Design Patterns in Fluid Construction Grammar
1st Edition
Published in December 2011
XI, 332 pages
978-90-272-8168-5 (ISBN)
Description
Construction Grammar is enthusiastically embraced by a growing group of linguists who find it a natural way to formulate their analyses. But so far there is no widespread formalization of construction grammar with a solid computational implementation. Fluid Construction Grammar attempts to fill this gap. It is a fully operational computational framework capturing many key concepts in construction grammar. The present book is the first extensive publication describing this framework. In addition to general introductions, it gives a number of concrete examples through a series of linguistically challenging case studies, including phrase structure, case grammar, and modality. The book is suited both for linguists who want to know what Fluid Construction Grammar looks like and for computational linguists who may want to use this computational framework for their own experiments or applications.
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Content
- Design Patterns in Fluid Construction Grammar
- Editorial page
- Title page
- LCC data
- Table of contents
- Foreword
- References
- Part 1. Introduction
- Introducing Fluid Construction Grammar
- 1. Background
- 2. What are constructions?
- 3. Construction-based language processing
- 3.1 Parsing and production
- 3.2 Rich chunks versus local rules
- 4. Fluid Construction Grammar
- 4.1 Basic principles
- 4.2 Efficiency issues
- 4.3 Damping search
- 4.4 Flexibility and fluidity
- 5. Design patterns and templates
- 5.1 Design patterns
- 5.2 Templates
- 6. Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- A first encounter with Fluid Construction Grammar
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Representing transient structures
- 2.1 Units
- 2.2 List notation
- 2.3 Representing hierarchy
- 2.4 Representing the form of an utterance
- 2.5 Representing meaning
- 2.6 Representing categorizations
- 3. Constructional processing
- 4. Representing constructions
- 4.1 Basics
- 4.2 Variables in FCG
- 4.3 Operators
- 4.4 Hierarchical structure
- 5. Influencing construction application
- 5.1 The search space
- 5.2 Construction sets and networks
- 6. Templates
- 7. Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Part II. Grammatical structures
- A design pattern for phrasal constructions
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Functional and constituent structure
- 3. Representing meaning and form
- 3.1 Representing meaning
- 3.2 Representing form
- 4. Lexical constructions
- 5. Functional constructions
- 6. Phrasal constructions
- 6.1 Combining constituents
- 6.2 Agreement and percolation
- 6.3 Linking variables
- 6.4 Constructional form and meaning
- 7. Other examples of phrasal constructions
- 7.1 Building adjectival phrases
- 7.2 Building nominals
- 7.3 The postposed-genitive
- 8. Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- A design pattern for argument structure constructions
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Grammar square for argument structure
- 2.1 Mapping between participant roles and semantic roles
- 2.2 Mapping between semantic roles and syntactic roles
- 2.3 Mapping between syntactic roles and surface form
- 2.4 A constructional approach?
- 3. A design pattern for argument structure
- 3.1 Example: Sent
- 3.2 Operationalization through templates
- 4. Representing participant structure
- 4.1 Lexical meanings
- 4.2 Connecting meanings
- 4.3 Constructional meanings
- 5. Lexical constructions
- 5.1 Verbal lexical constructions
- 5.2 Nominal lexical constructions
- 5.3 Example of parsing
- 6. Argument structure constructions
- 6.1 Setting up the argument structure
- 6.2 Adding constructional meaning and form
- 6.3 Participant structure and mapping between semantics and syntax
- 6.4 Example of parsing
- 6.5 Applying argument structure constructions in production
- 7. Assessment and outlook
- 7.1 A usage-based approach
- 7.2 Consequences for grammar design
- 8. Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Part III. Managing processing
- Search in linguistic processing
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Construction application
- 2.1 Initial structure
- 2.2 Producing an utterance
- 2.3 Parsing an utterance
- 3. Search in linguistic processing
- 3.1 Incomplete processing
- 3.2 Multiple construction application orders
- 3.3 Overlapping constructions
- 4. Discussion
- 5. Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Organizing constructions in networks
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Families of constructions
- 2.1 An operational example: Family of transitive constructions
- 2.2 Why related constructions are problematic for processing
- 2.3 Solving processing problems by defining a network
- 3. Streamline linguistic processing through dependency networks
- 3.1 Bottlenecks in constructional processing
- 3.2 Learning constructional dependency networks
- 3.3 How dependency networks streamline linguistic processing
- 4. Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Part IV. Case studies
- Feature matrices and agreement
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Traditional approaches to ambiguity and indeterminacy
- 2.1 Disjunctive feature representation
- 2.2 Type hierarchies
- 3. Feature matrices
- 3.1 Exploiting underspecification
- 3.2 Empowering the matrix through variables
- 4. Disambiguation in coordination constructions
- 5. Handling feature indetermination
- 6. Implementing feature matrices in Fluid Construction Grammar
- 6.1 Grammatical paradigm
- 6.2 Subscribing ambiguous constructions and units to the paradigm
- 6.3 Subscribing indeterminate constructions and units to the paradigm
- 6.4 Agreement and percolation
- 7. Relation to other work
- 7.1 Ingria (1990)
- 7.2 Dalrymple et al. (2009)
- 8. Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Construction sets and unmarked forms
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Hungarian verbal agreement
- 2.1 Semantics
- 2.2 Syntax
- 2.3 Phonology
- 3. Operationalization - Part I
- 3.1 Lexical construction set
- 3.2 Functional and grammatical construction sets
- 3.3 The grammatical construction set (cont.)
- 3.4 The morphological construction set
- 4. Operationalization - Part II
- 4.1 Re-defining the morphological constructions
- 4.2 Adapting the lexicon
- 5. Unmarked forms
- 5.1 Unmarked morphology
- 5.2 Unmarked argument structure
- 5.3 Footprints
- 6. Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Syntactic indeterminacy and semantic ambiguity
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Semantic ambiguity and syntactic indeterminacy
- 3. The actual-potential design pattern
- 4. Handling semantic ambiguity
- 4.1 One source of semantic ambiguity
- 4.2 Perspective marking
- 4.3 Processing locative phrases - syntax and semantics of adverbs and prepositions
- 5. Feature matrices
- 5.1 Representing the state of information
- 5.2 Percolation and agreement
- 5.3 Postponing decisions
- 6. Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Part V. Fluidity and robustness
- How to make construction grammars fluid and robust
- 1. Introduction
- 2. System architecture
- 2.1 The semiotic cycle
- 2.2 Re-entrance
- 2.3 Monitoring with diagnostics
- 2.4 Repairs
- 3. Handling individual variation
- 4. Flexibility and coercion
- 4.1 Processing unknown words and meanings
- 4.2 Coercion
- 5. Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Index
