Jesus

List of Figures Preface and Acknowledgments Prologue: Jesus, a Jew from Galilee 1. Jesus and Christian Beginnings (First to Fourth Centuries) A Strange Case: Paul and his Letters Anonymous Narratives: Three Gospels and One Sequel An Author Called John: A Fourth Gospel, More Letters, and an Apocalypse Christianity's Earliest Writings: Literary Diversity, Theological Unity Christianity's Transformation: From a Jewish Sect to a Gentile Religion Emerging Christianity: A "Catholic" Church "Gnosticism": The Nag Hammadi Library Living as Christians in the Roman Empire: The Threat of Persecution Christianizing the Roman Empire: Constantine the Great Material Culture: Manuscripts, Architecture, and the Visual Arts 2. Jesus and the Triumph of Christian Orthodoxy (Fourth and Fifth Centuries) The Council of Nicaea I (325): The Relation of the Son to God the Father The Council of Constantinople I (381): God as Trinity, One Substance, Three Persons Transition: From the Trinity to the Incarnation The Council of Ephesus (431): The Incarnate Son, One Person, Not Divided The Council of Chalcedon I (451): The Incarnate Son, One Person, Two Natures Early Monasticism: From Martyr to Monk Material Culture: Manuscripts, Architecture, and the Visual Arts 3. Jesus and Medieval Christian Orthodoxy (Fifth to Fifteenth Centuries) Rome, the Papacy, and the Eastern Church: A Church Dividing The Iconoclastic Controversy: Can Images of Jesus be Created and Venerated? The Filioque Controversy: Does the Holy Spirit also Proceed from the Son? Jesus as the Christ of Eastern Orthodoxy: Creed, Liturgy, and Spirituality The Crusades: Warriors for Christ Beyond Monasticism: Monks, Mendicants, and Mystics Scholastic Theology: The Trinity, the Incarnation, and the At-one-ment Jesus as the Christ of Roman Catholicism: Creed, Liturgy and Spirituality Rome and the Papacy: Exile, Schism, and Dissent Material Culture: Architecture and the Visual Arts 4. Jesus and Challenges to Christian Orthodoxy (Since the Fifteenth Century) The Renaissance:: Back to the Classics The Reformation: Back to the Bible The Enlightenment: Not Revelation, but Reason Material Culture: Architecture, Visual Arts, and Printed Books 5. Jesus and the Historical Quest (Since the Eighteenth Century) Pre-Quest Period: Christ = Jesus (before 1778) Old Quest Period: Christ // Jesus (1778-1906) No Quest Period: Christ // Jesus (1906-1953) New Quest Period: Christ > Jesus (1953-1985)Third Quest Period: [Christ] Jesus (since 1985) Dramatic Arts: From Passion Plays to Jesus Films 6. Jesus and Christological Diversity (Since the Eighteenth Century) Modern Protestant Theology: Liberalism (Nineteenth Century) Modern Protestant Theology: Neo-Orthodoxy (Twentieth Century) Modern Catholic Theology: Two Vatican Councils (Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries) Beyond Liberalism and Neo-Orthodoxy: Process Theology (into the Twenty-First Century) Liberation Theology: Latin America (into the Twenty-First Century) Black Theology: The United States and Beyond (into the Twenty-First Century) Feminist Theology: The United States and Beyond (into the Twenty-First Century) Womanist Theology: The United States and Beyond (into the Twenty-First Century) Theology in the Third World: Latin America, Africa, Asia (into the Twenty-First Century) Dramatic Arts: Christ-Figure Films and Literary Imagination 7. Jesus and World Religions (Since the First Century) Judaism: Jesus, a Jew, but No Messiah Islam: Jesus, a Prophet, but No Son of God Religions of South and East Asia: Jesus, the Outsider Material Culture: From Stone to Celluloid Epilogue: Jesus, a Global Christ Select Bibliography and Further Reading Index