The Digital Transformation of Logistics
Description
The digital transformation is in full swing and fundamentally changes how we live, work, and communicate with each other. From retail to finance, many industries see an inflow of new technologies, disruption through innovative platform business models, and employees struggling to cope with the significant shifts occurring. This Fourth Industrial Revolution is predicted to also transform Logistics and Supply Chain Management, with delivery systems becoming automated, smart networks created everywhere, and data being collected and analyzed universally.¿The Digital Transformation of Logistics: Demystifying Impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution¿provides a holistic overview of this vital subject clouded by buzz, hype, and misinformation.
The book is divided into three themed-sections:
- Technologies¿such as self-driving cars or virtual reality are not only electrifying science fiction lovers anymore, but are also increasingly presented as cure-all remedies to supply chain challenges. In¿The Digital Transformation of Logistics: Demystifying Impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the authors peel back the layers of excitement that have grown around new technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), 3D printing, Robotic Process Automation (RPA), Blockchain or Cloud computing, and show use cases that give a glimpse about the fascinating future we can expect.
- Platforms¿that allow businesses to centrally acquire and manage their logistics services disrupt an industry that has been relationship-based for centuries. The authors discuss smart contracts, which are one of the most exciting applications of Blockchain, Software as a Service (SaaS) offerings for freight procurement, where numerous data sources can be integrated and decision-making processes automated, and marine terminal operating systems as an integral node for shipments. In¿The Digital Transformation of Logistics: Demystifying Impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, insights are shared into the cold chain industry where companies respond to increasing quality demands, and how European governments are innovatively responding to challenges of cross-border eCommerce.
- People¿are a vital element of the digital transformation and must be on board to drive change.¿The Digital Transformation of Logistics: Demystifying Impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution explains how executives can create sustainable impact and how competencies can be managed in the digital age - especially for sales executives who require urgent upskilling to remain relevant. Best practices are shared for organizational culture change, drawing on studies among senior leaders from the US, Singapore, Thailand, and Australia, and for managing strategic alliances with logistics service providers to offset risks and create cross-functional, cross-company transparency.
The Digital Transformation of Logistics: Demystifying Impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution¿provides realistic insights, a ready-to-use knowledge base, and a working vocabulary about current activities and emerging trends of the Logistics industry. Intended readers are supply chain professionals working for manufacturing, trading, and freight forwarding companies as well as students and all interested parties.
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Persons
JOHANNES KERN is an affiliated professor at Tongji University, where he researches buyer-supplier relationships and the digital transformation of logistics. As the General Manager of Xiezhi Consulting, he enables international companies in China to optimize their entire supply chain, including sourcing, transportation, warehousing, and production. Johannes holds a Ph.D. from Technische Universität Darmstadt in Germany.
Content
List of Contributors xix
Author Biographies xxi
Foreword xxix
Acknowledgments xxxiii
A Note from the Series Editor xxxv
Section I Introduction 1
1 Demystifying the Impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on Logistics: An Introduction 3 Mac Sullivan
Introduction 3
Future of Work in the Fourth Industrial Revolution 3
The Role of Digital Transformation 4
Hub Economy Companies Leading the Way 5
Current State of the Logistics Industry 5
Effects of the Second and Third Industrial Revolutions on Logistics 5
Technology Is Easy; But People Are Hard 6
The Role of Startups in the Logistics Community 6
Logistics Companies Under Pressure 7
Technology Investments by Logistics on the Rise 7
New Entrants Threaten Status Quo 8
Disintermediation Threat Looming 8
Navigating a Digital Transformation 9
Budget Considerations for Technological Upgrades 9
Lessons Learned from Other B2B Industries 10
Automation Leading in Terms of Return on Investment 10
Winners and Losers of a Digital Transformation 11
The Necessity of Economies of Scale 11
Foundations of a Digital Transformation 12
Prioritization of Technology Exploration 12
Connectivity Standardization in Logistics 12
New Business Models Emerging 13
Participation in Platforms and Marketplaces 14
Zoom Out/Zoom In Approach 14
The Time Is Now 15
Conclusion 16
Key Takeaways 17
References 17
Section II Technologies 21
2 Technologies Driving Digital Transformation 23 Mac Sullivan
References 25
3 Logistics Management in an IoT World 27 Axel Neher
Introduction 27
Logistics Management in an IoT World 29
Get Connected 29
Criteria for Defining the Right Things 30
Sensors and Identification 30
Means of Connection 31
Triggers 31
Standards 31
Security 32
Get Decisions 33
Get Prepared 34
Data Quality 34
Organization 35
Skills 35
Ecosystem 36
Conclusion 36
Key Takeaways 38
References 39
4 Additive Manufacturing: Shaping the Supply Chain Revolution? 41 Johannes Kern
Introduction 41
AM Supply Chain 42
Evaluation 43
Advantages 43
Bottlenecks 44
Technologies and Materials 46
Technologies 46
Materials 47
Application Scenarios 50
Market and Trends 51
Market 51
Trends 52
Conclusion 53
Key Takeaways 55
References 55
5 The Role of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) in Logistics 61 Mac Sullivan, Walter Simpson, and Wesley Li
Introduction 61
Companies Under Pressure 61
RPA as a Solution 62
Evaluating Heavyweight IT to Lightweight IT Automation 62
Achieving Operational Excellence 63
Process Improvement on the Rise 63
Outsourcing Versus Automation 64
Center of Excellence as a Leader of RPA 64
RPA: Hype or Realistic Solution 65
The Facts 65
Rote, Repetitive Tasks Ripe for Automation 65
Process Considerations of Implementing RPA 66
Motivating Example: Konica Minolta Using RPA 67
Konica Minolta's RPA Roadmap 68
Use Cases for RPA in Logistics 70
Track and Trace 70
RPA Adoption at DHL 71
Navigating Your RPA Journey 71
Who Should Own This RPA Journey? 71
Process Mining and Process Mapping 72
Choosing the Right RPA Provider 72
Change Management Considerations 73
RPA Implementation Announcement 73
Liberated Knowledge Workers 74
Interacting with RPA 74
Training the Bot 74
Next Evolution of RPA Training 75
Conclusion 75
Key Takeaways 76
References 76
6 Blockchain Will Animate Tomorrow's Integrated Global Logistics Systems 79 Nicholas Krapels
Introduction 79
The Origins of Blockchain Technology 81
The Potential of Blockchain Technology 84
Revolution via Protocol 84
Essential Properties of Blockchain 85
Blockchain Applications in Logistics 88
Public Blockchain Applications in Logistics 88
Private Blockchain Applications in Logistics 89
Conclusion 92
From Trusted Actors to Trustless Networks 92
Key Takeaways 94
References 94
7 Digitalization Solutions in the Competitive CEP Industry - Experiences from a Global Player in China 97 Scott Wang and Johannes Kern
Introduction 97
Challenges in Key Logistics Segments 97
Digitalization Solutions Today 98
E-Commerce in China and Its CEP Market 100
A New Competitive Environment 101
Digitalization Solutions of the Future 102
Internet of Things (IoT) 102
Artificial Intelligence (AI) 103
Blockchain 104
Case Study: Enhanced Address Translation Through AI 106
Conclusion 109
Key Takeaways 109
Acknowledgements 110
References 110
8 Understanding the Impacts of Autonomous Vehicles in Logistics 113 Lionel Willems
Introduction 113
Evolution of AGVs 114
Intelligent Logistics 116
The Automation of Indoor Transport Systems 116
Opportunities for AGVs 117
Challenges of Adopting AGVs 118
The Automation of Outdoor Transport Systems 119
History of the Automation of Outdoor Transport Systems 119
Opportunities and Challenges in Logistics 120
Drones and Their Use in Logistics 122
Conclusion 124
Key Takeaways 124
References 125
9 Logistics in the Cloud-Powered Workplace 129 John Berry
The Cloud Revolution 129
Growing Dominance of Cloud Computing 130
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) 130
Platform as a Service (PaaS) 131
Software as a Service (SaaS) 132
Enabling New Business Models 132
How Software Drives Logistics 133
Warehouse Management Systems (WMS) 134
Transportation Management Systems (TMS) 134
Shortcomings of Conventional Logistics Software 135
Complexity 135
Difficult Data Integration 135
The Impact of SaaS on Logistics 136
A New Technology Delivery Model 136
SaaS Warehouse Management Systems 137
SaaS Transportation Management Systems 138
APIs 138
SaaS-Enabled Value Creation 139
Automation 139
Integration 141
Analytics and Artificial Intelligence 141
Conclusion 142
Key Takeaways 143
References 143
Section III Platforms 147
10 Platforms Enabling Digital Transformation 149 Mac Sullivan
References 151
11 The Digital Transformation of Freight Forwarders: Key Trends in the Future 153 Ruben Huber
Introduction 153
The Specter of the Digital Transformation 153
Actors in the Shipment Cycle 153
Key Trends That Will Shape the Future 154
Technology 154
Specialization 156
Omnichannel 157
Virtualization 158
Reshaping Logistics Service 159
Collaboration Is Key 160
Digitalization Impact for White-Collar Workers 162
The Regulatory Environment 163
Conclusion 163
Key Takeaways 164
References 165
12 International Trade Revolution with Smart Contracts 169 Matías Aránguiz, Andrea Margheri, Duoqi Xu, and Bill Tran
The Blockchain Revolution 169
Smart Contracts 171
Smart Legal Contracts 171
Service Level Agreements 171
Smart Contracts in International Trade 172
Paperless Trade 172
Trade Finance 173
Bill of Lading 173
Letter of Credit 174
Trade Facilitation 174
Smart Import Declaration 175
Trusted Payment 176
we.trade Case Study 177
Information Distribution 178
Information Transmission 178
Tradelens Case Study 178
Information Symmetry 178
Smart Contract Initiatives 179
Government Initiatives 179
Chinese Central Bank 179
South Korea 179
Private Initiatives 180
Mizuho Bank Using IBM 180
Marco Polo Trade Initiative 180
Risks and Challenges of the Implementation 180
Technological Challenges 180
Scalability 180
Sustainability 181
Security 181
Interoperability Challenges 181
Compatibility 181
Data Standardization 182
Legal Issues 182
Validity 182
Privacy 182
Conclusion 182
Key Takeaways 183
References 183
13 Exploring China's Digital Silk Road 185 Andre Wheeler
Introduction 185
Digital Integration and Supply Chain Along China's BRI 186
Challenges of Digitization for the Freight Industry Along the BRI 189
Challenges in China 190
System Connectivity Challenges 191
Digital Silk Road as an Answer to the Digitalization Deadlock 191
Summary 193
Key Takeaways 194
References 195
14 Marine Terminal Operating Systems: Connecting Ports into the Digital World 197 Ira Breskin and Ayush Pandey
Introduction 197
Terminal Operating Systems 198
Ports and Local Governments Recognizing the Value of Modern TOS 198
An Increasingly Competitive TOS Software Market 199
Navis as a Terminal Operating System 200
Breaking Down the Costs of Implementing a TOS 202
What to Consider When Selecting a TOS? 202
Importance of Visibility at the Terminal 203
Digital Communication is Key 204
The Future of Terminal Operating Systems 204
Conclusion 206
Key Takeaways 207
References 207
15 Improving Cross-Border eCommerce Through Digitalization: The Case of Compliance in B2C Shipments 209 Simon de Raadt and Jiao Xu
Introduction 209
Customs Clearance as a Barrier Constraining Growth 210
Lack of Integration as the Root Cause of Customs Misdeclaration 212
How the Digitalization Can Revolutionize Cross-Border ECommerce 214
Increased Customer Satisfaction 215
Supply Chain Visibility 215
Speed of Customs Clearance 216
Technology as Enabler for a Cooperative Model 217
Technical Requirements 219
Conclusion 219
Key Takeaways 220
References 220
16 Enabling Platform Business Models for International Logistics 223 Sam Heuck and Cory Margand
Introduction 223
Current International Logistics Technology Landscape 225
The BCO's Perspective 230
The Future 232
SimpliShip: Deeper Dive into an Existing Logistics Marketplace 233
The Era of Data and the Impact on the Workforce 235
Conclusion 238
Key Takeaways 238
References 238
17 The Evolution of the Cold Chain: A Story of Increasing Complexity Amidst a Sea of Traditional Thinking 243 Alex von Stempel
Introduction 243
Cold Chain Transportation 243
Cold Chain Transportation Modes 244
Ocean Freight 244
Airfreight 246
Technological Differentiation Between Air and Ocean Cold Chain Transportation 246
Cold Chain Transportation Considerations 247
Condition Monitoring 247
Controlled Atmosphere (CA) 248
Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) 249
Evolution of Cold Chain Transportation 249
Technology Solutions 251
Blockchain 251
IoT and AI 252
Gaps to be Addressed 252
Food Safety as the Key 253
Conclusion 253
Key Takeaways 254
References 254
Section IV People 257
18 People Navigating Digital Transformation 259 Johannes Kern
References 261
19 Change Management Falling Short - the Call for Business Transformation 263 Michael Teubenbacher
Introduction 263
Change Management and Business Transformation - Two Sides of the Same Coin? 264
Business Transformation in the Context of "Digital" 265
Change Management in the Context of "Digital" 267
Business Transformation and Change Management in the Context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Logistics 271
Conclusion 274
Key Takeaways 275
References 275
20 Organizational Culture Change: Process to Sustainably Improve Performance 277 Robert Mostert and Johannes Kern
Introduction 277
OCC Business Practices 279
Strategic Matching 279
Purpose, Vision, and Mission 281
Values and Beliefs 281
Recruitment and Placement 283
Training and Development 283
Rewards and Recognition 284
Performance Management and Feedback 285
Artifacts 286
OCC at Toll 287
Background 287
New Purpose, Values, and the Case for Change 288
Changing the Way to Manage Performance 291
Tone from the Top (Leadership) 292
Next Steps 292
Conclusion 293
Key Takeaways 294
References 295
21 Competence Management as an Enabler for the Digital Transformation of the Supply Chain 299 Jiayu Sun
Introduction 299
Competence Management in Supply Chain Functions 300
Fundamentals of Competence Management 300
Bosch Case Study: A Competence Model Example 300
Current Competencies Required 301
Future Competences Needed 301
Digital Transformation Competence Management: A Learning Transformation 303
Fundamentals of Learning 303
Transitioning from Passive Learning to Active Learning 304
Transitioning from Classroom Training to Digital Learning 305
Future Learning Trends 305
Micro-learning 305
Mobile Learning 306
AR/VR 306
Blended Learning 307
Conclusion 307
Key Takeaways 308
References 308
22 Impacts of Digitalization on Traceability: A Case Study of the Carbon Fiber Supply Chain 311 Cameron Johnson
Introduction 311
Carbon Fiber, The Material of the Future 312
Global Supply Chains: A Fragmented Picture 312
Several Constraints Characterize the Global Supply Chain 313
Case Studies on Lack of Material Traceability and Digitalization 314
Case Study 1: An Aerospace Company Losing a Qualified Supplier 314
Quality Management 315
Quality Control 315
Standards 315
Case Study 2: Traceability, Which Affects Efficiency and Compliance 315
Case Study 3: A Global Carbon Fiber Converter's Internal Waste System Could Use an Upgrade 318
Tracking Waste 319
Compliance 320
Digitalization Benefits in the Global Carbon Industry 320
Implementation Challenges 320
Manual Entry 320
Cost 321
Training and staffing 321
Motivation 321
Digitization Opportunities 321
Conclusion 322
Key Takeaways 322
References 323
23 The Evolution of Freight Forwarding Sales 329 Mac Sullivan, Dennis Wong, and Zheyuan Tang
Introduction 329
The Rise of the Digital Freight Forwarder as a New Entrant 329
Market Shifts 330
Amazon Effect 330
Instant Visibility and Pricing 331
Redefining Customer Service 332
The Evolution of Freight Forwarding Sales 332
The Traditional Sales Representative 332
Traditional Sales Reps Evolving 333
Rise of Technology and Its Effects on Sales 333
Connectivity 334
Freight Forwarding Sales Executives at Risk of Losing Their Jobs? 335
Analytical and Creativity as Valued Skills 335
Future Job Market 336
Sales Enablement in a Digital Age 336
Information 337
Training 338
Talent 338
New Cultures and Skills 339
Conclusion 340
Key Takeaways 341
References 341
24 Managing and Selecting Logistics Service Suppliers 345 Colin Cobb and Dyci Sfregola
Introduction 345
Identifying Business Needs, Capacity, and Capabilities 346
Motivational Example 347
Background 347
Current State Enterprise Network 348
Services that Will Be Needed to Achieve the Goal 348
Industry Vertical Experience 348
Technology Solutions 348
Forecasted and Desired Demand 348
Previous Wins and Challenges 348
Deconstructing the Issues 349
Defining a Solution 349
Choosing a Solution 350
Sourcing and Managing Suppliers in the Continuum 350
Strategies for Developing Strategic Alliance 351
The Vested Outsourcing Model 351
Pricing Considerations for Outsourcing 353
The Roadmap for Success: Onboarding, Measurements, and Service Level Agreements 354
Key Performance Metrics 355
On-Time Delivery (Inbound) 355
Order Accuracy 355
Cost per Shipment 355
Customer Order Cycle Time 356
Carrier Scan Rate 356
Inbound (Purchased) Order Cycle Time 356
Inventory Accuracy 356
Fill Rate 356
Data or Document Transfer Error Rate 357
Logistics Billing Accuracy 357
Supplier Development and Managing the Supplier Relationship 357
Conclusion 358
Key Takeaways 358
References 359
Section V Conclusion 361
25 The Digital Transformation of Logistics: A Review About Technologies and Their Implementation Status 363 Johannes Kern
Introduction 363
State of Digitalization in Logistics and Supply Chain Management 365
Logistics Infrastructure 365
Seaports 365
Airports 366
Warehousing 368
Logistics Execution 371
Road Transport 371
Sea Transport 376
Air Transport 378
Courier, Express, and Parcel Delivery (CEP) 381
Logistics Services and Advisory 387
Conclusion 391
Key Takeaways 393
Acknowledgments 394
References 394
Glossary 405
Index 435
Author Biographies
Editors
Mac Sullivan
Mac Sullivan is currently the Head of Technology and Digital Promotion at NNR Global Logistics. In this role, he oversees a portfolio of programs that leverage technology to create operational and commercial efficiency. Mac has an MBA from Hult International Business School and is pursuing his PhD from East China Normal University in the field of Political Theory. In addition to working for the past eight years in international logistics, he teaches Supply Chain Management at Texas Christian University and Cross-cultural Communication at Tongji University.
Johannes Kern
Johannes is an Affiliated Professor of Supply Chain Management at Tongji University, China and General Manager of Xiezhi Consulting. His research focuses on logistics, purchasing, and supply chain management, particularly on buyer-supplier relationships and the digital transformation of logistics. He supports international companies in China to optimize the whole supply chain, including sourcing, transportation, warehousing, and production. Prior to that he worked in various functions in purchasing and logistics at the Bosch Group in Asia-Pacific where he led teams and managed strategic projects in China, Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, Japan, and India. Johannes holds master's degrees from the University of Munich, Germany; Emlyon Business School, France; Aston University, UK and a PhD from Technical University Darmstadt in Germany.
Authors
Matías Aránguiz
Matías is a Chilean lawyer but has moved into the area of financial technology and artificial intelligence. Currently he is deputy director of the Program of Law, Science and Technology of the Catholic University of Chile and partner in the law firm Quarkz. In addition, he is currently pursuing his PhD in the Regulation of AI in Financial Markets from Shanghai Jiaotong University. He received his Master's in Finance from Shanghai University of Finance and Economics.
John Berry
John is currently the IT Director for JUSDA Supply Chain Management, a member of the Foxconn Technology Group. In this role he leads a team that develops and implements technology solutions for the global manufacturing supply chain. Prior to JUSDA, John was the IT Director for NNR Global Logistics, a non-asset-based logistics provider. At NNR, John directed the USA IT operation as well as several global technology initiatives. This included leading various software development projects that powered NNR's air freight, ocean freight, customs, and warehousing operations. With 28 years of experience in IT, John enjoys helping a new generation of technologists establish careers in the supply chain and logistics field. John blogs at http://www.johnberry.us.
Ira Breskin
Ira Breskin is a senior lecturer at State University of New York Maritime College. He teaches applied economics, expository writing, and maritime history courses.
Breskin also is the author of The Business of Shipping (ninth edition), a seminal book that addresses industry economics, operations, and regulation.
He joined the SUNY Maritime faculty in September 2003 after completing a 25-year career as a reporter/editor for several business publications. He continues to do freelance writing.
Breskin has a BA from Columbia University, an MBA from Dowling College, and a MS in International Trade and Transportation from SUNY Maritime. He has won several academic fellowships including a Knight Bagehot at Columbia University and a National Endowment for the Humanities award to study maritime history at Mystic Seaport.
Colin Cobb
Colin recently served as the Vice President of B2B, leading sales operations for nuLOOM/RUGSUSA.com, one of the largest global rugs and decor brands. He also has experience in leading the e-commerce divisions for multiple consumer goods manufacturers in the home space. In addition to leading omni-channel and e-commerce teams, Colin has over 10 years of experience in supply chain and logistics management. His contributions with various organizations have expanded into digital marketing, product development, and optimizing retail dropship networks. He has a Master's in Logistics and Supply Chain Management from Georgia College State University, as well as his six-sigma black belt.
Simon de Raadt
Simon is Vice President Europe at HyperSKU, Managing Partner at MAiNS International, and co-founder of DigiDutch. He has been based in China since 2011 and active in cross-border trade and e-commerce logistics between China and Europe. His specialty lies in e-commerce parcel deliveries from and to China. Prior to MAiNS, he has been working at TNT Post, Capgemini, and various other positions. Simon has a Master's degree in Business Economics at the University of Amsterdam.
Samuel Heuck
Sam is the founder and director of Atlas Sourcing Partners, a Hong Kong-based trading company specializing in building materials. For six years, he was based in Shanghai where he led the turnarounds of two manufacturing businesses. Sam has transactional and operating experience in over 15 countries including India, Vietnam, and Germany with extensive experience and focus on China and Asia-Pacific. At press time, he was an MBA candidate at MIT Sloan School of Management.
Ruben Huber
Ruben grew up in the trucking and warehousing business in Germany and held various management and executive roles in leading shipping lines, NVOCCs and intermodal operators across Europe, China and the Middle East. Today he is consulting on strategy, digitalization, internationalization, and logistics. He is the founder and director of OceanX, a network and think tank of leading seafreight specialist firms. He has a freight forwarding education, holds a German degree in business economics and an MBA from Aston University.
Cameron Johnson
Cameron has 20 years of experience in management across various industries in China. He drives the strategic consulting and advising initiatives at Tidal Wave Solutions. His expertise focuses on developing and executing strategy in difficult business environments, turning a business around to profitability, and operational excellence across a global company.
Cameron was a long-serving Asia General Manager at a leading carbon fiber company, where he worked in close collaboration with European and US stakeholders, suppliers, downstream customers, and regulators. He participates extensively in the American Chamber of Commerce where he served as the Chairman of the Aerospace Sub-committee in 2015-2017, and co-chaired the Future Leaders Committee from 2016-2018. He is currently Vice Chair of the Manufacturers' Business Council, and an advisor to the National IDC Industrial Technological Innovation Strategic Alliance, a China-based technology association.
Nicholas Krapels
Nic is the Managing Director for DarcMatter China. He is a leading blockchain expert in the Asia-Pacific region and an experienced financial consultant. He has an MBA from the University of South Carolina and is pursuing his PhD in Political Theory from East China Normal University.
Wesley Li
Wesley Li is an IT and service operations director with more than 17 years of combined experience in the logistics, freight forwarding, manufacturing, business consulting, and technology services industries.
Over the past few years, Wesley has been focusing on bringing business and IT together and promoting the concept of "IT Business Partner," shaping the traditional IT culture to fit the new IT business world. As a senior manager, he has been closely working with CEO and the senior management team to promote, drive, and resolve business issues by applying new technology. This great experience has given him many new business insights and turn them into innovations. He has demonstrated a capability to achieve business goals through innovative technology. He has a broad range of technical and information security expertise coupled with highly effective communications and interpersonal skills.
Cory Margand
Cory is the co-founder and CEO of SimpliShip, which is an international air and ocean freight SaaS-powered marketplace for freight procurement including a full suite of APIs. Cory has 14 years' experience in supply chain management working with companies like Adidas and Rockport. Cory has a Master's in Operations Design and Leadership from Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
Andrea Margheri
Andrea Margheri is a Cyber Security researcher and consultant specialized in digital identities and blockchain technology. Andrea holds a Ph.D. in Computer Science from the University of Pisa. Specialized in the design and deployment of access management systems, Andrea was with the University of Southampton where he coordinated research initiatives on blockchain in the context of EU H2020 projects and UK-founded industrial projects.
Robert Mostert
Robert Mostert is Head of Human Resources of the Global Forwarding Division of the Toll Group. He joined Toll in March 2018 after having worked for nine years for Standard Chartered Bank (SCB), where he was Global Head of HR of its Risk function, followed by a number of years as Head of HR of its Global Information Technology area and SCB's Global Shared Services Centers.
Prior to his time at SCB, Robert worked as Global Director Human Resources of the Biochemicals...
