
Construction 3D Printing
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This book presents the dynamic advancements achieved in Construction 3D Printing, showcasing a wealth of insights from the conference held from 19-21 July 2023 at Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. Covering a broad spectrum of topics, this volume presents research on established technologies, modeling, simulation, diverse materials (including recycled and geopolymer materials), fiber reinforcement, and composite materials, as well as testing protocols and standards. It also delves into applications, Building Information Modeling (BIM), design methodologies, optimization strategies, structural considerations, intelligent monitoring, and the role of robotics and automation. Serving as a timely and invaluable resource, this book offers both scholars and professionals in the expansive field of Construction 3D Printing profound insights into its decade-long progress and its preparedness for wider adoption.
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Persons
Ming Jen Tan, Teck Neng Wong & Paulo Bartolo are Professors, and Mingyang Li and Yi Wei Daniel Tay are Senior Research Fellow & Research Fellow respectively at the Singapore Centre for 3D Printing (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore)
Content
- Intro
- Foreword
- Conference Organizing Committee
- Contents
- Novel Processes
- Set-on-Demand Geopolymer for Concrete 3D Printing Using Ternary Activator
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Materials and Methods
- 2.1 Geopolymer Precursors, Aggregates and Activators
- 2.2 Preparation of Geopolymer Concrete
- 3 Experimental Program
- 3.1 Fresh Properties
- 3.2 Compressive Strength
- 4 Results and Discussion
- 4.1 Pumpability of the Base Mix
- 4.2 Buildability and 1-Day Strength After Print Head Activation
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Two-Part Print Head Mixing of Hybrid Alkali-Activated Cement for Buildability Enhancement in 3D Concrete Printing
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Materials and Methods
- 2.1 Materials
- 2.2 Test Methods
- 3 Results and Discussions
- 3.1 Early Age Yield Stress Development with Time
- 3.2 Hardened Properties of HAAC Mixes
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Application of Textile Reinforcement for 3D Concrete Printed Structures
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Current Reinforcement Practices in 3DCP and their Limitations
- 3 3D Concrete Printing with Textile Reinforcement
- 4 Performance of Textile-Reinforced 3D Concrete Printed Structure
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Influence of Printing Pattern on Bearing Capacity of 3D Printed Concrete Hollow Structures
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Experimental Procedures
- 3 Experimental Results and Analysis
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Exploring the 2.5D SIMTP with the Adaptive Refinement Based on the Nodal Thickness
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Definition of 2.5D SIMTP
- 3 Adaptive Refinement
- 4 3D Printing
- 5 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Automated Force Sensitive Reinforcement for 3DCP
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Materials and Methods
- 4 Experimental Setup and Results
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Mechanical Properties and Additive Manufacturing of Alkali-Activated Lunar Regolith in Artificial Lunar Environments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Materials and Experiments
- 3 Solidification Properties
- 4 Long-Term Properties
- 5 Microstructure Characterization
- 6 Future Prospects on Additive Manufacturing of Aalrs
- 7 Conclusions
- References
- Carbon Sequestration with 3D Concrete Printing: Potentials and Challenges
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 2.1 Sustainable Construction with 3DCP
- 2.2 Concrete Carbon Sequestration
- 3 Discussion
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Modeling, Simulation, and Structural Analysis
- CFD Simulation of Twin-Pipe Pumping Process for 3D Concrete Printing
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Numerical Model
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Effect of Magnetic Intervention Time on the Buildability of Printable Cement and Limestone Pastes Containing Fe3O4 Particles
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Experimental Program
- 2.1 Materials and Sample Preparation
- 2.2 Testing Procedures
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Improvements in the Printability of Printed Mortar Using In-Situ Polymerization
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Materials and Methods
- 2.1 Materials
- 2.2 Preparation of 3D-Printed Mortar
- 2.3 Flowability Measurements
- 2.4 Extrudability and Mechanical Tests
- 2.5 Green Strength Tests
- 2.6 The Deformation Tests
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 3.1 The Improvements in Flowability and Extrudability
- 3.2 The Evolution of Green Strength
- 3.3 The Influence on Volume Stability
- 3.4 The Influence on Mechanical Properties
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Active Rheology Control for 3D Printable Cement-Based Materials by Temperature: An Exploratory Study
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Experimental Program
- 2.1 Materials and Mix Proportions
- 2.2 Sample Preparation and Test Methods
- 3 Results and Discussions
- 3.1 Dynamic Shear Test
- 3.2 Static Shear Test
- 3.3 Hydration Heat Evolution
- 3.4 Discussion
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Interfacial Cracking at Layer and Filament Interfaces of 3D Printed Concrete: Experimental and Numerical Studies
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Experimental Procedures
- 2.1 Materials and Mix Proportions
- 2.2 Printing and Curing
- 2.3 Experimental Methods
- 3 Experimental Results
- 3.1 Failure Mode
- 3.2 Tensile Strength
- 3.3 Shear Strength
- 4 Numerical Simulation
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- Experimental Study and OpenSees Modelling for Thermal Response of 3D Printed Concrete Exposed to Fires
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology to Determine the Fire Performance of Fabricated Structural Components
- 2.1 Printing Material and Progress
- 2.2 Radiant Panel Testing
- 2.3 Thermal Analysis of 3D Printed Concrete in OpenSees
- 3 Realistic Situation Simulation
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- An Analysis of Penetrometer Test Methods for Structural Build-Up in Stiff and Accelerated 3D Concrete Printing Mixtures
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Research Methodology
- 2.1 Materials
- 2.2 Experimental Methods
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 3.1 Vicat Needle Test
- 3.2 Fall Cone Test
- 3.3 Fast Penetration Test
- 3.4 Slow Penetration Test (SPT)
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Materials
- Local Stability of Stocky and Slender WAAM Stainless Steel Equal Angle Sections
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Tensile Coupon Tests
- 3 Stub Column Tests
- 4 Design Methods
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- 3D Printable Low-Carbon Concrete with Nano-silica Pretreated Recycled Fine Aggregates
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Flowability and Rheological Properties
- 3 Compressive Strength
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- 3D Printing of Large-Scale Biodegradable Material
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 2.1 Materials
- 2.2 Pumpability and Printing Test Parameters
- 2.3 Mycelium Growth Test
- 3 Results
- 3.1 Pumpability and Printing Test Results
- 3.2 Mycelium Growth Result
- 3.3 Demonstration by Printing Lattice with Sawdust
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- High-Performance 3D Concrete Printing with Zeolite
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Materials
- 3 Setting Behavior
- 4 Slump and Flowability
- 5 Printing Performance
- 6 Suggestions for Future Studies
- 7 Conclusions
- References
- Robotic Repair: In-Place 3D Printing for Repair of Building Components Using a Mobile Robot
- 1 Introduction
- 2 State of the Art
- 3 Mobile Robot System Setup
- 4 Method and Data
- 5 Results
- 6 Conclusion and Outlook
- References
- Impact of Water to Solids Ratio on Stability, Printability, and Mechanical Characteristics of 3D Printable Foam Concrete
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Materials and Mixture Design
- 3 Test Methods
- 4 Results and Discussion
- 4.1 Fresh Properties
- 4.2 Mechanical Properties
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- Structural Deterioration and Mechanical Degradation of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3) Under Elevated Temperature
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methods
- 2.1 Model Constructions
- 2.2 Force Field and Simulation Procedure
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Structural Performance of a Large Column with an Outer Shell Formed by Short-Fiber Reinforced Mortar Extrusion
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Requirement and Mix Design of 3DCP Materials
- 2.1 3DCP Materials Required for an Outer Shell
- 2.2 Mix Design and Hardened Strength Properties
- 3 Structural Design and Construction of a Large Column
- 3.1 Geometry
- 3.2 Design Condition and Structural Properties
- 4 Reversed Cyclic Loading Test
- 4.1 Test Procedure and Measurement Items
- 4.2 Results and Discussions
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Exploration of 3D Printed Concrete With Recycled Fine and Coarse Aggregates: Material, Equipment and Performance
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Printing Materials and Equipment
- 2.1 Materials
- 2.2 Equipment
- 3 Experimental Methods, Mix and Characterization
- 3.1 Experimental Methods
- 3.2 Characterization
- 4 Experimental Results
- 4.1 Printable Performance
- 4.2 Buildability
- 4.3 Anisotropic Mechanical Performance
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Integration of Functional Materials into 3D Printing for Construction
- 1 Introduction
- 2 State of the Art Functional Materials
- 2.1 Functionally Graded Materials
- 2.2 Self-sensing Cementitious Composites
- 2.3 Sensor Embedment
- 2.4 Acoustic Absorbing Concrete
- 3 Exploration of Functional Materials in NTU
- 3.1 Functionally Graded Material
- 3.2 Self-sensing Cementitious Composites
- 3.3 Sensor Embedment
- 3.4 Acoustic Absorbing Concrete
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Effects of Vinyl Acetate and Ethylene Copolymer on Printing and Mechanical Performances of 3D Printing Cementitious Materials
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 2.1 Material Composition and Mixing Design
- 2.2 Rheological Tests
- 2.3 Printing Tests
- 2.4 Mechanical Tests
- 3 Test Results and Discussion
- 3.1 Evolution of Static Yield Stress
- 3.2 Printing Test Results
- 3.3 Flexural Performances
- 3.4 Interlayer Bonding Strength
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed ECC Beams Reinforced with FRP Mesh
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Novel FRP Mesh Reinforcement Method on the 3DCP Beams
- 2 Experimental Program
- 2.1 Materials
- 2.2 Four-Point Bending Test
- 3 Results and Discussions
- 3.1 Reinforced Effect on the Bending Performance of Normal ECC Beams
- 3.2 Effect of FRP Mesh on the Super ECC Beams
- 3.3 Combination of FRP with Different Strain Capacity ECC
- 4 Conclusion and Perspectives
- References
- Mechanical Behaviour Investigation for the Timber-UHPC Shear Connector in 3D Printed Concrete Based Composite Beam
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Experimental Test For 3DPC-UHPC Interface
- 3 Experimental Test For Timber-UHPC Connection
- 3.1 Material Properties
- 3.2 Experimental Investigation
- 4 Test Results and Discussion
- 4.1 Test Results
- 4.2 Failure Mode
- 4.3 Load-Slip Curve
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Alkali-Activated Waste Glass-Based Geopolymer Concrete for Digital Construction
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Experimental Programme
- 2.1 Materials and Printing Process
- 2.2 Experiment Procedure
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 3.1 Effect of GWG on the Compressive Strength Properties
- 3.2 Effect of GWG on Water Absorption and AVPV Properties
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Design, Applications, and Industries
- Construction Technology of the Curved 'Mars House' Digital Hotel Project in China Using Concrete 3D Printing
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Architectural Design and Structural Design of Mars House
- 3 3D Printing Construction Technology and Process
- 3.1 Mars House 3D Printing Process
- 3.2 Personnel, Materials, and Machines for 3D Printing
- 3.3 3D Printed Concrete Mix Proportion and Performance
- 3.4 3D Printing Prefabrication of Components
- 4 Mar House On-Site Assembly and Construction
- 5 Summary
- References
- 3D Printing of Tubular Connectors for Space Frame Structures
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Materials and Methods
- 2.1 Prototype for Tubular Joints Design
- 2.2 Tubular Joining Using Additive Manufacturing
- 2.3 Printing Process
- 2.4 Metallurgical and Mechanical Characterization
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Feasibility Study on Reinforcement Placement with a BIM-Enabled Collaborative Robot System
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 2.1 Framework
- 2.2 BIM Data Processing
- 2.3 Robot Manipulation Planning
- 3 Case Study
- 4 Discussions and Conclusions
- References
- Branching Structure for Reinforcement Anchorage Produced with Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing Technique
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 3 Discussion
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Evaluation of Extrusion Methods for 3D Concrete Printing
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Background
- 1.2 Different Extrusion Methods
- 2 Materials and Methodology
- 2.1 Material Mix-Design Preparation
- 2.2 Printing Parameter
- 2.3 Evaluation Ratios
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 3.1 Limitation of the Auger-Screw Method
- 3.2 Comparison of Ram-Extruder and Direct-Pump Method
- 3.3 Head and Tailing Effect
- 3.4 Porosity in Samples
- 3.5 Extrusion Methods for Large-Scale Printing
- 4 Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Author Index
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