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Advances in Research on the Strength and Fracture of Materials: Volume 3Bs-Applications and Non-Metals contains the proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Fracture, held at the University of Waterloo, Canada, in June 1977. The papers review the state of the art with respect to testing of fracture in a wide range of non-metals such as ceramics, glass, composites, polymers, biomaterials, and concrete. This volume is divided into five sections and opens by discussing the role of acoustic emission in fracture toughness testing and the relation between static and dynamic fracture toughness of structural steels. The reader is then introduced to methods for determining stress-intensity factors of simplified geometries of structural parts; stress analysis of pressure vessels by thermal shock; the fracture toughness of constructional steels in cyclic loading; and fracture processes and fracture toughness in powder forged steels. The remaining chapters explore the influence of low-cycle damage on fracture toughness; fracture of structural alloys at temperatures approaching absolute zero; fracture mechanisms in Si-Al-O-N ceramics; propagation and bifurcation of cracks in quartz; and the effect of pressure and environment on the fracture and yield of polymers. This monograph will be a useful resource for metallurgists, materials scientists, and structural and mechanical engineers.
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978-1-4831-5817-4 (9781483158174)
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ForewordPrefaceAcknowledgmentsCommitteesNomenclatureConversion UnitsPart VI. Applications Session 1 - Test Methods 1 The Role of Acoustic Emission in Fracture Toughness Testing 2 The Relation Between Static and Dynamic Fracture Toughness of Structural Steels 3 Experimental Correlations Between Dynamical Toughness Characteristics of Prestrained Pressure Vessel Steels 4 On the Dynamic Fracture Toughness Determination by Instrumented Impact Tests 5 The Role of NDT in Fracture Mechanics Evaluation 6 Charting the Fracture Toughness Characteristics of Castings Using the Double Torsion Method 7 Direct Measurement on Plastic Zones of Side Grooved Fracture Toughness Specimens 8 A Fractographic Study on Evaluation of Fracture Toughness 9 The Influence of Specimen Configuration on Yield Zone Formation and Fracture Resistance 10 Methods of Experimental Determination of Stress-Intensity Factors of Simplified Geometries of Structural Parts 11 Development of a C-Shaped Fatigue Specimen 12 The Effect of Striking Velocity on Perforation Energy for Mild Steel Plates 13 Determination of Critical Stress-Intensity Factors under Mixed Mode Loading Conditions by Shadow Optics Session 2 - Practical Aspects A 1 Fracture Mechanics of Tidal Flexure Cracks in Floating Ice Shelves 2 Pressure Vessel Strength Analysis by Thermal Shock 3 Strength of Welded Thickwalled Non-Heat Treated Structural Elements 4 A Crack Near Doubly Riveted Stiffeners 5 Test and Analysis of a Cracked Lug 6 Fractographic Analysis of Shear Fracture of a Forged Steel Axle Spindle 7 Fracture Toughness and Fatigue Crack Propagation Behavior of Several Cast Steels for Structural Components of Hydro-Turbines 8 Investigation of the Fracture Toughness of Constructional Steels in Cyclic Loading 9 Fracture Toughness of Turbine Rotor Shaft and Validity Criterion for KIC 10 Prediction of Fail-Safe Strength of Realistic Stiffened Skin Aircraft Structures Session 3 - Practical Aspects B 1 Initiation COD as a Fracture Criterion for Zr-2.5% Nb Pressure Tube Alloy 2 A Study of Conditions Leading to Fragmentation on Failure of Zirconium Alloy Pressure Tubes 3 Crack Nucleation in 316 Stainless Steel Fuel Cladding 4 Fracture Mechanical Aspects of Abrasive Friction, Wear and Chip Formation of a ¿-Fe-Ni-Al Steel 5 Fracture Strength of a Notched Beam When a Small Fatigue Crack Emanates from its Notch Root 6 On the Determination of the Crack Arrest Toughness 7 Initiation of Cracks at Delayed Fracture of a High Strength Steel 8 Brittle Fracture Design of Structures Session 4 - Fracture Toughness and Low Temperature Fracture 1 Fracture Processes and Fracture Toughness in Powder Forged Steels 2 Increasing the fracture toughness of 18 Ni Maraging Steel Weld Metal 3 Fracture Toughness of Thermally Fatigued Material 4 On the Influence of Low-Cycle Damage on Fracture Toughness 5 Toughness - Porosity Phenomena 6 Fracture Behavior of Nodular Graphite Iron at Low Temperatures 7 Low Temperature Fatigue Crack Propagation 8 Fracture of Structural Alloys at Temperatures Approaching Absolute Zero 9 Fracture and Toughness of BCC Iron Alloys at Cryogenic Temperature 10 A Criterion for Strength of Structural Materials in a Complex Stress State at Low Temperatures 11 Fatigue Fracture Toughness and Fatigue Crack Propagation in 5.5% Ni Steel at Low TemperaturePart VII.