DNA Fingerprinting
An Introduction
1st Edition
Published on 23. September 1993
382 pages
978-0-19-804437-6 (ISBN)
Description
DNA fingerprinting is a revolutionary technique that enables scientists to match minute tissue samples and facilitates scientific studies on the composition, reproduction, and evolution of animal and plant populations. As a tool for positive identification of criminals, it plays a particularly important role in forensic science. The first book to be published in the field, , DNA Fingerprinting is a practical guide to basic principles and laboratory methods as applied to a variety of fields including forensic analysis, paternity testing, medical diagnostics, animal and plant sciences, and wildlife poaching.
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09/1993
Oxford University Press Inc
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Content
- Intro
- CONTENTS
- 1. INTRODUCTION
- DEFINITION
- HISTORY
- A CASE FOR DNA
- APPLICATIONS
- REFERENCES
- 2. GENETIC PRINCIPLES
- DNA STRUCTURE
- Nuclear DNA
- Organelle DNA
- DNA FUNCTION
- REPRODUCTION
- LINKAGE
- PEDIGREE ANALYSIS
- MUTATION
- RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASES
- CONCEPT OF POLYMORPHISM
- RECOMBINANT DNA
- BASE SEQUENCE DETERMINATION
- OLIGONUCLEOTIDE SYNTHESIS
- REPETITIVE SEQUENCE ORGANIZATION
- NOMENCLATURE OF ARBITRARY DNA SEGMENTS
- REFERENCES
- 3. LABORATORY ORGANIZATION
- LABORATORY SECTIONS
- Office
- Specimen Documentation
- Specimen Processing
- General Preparation
- Vector Handling
- Amplification by PCR
- Hybridization and Radioisotope Handling
- Darkroom
- Result Interpretation
- Tissue Culture
- Wash-up Area
- EQUIPMENT SUMMARY
- OPERATION
- Personnel
- Work Flow
- Safety
- REFERENCES
- 4. SPECIMENS
- COLLECTION
- STORAGE AND TRANSPORT
- DNA EXTRACTION
- Principles
- Automated System
- Manual System Organic Solvent Extraction
- Manual System Nonorganic Solvent Extraction
- DIALYSIS
- RNAASE TREATMENT
- QUANTITATION
- DNA CONCENTRATION
- QUALITY DETERMINATION
- EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS INCLUDING CONTAMINATING DNA ON DNA PROFILES
- ANALYSIS REAGENTS
- REFERENCES
- 5. DNA AMPLIFICATION
- POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
- Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AMP-FLPs)
- Advantages of PCR
- Pitfalls in PCR
- A PCR Protocol
- PROBE AMPLIFICATION
- TISSUE CULTURE
- REFERENCES
- 6. ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES
- RESTRICTION ENZYME CLEAVAGE
- GEL-BLOT ORGANIZATION
- Forensic
- Parentage
- Size Markers
- ELECTROPHORESIS
- Equipment
- Reagents
- Procedure
- PHOTOGRAPHY
- DNA RECOVERY
- MEMBRANE TRANSFER
- Southern Blots
- Dot-(Slot-) Blots
- RADIOISOTOPE PROBE LABELING
- NONRADIOISOTOPE PROBE LABELING
- HYBRIDIZATION
- Principles
- Procedures
- PCR Products
- PRINT DETECTION
- BLOT STRIPPING AND REPROBING
- DATA PROCESSING
- Allele Fragment Size Determination
- Digital Analysis
- The FBI System
- Interpretation of Profile Matches
- PROFILE REPORT
- DNA PROFILE DATA BASES
- POTENTIAL PITFALLS
- TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
- ANALYSIS COST
- ANALYSIS REAGENTS
- REFERENCES
- 7. PROBES, ALLELE MUTATIONS, AND RESTRICTION ENZYMES
- PROBES
- Polymorphism
- Tandem Repeat Single-Locus vs. Multilocus Probes
- Oligonucleotide Probes
- Amplification and Stability
- Availability
- Probes Used in Forensic Analysis
- MUTATIONS
- Allele Formation
- Genotype Analysis
- RESTRICTION ENZYMES
- Recognition Site Features
- Fragment Resolution
- Sensitivity to Inhibitors and Stability
- Price and Availability
- The Enzymes Selected for Forensic Analysis
- REFERENCES
- 8. PROBABILITY AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
- STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY
- Random Sampling
- Data Presentation
- Summary Statistics
- Statistical Inference
- Hypothesis testing
- PROBABILITY
- Probability of Combined Events: Addition and Multiplication Rules
- Bayes' Theorem and Revision of Probabilities
- Random Variables and Distributions
- Genetic Applications of Probability
- REFERENCES
- 9. QUALITY CONTROL
- DNA TEST SYSTEM STANDARDS
- CORRECT SPECIMEN
- DNA QUALITY
- DNA CONTAMINATION
- ANALYSIS CONTROL
- SHEWHART SYSTEM
- RESULT INTERPRETATION
- REFERENCES
- 10. LEGAL AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
- THE IMPACT OF DNA TYPING
- THE LEGAL STANDARDS FOR ADMISSIBILITY OF DNA TYPING
- The Frye Test
- Ascertaining General Acceptance
- Proper Application of the Technique
- The Relevancy Test of Admissibility
- Another Approach
- Legislated Admissibility of DNA Typing
- DNA Data Banking
- LEGAL FOUNDATION FOR GENERAL ADMISSIBILITY
- Obtaining Known and Unknown Biological Samples
- Chain of Custody
- Proper Laboratory Procedures
- PROCEDURAL AND ETHICAL CONCERNS
- Procedural Safeguards
- Ethical Concerns
- CONCLUSION
- NOTES
- 11. CASE APPLICATIONS
- FORENSIC
- Cases
- PARENTAGE
- Cases
- MEDICAL
- Applications
- ANIMAL SCIENCES
- Cases
- WILDLIFE POACHING
- The Smoking Gun
- PLANT SCIENCES
- FUTURE
- REFERENCES
- APPENDIX I: GUIDELINES FOR A QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM FOR DNA RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM ANALYSIS
- APPENDIX II: THE COMBINED DNA INDEX SYSTEM (CODIS): A THEORETICAL MODEL
- APPENDIX III: SUPPLIERS OF DNA ANALYSIS EQUIPMENT, PRODUCTS, OR SERVICES
- GLOSSARY
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- W
- X
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- ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS
- NAME INDEX
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
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- K
- L
- M
- N
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- P
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- SUBJECT INDEX
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
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- H
- I
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