3.2 Safely sharing functional data structures among threads
3.3 Immutability for a change
3.3.1 Functional data structure for data parallelism
3.3.2 Performance implications of using immutability
3.3.3 Immutability in C#
3.3.4 Immutability in F#
3.3.5 Functional lists: linking cells in a chain
3.3.6 Building a persistent data structure: an immutable binary tree
3.4 Recursive functions: a natural way to iterate
3.4.1 The tail of a correct recursive function: tail-call optimization
3.4.2 Continuation passing style to optimize recursive function
Summary
Part 2: How to approach the different parts of a concurrent program
Chapter 4: The basics of processing big data: data parallelism, part 1
4.1 What is data parallelism?
4.1.1 Data and task parallelism
4.1.2 The "embarrassingly parallel" concept
4.1.3 Data parallelism support in .NET
4.2 The Fork/Join pattern: parallel Mandelbrot
4.2.1 When the GC is the bottleneck: structs vs. class objects
4.2.2 The downside of parallel loops
4.3 Measuring performance speed
4.3.1 Amdahl's Law defines the limit of performance improvement
4.3.2 Gustafson's Law: a step further to measure performance improvement
4.3.3 The limitations of parallel loops: the sum of prime numbers
4.3.4 What can possibly go wrong with a simple loop?
4.3.5 The declarative parallel programming model
Summary
Chapter 5: PLINQ and MapReduce: data parallelism, part 2
5.1 A short introduction to PLINQ
5.1.1 How is PLINQ more functional?
5.1.2 PLINQ and pure functions: the parallel word counter
5.1.3 Avoiding side effects with pure functions
5.1.4 Isolate and control side effects: refactoring the parallel word counter
5.2 Aggregating and reducing data in parallel
5.2.1 Deforesting: one of many advantages to folding
5.2.2 Fold in PLINQ: Aggregate functions
5.2.3 Implementing a parallel Reduce function for PLINQ
5.2.4 Parallel list comprehension in F#: PSeq
5.2.5 Parallel arrays in F#
5.3 Parallel MapReduce pattern
5.3.1 The Map and Reduce functions
5.3.2 Using MapReduce with the NuGet package gallery
Summary
Chapter 6: Real-time event streams: functional reactive programming
6.1 Reactive programming: big event processing
6.2. NET tools for reactive programming
6.2.1 Event combinators-a better solution
6.2.2 .NET interoperability with F# combinators
6.3 Reactive programming in .NET: Reactive Extensions (Rx)
6.3.1 From LINQ/PLINQ to Rx
6.3.2 IObservable: the dual IEnumerable
6.3.3 Reactive Extensions in action
6.3.4 Real-time streaming with RX
6.3.5 From events to F# observables
6.4 Taming the event stream: Twitter emotion analysis using Rx programming
6.4.1 SelectMany: the monadic bind operator
6.5 An Rx publisher-subscriber
6.5.1 Using the Subject type for a powerful publisher-subscriber hub
6.5.2 Rx in relation to concurrency
6.5.3 Implementing a reusable Rx publisher-subscriber
6.5.4 Analyzing tweet emotions using an Rx Pub-Sub class
6.5.5 Observers in action
6.5.6 The convenient F# object expression
Summary
Chapter 7: Task-based functional parallelism
7.1 A short introduction to task parallelism
7.1.1 Why task parallelism and functional programming?
7.1.2 Task parallelism support in .NET
7.2 The .NET Task Parallel Library
7.2.1 Running operations in parallel with TPL Parallel.Invoke
7.3 The problem of void in C#
7.3.1 The solution for void in C#: the unit type
7.4 Continuation-passing style: a functional control flow
7.4.1 Why exploit CPS?
7.4.2 Waiting for a task to complete: the continuation model
7.5 Strategies for composing task operations
7.5.1 Using mathematical patterns for better composition
7.5.2 Guidelines for using tasks
7.6 The parallel functional Pipeline pattern
Summary
Chapter 8: Task asynchronicity for the win
8.1 The Asynchronous Programming Model (APM)
8.1.1 The value of asynchronous programming
8.1.2 Scalability and asynchronous programming
8.1.3 CPU-bound and I/O-bound operations
8.2 Unbounded parallelism with asynchronous programming
8.3 Asynchronous support in .NET
8.3.1 Asynchronous programming breaks the code structure
8.3.2 Event-based Asynchronous Programming
8.4 C# Task-based Asynchronous Programming
8.4.1 Anonymous asynchronous lambdas
8.4.2 Task&T& is a monadic container
8.5 Task-based Asynchronous Programming: a case study
8.5.1 Asynchronous cancellation
8.5.2 Task-based asynchronous composition with the monadic Bind operator
8.5.3 Deferring asynchronous computation enables composition
8.5.4 Retry if something goes wrong
8.5.5 Handling errors in asynchronous operations
8.5.6 Asynchronous parallel processing of the historical stock market
8.5.7 Asynchronous stock market parallel processing as tasks complete
Summary
Chapter 9: Asynchronous functional programming in F#
9.1 Asynchronous functional aspects
9.2 What's the F# asynchronous workflow?
9.2.1 The continuation passing style in computation expressions
9.2.2 The asynchronous workflow in action: Azure Blob storage parallel operations
9.3 Asynchronous computation expressions
9.3.1 Difference between computation expressions and monads
9.3.2 AsyncRetry: building your own computation expression
9.3.3 Extending the asynchronous workflow
9.3.4 Mapping asynchronous operation: the Async.map functor
9.3.5 Parallelize asynchronous workflows: Async.Parallel
9.3.6 Asynchronous workflow cancellation support
9.3.7 Taming parallel asynchronous operations
Summary
Chapter 10: Functional combinators for fluent concurrent programming
10.1 The execution flow isn't always on the happy path: error handling
10.1.1 The problem of error handling in imperative programming
10.2.1 Error handling in FP: exceptions for flow control
10.2.2 Handling errors with Task&Option&T&& in C#
10.2.3 The F# AsyncOption type: combining Async and Option
10.2.4 Idiomatic F# functional asynchronous error handling
10.2.5 Preserving the exception semantic with the Result type
10.3 Taming exceptions in asynchronous operations
10.3.1 Modeling error handling in F# with Async and Result
10.3.2 Extending the F# AsyncResult type with monadic bind operators
10.4 Abstracting operations with functional combinators
10.5 Functional combinators in a nutshell
10.5.1 The TPL built-in asynchronous combinators
10.5.2 Exploiting the Task.WhenAny combinator for redundancy and interleaving
10.5.3 Exploiting the Task.WhenAll combinator for asynchronous for-each
10.5.4 Mathematical pattern review: what you've seen so far
10.6 The ultimate parallel composition applicative functor
10.6.1 Extending the F# async workflow with applicative functor operators
10.6.2 Applicative functor semantics in F# with infix operators
10.6.3 Exploiting heterogeneous parallel computation with applicative functors
10.6.4 Composing and executing heterogeneous parallel computations
10.6.5 Controlling flow with conditional asynchronous combinators
10.6.6 Asynchronous combinators in action
Summary
Chapter 11: Applying reactive programming everywhere with agents
11.1 What's reactive programming, and how is it useful?
11.2 The asynchronous message-passing programming model
11.2.1 Relation with message passing and immutability
11.2.2 Natural isolation
11.3 What is an agent?
11.3.1 The components of an agent
11.3.2 What an agent can do
11.3.3 The share-nothing approach for lock-free concurrent programming
11.3.4 How is agent-based programming functional?
11.3.5 Agent is object-oriented
11.4 The F# agent: MailboxProcessor
11.4.1 The mailbox asynchronous recursive loop
11.5 Avoiding database bottlenecks with F# MailboxProcessor
11.5.1 The MailboxProcessor message type: discriminated unions
11.5.2 MailboxProcessor two-way communication
11.5.3 Consuming the AgentSQL from C#
11.5.4 Parallelizing the workflow with group coordination of agents
11.5.5 How to handle errors with F# MailboxProcessor
11.5.6 Stopping MailboxProcessor agents-CancellationToken
11.5.7 Distributing the work with MailboxProcessor
11.5.8 Caching operations with an agent
11.5.9 Reporting results from a MailboxProcessor
11.5.10 Using the thread pool to report events from MailboxProcessor
11.6 F# MailboxProcessor: 10,000 agents for a game of life
Summary
Chapter 12: Parallel workflow and agent programming with TPL Dataflow
12.1 The power of TPL Dataflow
12.2 Designed to compose: TPL Dataflow blocks
12.2.1 Using BufferBlock&TInput& as a FIFO buffer
12.2.2 Transforming data with TransformBlock&TInput, TOutput&
12.2.3 Completing the work with ActionBlock&TInput &
12.2.4 Linking dataflow blocks
12.3 Implementing a sophisticated Producer/Consumer with TDF
12.3.1 A multiple Producer/single Consumer pattern: TPL Dataflow
12.3.2 A single Producer/multiple Consumer pattern
12.4 Enabling an agent model in C# using TPL Dataflow
12.4.1 Agent fold-over state and messages: Aggregate
12.4.2 Agent interaction: a parallel word counter
12.5 A parallel workflow to compress and encrypt a large stream
12.5.1 Context: the problem of processing a large stream of data
12.5.2 Ensuring the order integrity of a stream of messages
12.5.3 Linking, propagating, and completing
12.5.4 Rules for building a TDF workflow
12.5.5 Meshing Reactive Extensions (Rx) and TDF
Summary
Part 3: Modern patterns of concurrent programming applied
Chapter 13: Recipes and design patterns for successful concurrent programming
13.1 Recycling objects to reduce memory consumption
13.1.1 Solution: asynchronously recycling a pool of objects
13.2 Custom parallel Fork/Join operator
13.2.1 Solution: composing a pipeline of steps forming the Fork/Join pattern
13.3 Parallelizing tasks with dependencies: designing code to optimize performance
13.3.1 Solution: implementing a dependencies graph of tasks
13.4 Gate for coordinating concurrent I/O operations sharing resources: one write, multiple reads
13.4.1 Solution: applying multiple read/write operations to shared thread-safe resources
13.5 Thread-safe random number generator
13.5.1 Solution: using the ThreadLocal object
13.6 Polymorphic event aggregator
13.6.1 Solution: implementing a polymorphic publisher-subscriber pattern
13.7 Custom Rx scheduler to control the degree of parallelism
13.7.1 Solution: implementing a scheduler with multiple concurrent agents
13.8 Concurrent reactive scalable client/server
13.8.1 Solution: combining Rx and asynchronous programming
13.9 Reusable custom high-performing parallel filter-map operator
13.9.1 Solution: combining filter and map parallel operations
13.10 Non-blocking synchronous message-passing model
13.10.1 Solution: coordinating the payload between operations using the agent programming model
13.11 Coordinating concurrent jobs using the agent programming model
13.11.1 Solution: implementing an agent that runs jobs with a configured degree of parallelism
13.12 Composing monadic functions
13.12.1 Solution: combining asynchronous operations using the Kleisli composition operator
Summary
Chapter 14: Building a scalable mobile app with concurrent functional programming
14.1 Functional programming on the server in the real world
14.2 How to design a successful performant application
14.2.1 The secret sauce: ACD
14.2.2 A different asynchronous pattern: queuing work for later execution
14.3 Choosing the right concurrent programming model
14.3.1 Real-time communication with SignalR
14.4 Real-time trading: stock market high-level architecture
14.5 Essential elements for the stock market application
14.6 Let's code the stock market trading application
14.6.1 Benchmark to measure the scalability of the stock ticker application
Summary
Appendix A: Functional programming
What is functional programming?
The benefits of functional programming
The tenets of functional programming
The clash of program paradigms: from imperative to object-oriented to functional programming
Higher-order functions for increasing abstraction
HOFs and lambda expressions for code reusability
Lambda expressions and anonymous functions
Currying
Partially applied functions
Power of partial function application and currying in C#
Appendix B: F# overview
The let binding
Understanding function signatures in F#
Creating mutable types: mutable and ref
Functions as first-class types
Composition: pipe and composition operators
Delegates
Comments
Open statements
Basic data types
Special string definition
Tuple
Record types
Discriminated unions
Pattern matching
Active patterns
Collections
Arrays
Sequences (seq)
Lists
Sets
Maps
Loops
Classes and inheritance
Abstract classes and inheritance
Interfaces
Object expressions
Casting
Units of measure
Event module API reference
Appendix C: Interoperability between an F# asynchronous workflow and .NET Task
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Concurrency in .NET

Description

PART 1 - Benefits of functional programming applicable to concurrent programs

PART 2 - How to approach the different parts of a concurrent program

PART 3 - Modern patterns of concurrent programming applied

More details

Other editions

Additional editions

Person

Content

System requirements