
Antenna Design for Cognitive Radio
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Content
- Intro
- Antenna Design for Cognitive Radio
- Contents
- Preface
- 1 Introduction to Cognitive Radio
- 1.1 Why Cognitive Radio?
- 1.2 Towards a Cognitive Radio
- 1.3 Spectrum Interweave and Underlay
- 1.4 The Cognitive Radio Cycle of Actions (ODAL)
- 1.5 The Observe Part of a Cognitive Radio Cycle
- 1.5.1 Interweave Mode
- 1.5.2 Underlay Mode
- 1.6 The Decide Part of a Cognitive Radio Cycle
- 1.6.1 Interweave Mode
- 1.6.2 Underlay Mode
- 1.7 The Act Part of a Cognitive Radio Cycle
- 1.7.1 Interweave Mode
- 1.7.2 Underlay Mode
- 1.8 The Learn Part of a Cognitive Radio Cycle
- 1.8.1 Interweave Mode
- 1.8.2 Underlay Mode
- 1.9 Discussion
- References
- 2 Software-Defined Radio and Cognitive Radio: A Systems Overview
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 What Is Software-Defined Radio?
- 2.3 Wireless Transceiver Architectures
- 2.3.1 Single-Band Architectures
- 2.3.2 Multiband Architectures
- 2.3.3 Software-Defined Radio Architectures
- 2.4 Cognitive Radio Architectures
- 2.5 Tunable Analog RF Components
- 2.5.1 Tunable Bandpass Filters
- 2.5.2 Tunable Power Amplifiers
- 2.6 Discussion
- References
- 3 Antenna Design Requirements for Cognitive Radio
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Antenna Parameters
- 3.2.1 Reflection Coefficient
- 3.2.2 Realized Gain
- 3.2.3 Radiation Pattern
- 3.2.4 Quality Factor
- 3.3 Antenna Design Limitations
- 3.4 Antenna Design Specifications for Cognitive Radio
- 3.4.1 Mobile Terminals
- 3.4.2 Spectrum Interweave Cognitive Radio
- 3.4.3 Spectrum Underlay Cognitive Radio
- 3.5 Antenna Design for Cognitive Radio Antenna Systems Using Reconfigurable Filters
- 3.6 Comparison Between the Antenna Design Requirements for the Spectrum Interweave and Underlay Cognitive Radio
- 3.7 Antenna Design Limitations for Cognitive Radio Interweave and Underlay
- 3.8 Discussion
- References
- 4 Wideband-Sensing Antennas for Cognitive Radio
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 History of UWB Antennas
- 4.3 Categories of UWB Antennas
- 4.4 Frequency-Independent Antennas
- 4.4.1 Printed Spiral Antenna
- 4.5 Nonplanar UWB Antennas
- 4.6 Planar UWB Antennas
- 4.6.1 Miniaturized Triangular Sheet Antenna
- 4.6.2 Planar UWB Monopole
- 4.7 Printed UWB Antennas
- 4.8 Printed UWB Slot Antennas
- 4.9 Printed UWB Horn Antennas
- 4.9.1 Coplanar Vivaldi Antenna
- 4.9.2 Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna
- 4.10 Printed UWB Antenna with Notches
- 4.10.1 Printed UWB Antenna with Fixed Notches
- 4.10.2 Printed UWB Antenna with Reconfigurable Notches
- 4.11 Discussion
- References
- 5 Communicating Reconfigurable Antennas for Cognitive Radio
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Overview of Reconfigurable Antennas
- 5.3 Antenna Reconfiguration Using RF MEMS
- 5.4 Antenna Reconfiguration Using PIN Diodes
- 5.5 Antenna Reconfiguration Using Varactors
- 5.6 Antenna Reconfiguration Using Thermal-Switching Components
- 5.7 Antenna Reconfiguration Using Optical Photoconductive Switches
- 5.8 Graph Modeling Switch-Reconfigurable Antennas for Redundancy Reduction
- 5.9 Antenna Reconfiguration Using Mechanical Actuators
- 5.10 Antenna Reconfiguration Using Material Change
- 5.11 Implementation of Reconfigurable Antennas in Spectrum Interweave Cognitive Radio
- 5.12 Analysis of Reconfigurable Antennas in Cognitive Radio
- 5.13 Discussion
- References
- 6 Reconfigurable Filtenna for Cognitive Radio
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Design of Microwave Filters
- 6.3 Printed Transmission Line Characteristics
- 6.4 Bandpass Filter Designs
- 6.5 Bandstop Filter Designs
- 6.6 Ultrawideband Filter Designs
- 6.7 Reconfigurable Filters
- 6.8 Reconfigurable Filtennas
- 6.9 Discussion
- References
- 7 Implementation of MIMO Antennas on Cognitive Radio
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Modeling the Propagation Effects
- 7.3 MIMO Antenna Basics
- 7.4 Isolation Improvement in MIMO Antenna Systems
- 7.5 Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna Structures
- 7.6 MIMO Antennas for Cognitive Radio
- 7.7 Discussion
- References
- 8 Machine-Learning Implementation in Cognitive Radio
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Categories of Machine-Learning Algorithms
- 8.3 Basic Review of Neural Networks
- 8.3.1 Neural Network Concepts
- 8.3.2 Neural Network Learning Connections' Weights
- 8.3.3 Back-Propagation Learning
- 8.3.4 Mathematical Model of a Neural Network
- 8.4 Neural Network FPGA Controller Design
- 8.4.1 Neural Network Modeling Procedure
- 8.5 Neural Network Implementation
- 8.5.1 Neural Network Modeling of a Reconfigurable Antenna Based on PIN Diodes
- 8.5.2 Neural Network Modeling of a Varactor-Based Reconfigurable Filtenna
- 8.5.3 Neural Network Modeling of a Mechanically Reconfigurable Antenna
- 8.6 Switch-Failure Correction in Frequency-Reconfigurable Antenna Arrays Using Neural Networks
- 8.7 FPGA Selection and the Cognitive Radio Processor
- 8.8 Discussion
- References
- 9 Cognitive Radio for Radar and Space Applications
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 The Concept of Cognitive Radar
- 9.3 Cognitive Radar Analysis
- 9.4 Cognitive Radar Versus Adaptive Radar Architectures
- 9.5 Cognitive Radar Networks
- 9.6 Possible Difficulties in Cognitive Radar
- 9.7 Cognitive Radio in Space Communications
- 9.8 Cognitive Radio Communication Between Satellites and Terrestrial Stations
- 9.9 Cognitive Radio Communication Between Satellites
- 9.10 Challenges in Cognitive Radio for Space Communication
- 9.11 Discussion
- References
- 10 The Future of Cognitive Radio
- About the Authors
- Index
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