Social Robotics

Name: Social Robotics | 7th International Conference, ICSR 2015, Paris, France, October 26-30, 2015, Proceedings
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7th International Conference, ICSR 2015, Paris, France, October 26-30, 2015, Proceedings

Adriana Tapus Elisabeth André Jean-Claude Martin François Ferland Mehdi Ammi(Editor)

Springer (Publisher)

Published on 27. October 2015

XIX, 717 pages

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978-3-319-25554-5 (ISBN)

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Content

Intro
Preface
Organization
Contents
The Effect of Applying Humanoid Robots as Teacher Assistants to Help Iranian Autistic Pupils Learn English as a Foreign Language
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Participants
2.2 Instruments
2.3 Data Collection Procedure
3 Results
4 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Social Robots for Older Adults: Framework of Activities for Aging in Place with Robots
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
2.1 State of the Art on Social Robots for Older Adults
3 Methodology
3.1 Participants
3.2 Procedure and Methods
Phase 1: Information and Sensitizing.
Phase 2: Brainstorm Session.
Phase 3: Choosing Robots.
4 Results
4.1 Coding Procedure
4.2 Activities for Aging in Place with Robots
4.3 Chosen Robots
5 Conclusions and Discussion
References
An Empathic Robotic Tutor for School Classrooms: Considering Expectation and Satisfaction of Children as End-Users
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
2.1 Expectation and Satisfaction in HRI: Definition of Concepts
2.2 Expectations and Satisfaction Towards Robots for Education
3 Methodology
3.1 Participants
3.2 System Architecture and Set-Up
3.3 Measures
3.4 Procedure
4 Results
4.1 Expectations and Satisfaction Towards a Robotic Tutor
5 Conclusions and Future Work
References
A Reactive Competitive Emotion Selection System
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Tomkins' Emotion Theory
4 Emotional System
4.1 Stimulation Calculator
4.2 Emotion Generator
5 Implementation and Results
6 Conclusions and Further Work
References
Group Vs. Individual Comfort When a Robot Approaches
1 Introduction
2 Design and Conduct of Experiments
3 Results
3.1 Participants
3.2 Intra-Position Analysis
3.3 Inter-Position Analysis
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Understanding Group Comfort Through Directional Statistics
1 Introduction
2 Directional Statistics
2.1 Test of Distribution Uniformity
2.2 Comparison of Circular Distributions
3 Experiment
3.1 Data Preprocessing
4 Experiment Results
4.1 Rayleigh Tests of Uniformity
4.2 Watson's U2 Test
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Adaptive Interaction of Persistent Robots to User Temporal Preferences
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Formalism and User Modeling
3.1 Problem Setting
3.2 Modeling Dynamic User Preferences Over Time
4 Learning Model Parameters from User Feedback
4.1 Profile ``Conservative''
4.2 Profile ``Consistent but Fatigable''
4.3 Profile ``Erratic''
4.4 Action Sequences Generation
5 Results
6 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Incremental Speech Production for Polite and Natural Personal-Space Intrusion
1 Introduction
2 A Software Architecture Integrating Social Spacesand Incremental Speech Synthesis
2.1 Social Spaces
2.2 Verbal-Planner
2.3 Controller
2.4 Incremental Speech Production
3 Observation Study
3.1 Experiment Setup
3.2 Results
3.3 Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
When Robots Object: Evidence for the Utility of Verbal, but not Necessarily Spoken Protest
1 Introduction and Motivation
2 Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Probolino: A Portable Low-Cost Social Device for Home-Based Autism Therapy
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
2.1 Probo -- The Huggable Social Robot
2.2 Using Social Story and Visual Schedules in Autism Therapy
3 Development of Probolino
3.1 Overview
3.2 Hardware
3.3 Software
3.4 Web Interface
4 Interactive Game for Home-Based Therapy
4.1 Probogotchi
4.2 Schedule Mode with Right-Wrong Game
5 Initial Testing
6 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Improving Human-Robot Physical Interaction with Inverse Kinematics Learning
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Learning the Inverse Kinematics Function
3.1 Overview
3.2 Joint-Task Kernel Regression
4 Experiments
4.1 Experimental Setup
4.2 User Study
4.3 Results
5 Conclusion
References
Team-Building Activities for Heterogeneous Groups of Humans and Robots
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Experiment Design
3.1 Procedure
3.2 Materials and Setup
3.3 Team-Building Activity
3.4 Primary Task
4 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Automatic Joint Attention Detection During Interaction with a Humanoid Robot
1 Introduction
2 Proposed Method
2.1 System Overview
2.2 Segmentation
2.3 Head Detection
2.4 Behavior Understanding
3 Experiments
3.1 Setup and Dataset
3.2 Results
4 Conclusions and Future Improvements
References
Characterizing the State of the Art of Human-Robot Coproduction
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Manufacturing Systems
2.2 The production Line and Workstations
3 Survey of Human Robot Coproduction Systems
3.1 Demonstrator Selection
3.2 Demonstrator Descriptions
3.3 Categorization of Demonstrators
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusions and Future Work
References
KeJia Robot--An Attractive Shopping Mall Guider
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Features and Hardware
3.1 Key Features
3.2 Hardware
4 System Architecture
4.1 Top-Floor Structure
4.2 Software Modules Structure
4.3 Methods to Challenging Modules
5 Results of Field Trials
6 Conclusions
References
Case-Sensitive Methods for Evaluating HRI from a Sociological Point of View
1 Introduction
2 General Assumptions Regarding HRI from a Sociological and Biomimetics Point of View
3 Evaluating the Quality of HRI with Breaching Experiments
4 Summary
References
Social Facilitation in a Game-Like Human-Robot Interaction Using Synthesized Emotions and Episodic Memory
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Design Setup
2.1 Hypothesis
2.2 Game Scenario Description
2.3 Robot Behaviors
3 Methodology
3.1 Episodic Memory
3.2 OCC Model
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Motions of Robots Matter! The Social Effects of Idle and Meaningful Motions
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Design
2.3 Experimental Set-up
2.4 Robot Motions
2.5 Verbal Utterances
2.6 Questionnaire
2.7 Procedure
2.8 Data Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Social Verification
3.2 Effect of Motion
4 Discussion and Conclusions
4.1 Social Verification
4.2 Effect of Motion
References
What Makes Robots Social?: A User's Perspective on Characteristics for Social Human-Robot Interaction
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 The Karotz Robot
2.2 Data Collection and Procedure
2.3 Data Analysis
2.4 Participants
3 Results
3.1 Two-Way Interaction
3.2 Thoughts and Feelings
3.3 Social Awareness
3.4 Social Support
3.5 Autonomy
3.6 Coziness
3.7 Similarity
3.8 Mutual Respect
4 General Discussion
4.1 Essential Social Abilities for Social Robots
4.2 Can Robots Actually be Social?
4.3 How to Make Better Social Robots
5 Conclusion
References
An Adaptive and Proactive Human-Aware Robot Guide
1 Introduction
2 Situation Assessment
3 Planning and Supervision
4 Motion Planning
5 Experiments and Analysis
6 Conclusions
References
The Effects of Social Gaze in Human-Robot Collaborative Assembly
1 Introduction
2 Previous Work
3 Method
3.1 The Robot
3.2 Experimental Conditions
3.3 Experimental Procedure
3.4 Questionnaire
3.5 Participants
3.6 Analysis
4 Results
4.1 Users' Perception of the Robot's Gaze Behavior
4.2 Eye Gaze During Contact Initiation
4.3 Eye Gaze Between Tasks
4.4 Conceptualizing the Robot and Understanding Robot Gaze
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Influence of Upper Body Pose Mirroring in Human-Robot Interaction
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Method
3.1 Hypotheses
3.2 Experimental Validation
3.3 Experimental Setup
3.4 Experimental Procedure
3.5 Questionnaire
4 Results
5 Conclusion
References
Robot-Centric Activity Recognition`in the Wild'
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Dataset
4 Activity Recognition
5 Experimental Results
6 Conclusion
References
``Yes Dear, that Belongs into the Shelf!'' - Exploratory Studies with Elderly People Who Learn to Train an Adaptive Robot Companion
1 Introduction
2 Decision Making Algorithm
3 Exploratory Studies
4 Study 1 Teaching the Robot a Card Game
5 Study 2 - Teaching the Robot in Social Scenarios
6 Conclusion
References
Using Video Manipulation to Protect Privacy in Remote Presence Systems
1 Introduction
2 Defining Privacy
3 Related Work
4 Protecting Privacy with Video Manipulation
4.1 Results
5 Effects on Task Performance
5.1 Results
6 Conclusions
References
Social Robots as Co-therapists in Autism Therapy Sessions: A Single-Case Study
1 Introduction
2 State of the Art
2.1 Technology Based Interventions in Autism Therapy
2.2 Robotic Interventions
3 Method
3.1 Participant
3.2 Setting
3.3 Procedures
4 Findings and Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Personalized Short-Term Multi-modal Interaction for Social Robots Assisting Users in Shopping Malls
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 COACHES Environment, Hardware and Software Architecture
4 Personalized Short-Term Multi-modal Interactions
4.1 PNP Adaptor and Executor
4.2 Interaction Manager
4.3 Speech and Graphical Interfaces
5 Examples of Personalized Interactions
6 Conclusions
References
Non-verbal Signals in HRI: Interference in Human Perception
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Experiment 1: Robots' Non-verbal Cues Perceived as Verbal by Participants
4 Experiment 2: Facilitation of Non-verbal Understanding by Congruent Verbal Signals
5 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Empathic Robotic Tutors for Personalised Learning: A Multidisciplinary Approach
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Design Goals
4 Scenarios and System Overview
5 Design Process
5.1 Interviews
5.2 Participatory Design Workshops
5.3 Mockup Studies with Teachers and Students
5.4 User-Centered Design and Pedagogical Theories
6 Initial Implementation
7 Wizard of Oz Studies
8 Development of Fully Autonomous Behavior
9 Lessons Learned
10 Conclusion
References
Robot-Assisted Training of Joint Attention Skills in Children Diagnosed with Autism
1 Introduction
1.1 Autism
1.2 Robot Therapy
1.3 Aim of Study
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Stimuli and Apparatus
2.3 Procedure
2.4 Data Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Joint Attention Scores
3.2 Color Accuracy and Button Press Accuracy
4 Discussion
4.1 RJA & IJA Scores
4.2 Verbal Color Accuracy and Button Press Accuracy
4.3 Implications and Future Directions
4.4 Conclusions
References
Implicit Nonverbal Behaviors Expressing Closeness by 3D Agents
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Procedure
2.3 System
2.4 Questionnaire
3 Results
3.1 Manipulation Check
3.2 Extraction of Motions
3.3 Categorization of Motions
3.4 Effect of Relationsh hips on Number and Variety of Motions
3.5 Specific Motions or fo Strangers and Friends
3.6 Creation of Two Sc cenarios
3.7 Evaluation of the S Scenarios
4 Conclusion
References
Visiting Cultural Heritage with a Tour Guide Robot: A User Evaluation Study in-the-Wild
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Study Design
3.1 FROG the Tour Guide Robot
3.2 Participants
3.3 Procedure
3.4 Data Analysis
4 Results
5 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Higher Nonverbal Immediacy Leads to Greater Learning Gains in Child-Robot Tutoring Interactions
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Methodology
3.1 Participants
3.2 Hypotheses
3.3 Interaction Protocol
3.4 Robot Conditions and Behaviour
4 Results
4.1 Learning Gains
4.2 Questionnaire Data
4.3 Gaze Analysis
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Exploring the Four Social Bonds Evolvement for an Accompanying Minimally Designed Robot
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 ROBOMO Concept Design
4 ROBOMO Architecture
5 Hypothesis
6 Experimental Protocol
7 Measurements
8 Proactivity versus Reactivity
9 Comparison of Proactive Full Mode with IU-Based and Gesture-Based Communication
10 Conclusion and Future Research
References
SDT: Maintaining the Communication Protocol Through Mixed Feedback Strategies
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Architecture of the SDT
4 Robot's Action Selection Strategy
4.1 Actor Learning
4.2 Critic Learning
5 Feedback Strategies
5.1 Visible Movement-Based Feedback Strategy Method
5.2 Static Mixed Feedback Strategy
5.3 Adaptive Mixed Feedback Strategy
6 Experimental Setup
7 Survey Procedure
8 Challenges of Using the Robot's Movement as a Feedback Strategy
9 Mixed-Feedback Strategy Vs Movement-Based Feedback Strategy
10 Static Mixed Feedback Strategy Vs Adaptive Mixed-Feedback Strategy
11 Conclusion
References
Personalized Assistance for Dressing Users
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Approach to Personalized Dressing
3.1 Vision-Based User Tracking
3.2 Dressing Tasks as Template Goals
3.3 Motion Planning
3.4 User-Aware Pose Selection and Assistance Planning
3.5 Learning and Refining User Constraints
4 Evaluation
4.1 Planning and Executing with Increasing Constraint Complexity
4.2 Learning User Models
5 Conclusion
References
Formations for Facilitating Communication Among Robotic Wheelchair Users and Companions
1 Introduction
2 Sociological Background for Interaction Analysis Between Wheelchair User and Companion
3 Observation of One-on-One Communication while Moving
3.1 Participants NOT Assigned A Conversation Task
3.2 Participants Assign ned Conversation Task
4 Observation of G Group Communication and Formation
4.1 Tandem Formation n
4.2 Diagonal Formation
4.3 Side Formation
5 Experiment Using Multiple Robotic Wheelchair System
5.1 Tandem
5.2 Diagonal
5.3 Side
6 Conclusion
References
Young Users' Perception of a Social Robot Displaying Familiarity and Eliciting Disclosure
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 System and Setup
4 Experimental Study 1: Familiarity Display
4.1 Familiarity Display
4.2 Experiment Methodology
4.3 Results
5 Experimental Study 2: Off-Activity Talk
5.1 Off-Activity Talk
5.2 Experiment Methodology and Results
6 Discussion and Conclusion
References
You're Doing It Wrong! Studying Unexpected Behaviors in Child-Robot Interaction
1 Introduction
1.1 Towards Sustained Engagement
1.2 Design and Hypotheses
2 Research Methodology
2.1 Experimental Setting
2.2 Data Collection
3 Main Findings
4 Conclusions and Future Directions
References
An Embodied AI Approach to Individual Differences: Supporting Self-Efficacy in Diabetic Children with an Autonomous Robot
1 Introduction
2 Robin, the Diabetic Autonomous Robot Toddler
2.1 Motivation
2.2 Robot Architecture
2.3 Interaction with Robin
3 Trial Interactions
3.1 First Pilot: Hospital
3.2 Second Pilot: Summer Camp
4 Personalized Interactions
4.1 Socially Proactive vs. Socially Responsive
4.2 Verbal vs. Non-verbal
4.3 Response to Diabetes Symptoms
4.4 Interactions with Two Children
5 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Socially-Assistive Emotional Robot that Learns from the Wizard During the Interaction for Preventing Low Back Pain in Children
1 Introduction
2 Social Robots in Therapies
3 Design of a Motivational Robotic System for Physical Therapy
3.1 Our Previous Research
3.2 Adding Motivational Behaviors Controlled by the Wizard
4 Implications: Learning from the Wizard
5 Conclusion
References
Does the Presence of Social Agents Improve Cognitive Performance on a Vigilance Task?
1 Introduction
2 Experiments
2.1 Experiment 1
2.2 Experiment 2
3 General Discussion
References
Agent Appearance Modulates Mind Attribution and Social Attention in Human-Robot Interaction
1 Introduction
1.1 Gaze Direction as a Cue to Others' Attention
1.2 Aim of Study
2 Methods and Materials
2.1 Participants
2.2 Apparatus
2.3 Stimuli
2.4 Procedure
2.5 Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Ava (A Social Robot): Design and Performance of a Robotic Hearing Apparatus
1 Introduction
2 Speaker Localization
3 "Ava", A Social Robot
4 Experiments and Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
A Particle-Filter Approach for Active Perception in Networked Robot Systems
1 Introduction
2 Active Perception via Probabilistic Planning of Information-Gathering Paths
2.1 Estimating the Position of a Moving Target
2.2 Planning the Motion of the Robot
2.3 Extension for Multiple Robots
3 Experimental Results
4 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Impact of Robot Actions on Social Signals and Reaction Times in HRI Error Situations
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Video Corpus and Annotation
4 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Social-Task Learning for HRI
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Model
4 Scenario
4.1 Experimental Setup
4.2 Teaching Protocol
5 Model Performance in Simulation
5.1 Task Model Performance
5.2 Social Model
6 Experiments on the Real Robot
6.1 Robotic Architecture
6.2 Experimental Results
7 Discussion
8 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Development of the Multi-dimensional Robot Attitude Scale: Constructs of People's Attitudes Towards Domestic Robots
1 Introduction
2 Extraction of Elements of People's Attitudes Towards Domestic Robots
2.1 Methods
2.2 Results
3 Dimensions of Attitudes Towards Domestic Robots
3.1 Methods
3.2 Results
4 Development of the Attitude Scale
4.1 Constructs of the Scale
4.2 Reliability and Representativeness of the Scale
5 Discussion
References
Humanoid Robot Assisted Training for Facial Expressions Recognition Based on Affective Feedback
1 Introduction
2 Framework Components
2.1 Training: Face Expression Expert Program (FEEP)
2.2 Measuring: Smile Detector
2.3 Encouraging: Socially Assistive Robot
3 Performance Evaluation
4 Results
5 Discussions
6 Conclusions
References
Designing Robotic Teaching Assistants: Interaction Design Students' and Children's Views
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Study
3.1 Participants and Procedures
4 Analysis and Results
4.1 Interaction Designers
4.2 Children without Robotics Knowledge
4.3 Children with Robotics Knowledge
5 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Healthcare Robots in Homes of Rural Older Adults
1 Introduction
1.1 Caring for an Ageing Population in Rural Communities
1.2 Robots and Ageing in Place
1.3 Aims and Hypotheses
2 Methods
2.1 Setting and Ethics
2.2 iRobi
2.3 Research Design
2.4 Participants
2.5 Procedure
2.6 Data Analyses
3 Results
3.1 Medical care Utilis ation, Quality of Life, Adherence, and Robot Acceptance
3.2 Emergent Themes from the Interviews
4 Discussion
References
More Social and Emotional Behaviour May Lead to Poorer Perceptions of a Social Robot
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 An Autonomous Social Robot that Shares Emotions
4 Methodology
4.1 Participants
4.2 Procedure
4.3 Measures
5 Results
6 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Towards a Robot Computational Model to Preserve Dignity in Stigmatizing Patient-Caregiver Relationships
1 Introduction
2 Shame and Empathy Representations
2.1 A Componential Re epresentation of Shame
2.2 A Componential Representation for the Empathetic Response
2.3 A Componential Re epresentation for Guilt
3 Overview of Framework Designed to Uphold Patient Dignity
4 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Predicting Extraversion from Non-verbal Features During a Face-to-Face Human-Robot Interaction
1 Introduction
2 Methods and Materials
3 Non-verbal Features Extraction
4 Automated Prediction of Extraversion During HRI
5 Conclusion and Future Works
References
Check Your Stereotypes at the Door: An Analysis of Gender Typecasts in Social Human-Robot Interaction
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Stereotypes and Hypotheses
3.1 Selected Stereotypes About Male and Female Users
3.2 Selected Stereotypes Applied to Male or Female Robots
4 Study Design
4.1 Instruments and Analysis Method
4.2 Manipulations
4.3 Method
5 Results
5.1 Post-Hoc Analysis
5.2 Discussion
6 Summary
Appendix
References
Effects of Perspective Taking on Ratings of Human Likeness and Trust
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Materials
2.3 Procedure
2.4 Design and Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Qualitative Data
3.2 Quantitative Data
4 Discussion
4.1 Conclusions
References
Timing is Key for Robot Trust Repair
1 Introduction
2 Trust Repair
3 Experimental Setup
4 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Towards Safe and Trustworthy Social Robots: Ethical Challenges and Practical Issues
1 Introduction
2 Trust in Human-Machine Interaction
3 Study Design
4 Insights Based on Qualitative Data Analysis
5 Challenges of Measuring Safety and Trust in HRI
6 Beyond Lab Research: Implications and Outlook
References
Children's Perception of Synthesized Voice: Robot's Gender, Age and Accent
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Method
3.1 Participants
3.2 Social Robot Platform
3.3 Procedure
3.4 Manipulation
3.5 Measures
4 Results
4.1 Robot's Perceived Gender
4.2 Robot's Perceived Age
4.3 Voice Preference
5 Conclusions
References
SPARC: Supervised Progressively Autonomous Robot Competencies
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Assessing the Effect of a Progressively Autonomous Robot on Supervisor Workload
3.1 Child Model
3.2 Wizarded-Robot Control
3.3 Learning Algorithm
3.4 Participants
3.5 Hypotheses
3.6 Interaction Protocol
4 Results
4.1 Interaction Data
4.2 Questionnaire Data
5 Discussion
References
A Case Study of Robot Interaction Among Individuals with Profound and Multiple Learning Disabilities
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 The Approach
2.2 Participants
2.3 Procedure
2.4 Measurement and Evaluation
3 Result and Discussion
4 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Impact of Humanoid Social Robots on Treatment of a Pair of Iranian Autistic Twins
1 Introduction
2 Research Methodology
2.1 Participants
2.2 Intervention Sessions
2.3 Set-up of the Study
2.4 Humanoid Robots
2.5 Therapeutic Games
2.6 Assessment Tools
3 Results and Discussions
3.1 Quantitative Conte ent Analysis
3.2 GARS
3.3 Human Assessment
3.4 Interview with Parents
4 Conclusion
References
Cross-Corpus Experiments on Laughter and Emotion Detection in HRI with Elderly People
1 Introduction
2 Acoustic Cues
3 Databases
3.1 ROMEO2 Corpus
3.2 ARMEN Corpus
3.3 OFFICE Corpus
3.4 JEMO Corpus
3.5 Characteristics of the Databases
4 Cross-Corpus Experiments with Elderly and Young People Voices
4.1 Comparison of Acoustic Features Between Elderly and Young Adults People
4.2 Methodology: Cross-Corpus Experiments
4.3 Cross-Corpus Results
5 Conclusion
References
``Go Ahead, Please'': Recognition and Resolution of Conflict Situations in Narrow Passages for Polite Mobile Robot Navigation
1 Introduction and Motivation
2 Related Work
3 Robot Platform ROREAS
4 Deadlock Recognition
4.1 Narrow Passage Detection
4.2 Qualitative Spatial Features
Movement Direction.
Orientation.
Narrow Passage Position.
4.3 Space Conflict Prediction
4.4 Situation Classification
5 Finding Non-obstructive Waiting Positions
5.1 Multi-criteria Optimization
5.2 Optimization Criteria
Driven Distance.
Observability.
Distance to Walls.
Social Distance.
6 Experimental Results of Field Tests and Outlook
6.1 Discussion and Future Works
References
Study on Adaptation of Robot Communication Strategies in Changing Situations
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Procedures and Materials
2.1 Living Room
2.2 Robot Behaviours
2.3 Questionnaires and Individual Learning
2.4 Face Detection and Distance Measurement
2.5 Experimental Procedure
3 Results
3.1 General Behaviour Preferences and Effectiveness
3.2 Room Condition Specific Behaviour Effectiveness
4 Discussion
4.1 Considerations on Communication Channels
4.2 Considerations about Learning
4.3 Considerations on Automatic Classification
4.4 Choice of Measures
5 Conclusion
References
Investigating the Effect of Relative Cultural Distance on the Acceptance of Robots
1 Introduction
1.1 Cultural Differences in Robotics
1.2 Cultural Distance
1.3 Purpose of This Paper
2 Experimental Procedures and Materials
2.1 Hardware
2.2 Experimental Protocol
2.3 Videos
2.4 Assessment
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
3 Results
3.1 Demographics
3.2 Results: Scales
3.3 Results: Subjects' Preference
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Role of Social Robotics in Supporting Employees and Advancing Productivity
1 Introduction
1.1 Presenteeism
1.2 Social Robotics
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Statistical Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Effects of Perspective Taking on Implicit Attitudes and Performance in Economic Games
1 Introduction
1.1 Aim of Study
2 Experiments
2.1 Participants
2.2 Stimuli
2.3 Tasks and Procedure
2.4 Perspective Taking Task
2.5 Implicit Association Test
2.6 Economic Games (EGs)
2.7 Subjective Ratings
3 Results
3.1 Implicit Association Test
3.2 Economic Games
3.3 Subjective es Measure
4 Discussion
References
Smile and Laughter Detection for Elderly People-Robot Interaction
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 ROMEO2 Corpus
4 Proposed Smile and Laughter Detection Methods
4.1 Audio-Visual Fusion of Smile and Laughter Detection
4.2 Visual Smile and Laughter Detection
4.3 Laughter Detection from Audio
5 Experiments
5.1 Visual Smile and Laughter Detection Results
5.2 Audio Laughter Detection Results
5.3 Video-Audio Smile and Laughter Detection
6 Conclusion and Future Work
References
The Effect of a Robot's Social Character on Children's Task Engagement: Peer Versus Tutor
1 Introduction
2 Children's Task Engagement
3 Related Work and Hypotheses
4 Method
4.1 Robot Character Design
4.2 Setup, Procedure and Participants
4.3 Measures
4.4 Data Analysis
5 Results
6 Discussion
7 Limitations and Future Work
References
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Social Robotics

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