
Clouds and Their Climatic Impact
Description
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Clouds are an influential and complex element of Earth's climate system. They evolve rapidly in time and exist over small spatial scales, but also affect global radiative balance and large-scale circulations. With more powerful models and extensive observations now at our disposal, the climate impact of clouds is receiving ever more research attention.
Clouds and Their Climatic Impacts: Radiation, Circulation, and Precipitation presents an overview of our current understanding on various types of clouds and cloud systems and their multifaceted role in the radiative budget, circulation patterns, and rainfall.
Volume highlights include:
- Interactions of aerosol with both liquid and ice clouds
- Surface and atmospheric cloud radiative feedbacks and effects
- Arctic, extratropical, and tropical clouds
- Cloud-circulation coupling at global, meso, and micro scales
- Precipitation efficiency, phase, and measurements
- The role of machine learning in understanding clouds and climate
The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
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Persons
Sylvia C. Sullivan, University of Arizona, USA, and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany.
Corinna Hoose, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany.
Content
List of Contributors ix
Preface xiii
1 Science of Cloud and Climate Science: An Analysis of the Literature Over the Past 50 Years 1
Sylvia C. Sullivan and Corinna Hoose
Part I Clouds and Radiation
2 An Overview of Aerosol-Cloud Interactions 15
Hamish Gordon, Franziska Glassmeier, and Daniel McCoy
3 Ice Crystal Complexity and Link to the Cirrus Cloud Radiative Effect 47
Emma Jarvinen, Bastiaan van Diedenhoven, Nathan Magee, Steven Neshyba, Martin Schnaiter, Guanglang Xu, Olivier Jourdan, David Delene, Fritz Waitz, Simone Lolli, and Seiji Kato
4 Cloud-Radiation Interactions and Cloud-Climate Feedbacks From an Active-Sensor Satellite Perspective 87
Gregory V. Cesana, Andrew S. Ackerman, Thibault Vaillant de Guelis, and David S. Henderson
Part II Cloud Types
5 A Review of the Factors Influencing Arctic Mixed-Phase Clouds: Progress and Outlook 105
Ivy Tan, Georgia Sotiropoulou, Patrick C. Taylor, Lauren Zamora, and Manfred Wendisch
6 Extratropical Cloud Feedbacks 133
Daniel T. McCoy, Michelle E. Frazer, Johannes Mulmenstadt, Ivy Tan, Christopher R. Terai, and Mark D. Zelinka
7 Tropical Marine Low Clouds: Feedbacks to Warming and on Climate Variability 159
Timothy A. Myers, Raphaela Vogel, Florent Brient, Hossein Parishani, and Ryan C. Scott
8 Mechanisms for the Self-Organization of Tropical Deep Convection 179
Jan O. Haerter and Caroline Muller
9 An Overview of Mesoscale Convective Systems: Global Climatology, Satellite Observations, and Modeling Strategies 195
Sudip Chakraborty, Sylvia C. Sullivan, and Zhe Feng
Part III Clouds and Circulation
10 Interactions Between the Tropical Atmospheric Overturning Circulation and Clouds in Present and Future Climates 225
Kathleen A. Schiro and Hui Su
11 Clouds and Radiatively Induced Circulations 239
Tra Dinh, Blaz Gasparini, and Gilles Bellon
12 The Small-Scale Mixing of Clouds with Their Environment: Impacts on Micro- and Macroscale Cloud Properties 255
Fabian Hoffmann
Part IV Clouds and Precipitation
13 Precipitation Efficiency and Climate Sensitivity 273
Nicholas J. Lutsko, Steven C. Sherwood, and Ming Zhao
14 Observed Scaling of Precipitation Extremes With Surface Temperature and Convective Available Potential Energy 287
Wenhao Dong and Yanluan Lin
15 Satellite Precipitation Measurements: What Have We Learnt About Cloud-Precipitation Processes From Space? 303
Maki Kikuchi, Scott A. Braun, Kentaroh Suzuki, Guosheng Liu, and Alessandro Battaglia
Part V Outlook
16 Machine Learning for Clouds and Climate 327
Tom Beucler, Imme Ebert-Uphoff, Stephan Rasp, Michael Pritchard, and Pierre Gentine
Index 347
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
Andrew S. Ackerman
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies
New York, NY, USA
Alessandro Battaglia
Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering
Polytechnic University of Turin
Turin, Italy
and
Department of Physics and Astronomy
University of Leicester
Leicester, UK
Gilles Bellon
Department of Physics
The University of Auckland
Auckland, New Zealand
and
Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques
Université de Toulouse, Météo France, CNRS
Toulouse, France
Tom Beucler
Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics
University of Lausanne
Lausanne, Switzerland
and
Department of Earth System Science
University of California Irvine
Irvine, CA, USA
and
Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering
Columbia University
New York, NY, USA
Scott Braun
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Greenbelt, MD, USA
Florent Brient
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique
Institut Pierre Simon Laplace
Sorbonne University, CNRS
Paris, France
Grégory V. Cesana
Center for Climate Systems Research
Columbia University
New York, NY, USA
and
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies
New York, NY, USA
Sudip Chakraborty
Institute for Harnessing Data and Model Revolution in the Polar Regions
Department of Information Systems
University of Maryland, Baltimore County
Baltimore, MD, USA
and
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Pasadena, CA, USA
David Delene
Department of Atmospheric Sciences
University of North Dakota
Grand Forks, ND, USA
Bastiaan van Diedenhoven
SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research
Leiden, The Netherlands
and
Center for Climate System Research
Columbia University
New York, NY, USA
Tra Dinh
Department of Physics
The University of Auckland
Auckland, New Zealand
Wenhao Dong
Cooperative Programs for the Advancement of Earth System Science
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
Boulder, CO, USA
and
NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory
Princeton, NJ, USA
and
Department of Earth System Science
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling
Institute for Global Change Studies
Tsinghua University
Beijing, China
Imme Ebert-Uphoff
Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere
Colorado State University
Fort Collins, CO, USA
and
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Colorado State University
Fort Collins, CO, USA
Zhe Feng
Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Richland, WA, USA
Michelle E. Frazer
Department of Geosciences
Pennsylvania State University
University Park, PA, USA
and
Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
Princeton University
Princeton, NJ, USA
Blaz Gasparini
Department of Meteorology and Geophysics
University of Vienna
Vienna, Austria
Pierre Gentine
Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, and Columbia Climate School
Columbia University
New York, NY, USA
Franziska Glassmeier
Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing
Delft University of Technology
Delft, The Netherlands
Hamish Gordon
Department of Chemical Engineering, and Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies
Carnegie Mellon University
Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Jan O. Haerter
Complexity and Climate
Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research
Bremen, Germany
and
Constructor University
Bremen, Germany
and
Niels Bohr Institute
Copenhagen University
Copenhagen, Denmark
David S. Henderson
Space Science and Engineering Center
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Madison, WI, USA
Fabian Hoffmann
Meteorological Institute
Faculty for Physics
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
Munich, Germany
Corinna Hoose
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Karlsruhe, Germany
Emma Järvinen
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Karlsruhe, Germany
Olivier Jourdan
Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique
Université Clermont Auvergne/OPGC/CNRS
Clermont-Ferrand, France
Seiji Kato
NASA Langley Research Center
Hampton, VA, USA
Maki Kikuchi
Earth Observation Research Center
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
Ibaraki, Japan
Yanluan Lin
Department of Earth System Science
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling
Institute for Global Change Studies
Tsinghua University
Beijing, China
Guosheng Liu
Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science
Florida State University
Tallahassee, FL, USA
Simone Lolli
Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis
National Research Council of Italy
Tito, Italy
and
CommSensLab
Department of Signal Theory and Communications
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
Barcelona, Spain
Nicholas J. Lutsko
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
University of California San Diego
La Jolla, CA, USA
Nathan Magee
Department of Physics
The College of New Jersey
Ewing, NJ, USA
Daniel T. McCoy
Department of Atmospheric Science
University of Wyoming
Laramie, WY, USA
Caroline Muller
Information and System Sciences
Institute of Science and Technology Austria
Klosterneuburg, Austria
and
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique
Paris Sciences Lettres/Institut Pierre Simon Laplace
Paris, France
Johannes Mülmenstädt
Department of Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Richland, WA, USA
Timothy A. Myers
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
University of Colorado
Boulder, CO, USA
and
Physical Science Laboratory
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Boulder, CO, USA
and
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Livermore, CA, USA
Steven Neshyba
Department of Chemistry
University of Puget Sound
Tacoma, WA, USA
Hossein Parishani
Ansys, Inc.
Irvine, CA, USA
and
Department of Earth System Science
University of California Irvine
Irvine, CA, USA
Michael Pritchard
Department of Earth System Science
University of California Irvine
Irvine, CA, USA
Stephan Rasp
Google Research
San Francisco, CA, USA
and
ClimateAi
San Francisco, CA, USA
and
Meteorological Institute
Faculty for Physics
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
Munich, Germany
Kathleen A. Schiro
Department of Environmental Sciences
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, VA, USA
Martin Schnaiter
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Karlsruhe, Germany
Ryan C. Scott
NASA Langley Research Center
Hampton, VA, USA
Steven C. Sherwood
Climate Change Research Centre and ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes
University of New South Wales
Sydney, Australia
Georgia Sotiropoulou
Laboratory of Atmospheric Processes and their Impacts
School of Architecture, Civil & Environmental Engineering
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Lausanne, Switzerland
and
Department of Meteorology, and
Bolin Center for Climate Research
Stockholm University
Stockholm, Sweden
and
currently at the Department of Physics
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Athens, Greece
Hui Su
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Hong Kong SAR
and
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
University of California Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA, USA
Sylvia C. Sullivan
Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, and
Department of Hydrology & Atmospheric Science
University of Arizona
Tucson, AZ, USA
and
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Karlsruhe, Germany
Kentaroh Suzuki
Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute
The University of Tokyo
Chiba, Japan
Ivy Tan
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
McGill University
Montreal, Canada
and
formerly at
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Greenbelt, MD, USA
and affiliated with
University of Maryland Baltimore County
Baltimore, MD, USA
Patrick C. Taylor
Climate Science Branch
NASA Langley Research Center
Hampton, VA, USA
Christopher R. Terai
Atmospheric, Earth, and Energy Division
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Livermore, CA, USA
Thibault Vaillant de Guélis
Science Systems and Applications,...
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