System Engineering of Phased Arrays

Name: System Engineering of Phased Arrays
Brand: Artech House
Price: 216.99 EUR
Availability: OnlineOnly

Rick Sturdivant(Author)

Artech House (Publisher)

1st Edition

Published on 31. December 2018

288 pages

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System requirements

978-1-63081-489-2 (ISBN)

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Content

Intro
Systems Engineering of Phased Arrays
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Part I System Engineering Activities
1 The Systems Engineering Process and Its Application to Phased Arrays
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Methodological Reductionism
1.3 The Systems Engineering Approach
1.4 The Three-Phase Process
1.5 Phase 1: Concept Development
1.5.1 Needs Analysis
1.5.2 Alternatives Exploration
1.5.3 Trade Studies and Baseline Selection
1.5.4 New Technology Validation
1.5.5 Risk Management Plan
1.5.6 Other Concept Development Activities
1.6 Phase II: Engineering Development
1.6.1 Typical Engineering Activities for Phased Arrays
1.6.2 Antenna Development
1.6.3 Integrated Circuit Development
1.6.4 T/R Module Development
1.6.5 Thermal Design and Heat Transfer Development
1.6.6 Beamformer Development
1.6.7 Digital Receiver/Exciter Development
1.6.8 Mechanical Structure Development
1.6.9 Production Plan Development
1.6.10 Acceptance Testing
1.6.11 Other Functions
1.6.12 Outputs from Engineering Development
1.7 Phase III: Post-Development
1.7.1 Production
1.7.2 Deployment
1.7.3 Operation and System Maintenance
1.7.4 Eventual Decommissioning
1.8 Conclusions
1.9 Problems
References
2 Phased Array System Architectures
2.1 Introduction to Phased Array System Architectures
2.2 Phased Array System Basics
2.3 Phased Array Architectures
2.3.1 Passive Phased Arrays
2.3.2 AESA
2.3.3 AESA with Phase Shifters at Each Element and at Each Subarray
2.3.4 Element-Level Digital Beamforming
2.3.5 Other Methods
2.4 Array Architectures for T/R Module Integration
2.5 Array Beamforming Options
2.6 Polarization Diverse and Wideband Arrays
2.7 Conclusions
2.8 Problems
References
3 Use Cases for Phased Arrays
3.1 Introduction to Use Cases
3.2 High-Altitude Platform Station
3.2.1 Introduction to HAPS
3.2.2 HAPS System Description with Key Challenges and Benefits
3.2.3 HAPS Examples and Summary
3.3 Medical Applications of Phased Arrays
3.3.1 Introduction to Medical Phased Arrays
3.3.2 Medical Arrays System Description with Key Challenges and Benefits
3.3.3 Medical Phased Array Examples and Summary
3.4 Phased Array for 5G MIMO Broadband
3.4.1 Introduction 5G Broadband Phased Arrays
3.4.2 5G Phased Array System Description with Key Challenges and Benefits
3.4.3 5G Phased Array Examples and Summary
3.5 Airborne Radar for Fighter Aircraft
3.5.1 Introduction to Military Phased Arrays
3.5.2 Airborne Phased Array System Description with Key Challenges and Benefits
3.5.3 Airborne Phased Array Examples and Summary
3.6 Conclusions
3.7 Problems
References
4 Phased Array Concept Development Example
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Needs Assessment-A Common Starting Point
4.3 Technology Opportunities
4.4 System Architecting
4.5 The SAI Method for New System Concept Development
4.6 Application of the Modified SAI Method to Broadband Access for Small to Medium-Size Public Venues
4.6.1 Step 1: Determine Value Proposition and Constraints
4.6.2 Step 2: Identification of Potential Perturbations
4.6.3 Step 3: Identify Desired Ilities
4.6.4 Step 4: Generate Function Alternatives
4.6.5 Step 5: Generate Architecture Options
4.6.6 Step 6: Select the "Best" Architecture Option
4.7 Conclusions
4.8 Problems
References
Part II Detailed Development Activities
5 Antenna Element Technology Options
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Based Concepts of Antennas
5.3 Antenna Development Process
5.4 Conventional Dipole
5.5 Planar Inverted-F Antenna
5.6 Meander Line Antenna
5.7 Microstrip Patch Antennas
5.8 Bowtie Dipole Antenna
5.9 Waveguide Radiators
5.10 Reflector Antenna
5.11 Vivaldi Tapered Slotline Antenna
5.12 Low-Profile Vivaldi Tapered Slot Antennas
5.13 Tightly Coupled Dipole Array
5.14 Conclusions
5.15 Problems
References
6 Transmit/Receive Modules
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Technical Challenges Often Faced in T/R Module Development
6.2.1 Heat Transfer
6.2.2 Signal Integrity
6.2.3 Integration with Other Functions
6.2.4 Materials Compatibility
6.2.5 Electromagnetic Coupling
6.3 General Description of the T/R Module
6.3.1 System Location of the T/R Module
6.3.2 T/R Block Diagram
6.4 T/R Module Detailed Description
6.4.1 Low Noise Amplifier
6.4.2 Low Noise Amplifier Protection
6.4.3 High-Power Amplifier and Driver Amplifier
6.4.4 Phase Shifter
6.4.5 Duplexer
6.5 T/R Module Manufacturing and Test
6.5.1 Integrated Circuit Manufacturing
6.5.2 Package Manufacturing
6.5.3 Interconnects Types
6.5.4 T/R Module Test
6.6 Examples of T/R Modules
6.6.1 A 3-D Ceramic T/R Module for Space-Based Applications
6.6.2 T/R Module Using Laminate Circuit Board Technology
6.6.3 60-GHz CMOS T/R Module Integrated with Antennas
6.7 Conclusions
6.8 Problems
References
7 Thermal Design, Heat Transfer Trade Studies, and Reliability
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Heat Transfer Fundamentals at the Integrated Circuit Level
7.3 Reliability and MTTF
7.4 Example: Millimeter-Wave SATCOM Front End
7.5 Array Cooling Methods
7.5.1 The Challenge of Phased Array Cooling
7.5.2 Brick Array Cooling
7.5.3 Tile Array Cooling
7.6 Other Reliability Drivers for Phased Arrays
7.7 Materials Used for Thermal Management
7.8 Conclusions
7.9 Problems
References
8 Analog versus Digital Beamforming
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Benefits and Challenges in Analog Beamforming
8.3 Benefits and Challenges in Digital Beamforming
8.4 Basic Digital Beamforming
8.5 Adaptive Beamforming
8.6 Errors in Beamforming and Their Effects
8.7 Multiple Access Methods for 5G Phased Arrays
8.7.1 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
8.7.2 Code Division Multiple Access
8.7.3 Other Access Technologies
8.8 Conclusions
8.9 Problems
References
9 Digital Receiver Exciters
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Digital Receiver Architecture Options
9.3 Example Trade Study on Digital Receiver Architecture
9.4 Digital Exciter Architecture Options
9.5 Main Components of a Digital Receiver Exciter
9.5.1 Low Noise Amplifier
9.5.2 Digital Attenuator
9.5.3 Frequency Mixer
9.5.4 Preselection, Image Rejection, and Antialiasing Filters
9.5.5 Frequency Multipliers
9.5.6 ADC
9.6 Analysis of DRXs
9.7 Conclusions
9.8 Problems
References
Part III System Modeling and Advanced Development Activities
10 Phased Array System Modeling
10.1 Introduction
10.2 LFOV Receiver Array
10.3 Multichannel Communication System Design
10.4 Stripmap Synthetic Aperture Radar
10.5 Radar Detection Performance
10.6 Conclusions
10.7 Problems
References
Appendix 10A Excel Spreadsheet for the LFOV Array
Appendix 10B Scilab Code for the Communication System Receiver Array
Appendix 10C Scilab Code for the Stripmap SAR Simulation
Appendix 10D Gaussian ROC Curve Derivation
11 Advanced Development Activities for Phased Arrays
11.1 Introduction
11.2 System Risk Management
11.3 Advanced Development Activities
11.4 Types of Advanced Development Risk Reduction Activities
11.5 Typical Risks in Phased Array Development
11.6 Advanced Development Impacts All Levels of the System
11.7 Other Risk Analysis Topics
11.8 Conclusions
11.9 Problems
References
12 Conclusions
About the Authors
Index

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System Engineering of Phased Arrays

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