The Civil Service in Europe

Preface; Introduction; Part I: Concepts, Origins and Challenges; 1. Defining the Civil Service: Towards a Better Understanding of the Nature of Civil Service Systems in Europe; 2. Governing and Administering: The European Origins and Traditions of Civil Service; 3. The Changing Tasks and Environment of Public Administration: Challenges for the Civil Service; Part II: The Transformation of National Civil Service Systems; 4. The Civil Service in Austria: Tradition, Reforms and the Impact of European Law; 5. The Civil Service in Belgium: Between Fragmentation and Common Principles; 6. The Civil Service in Denmark: From a Public to a Private Law Employment Regime; 7. The Civil Service in France: The Evolution and Permanence of the Career System; 8. The Civil Service in Germany: A Service Based on Mutual Loyalty; 9. The Civil Service in Hungary: Differentiation and Privatisation Trends; 10. The Civil Service in Italy: A Flood of Legislative Reforms and a Few Safe Harbours; 11. The Civil Service in the Netherlands: The Normalisation of the Legal Status of Civil Servants; 12. The Civil Service in Poland: A Turbulent Path towards Professionalism, Merit-Based Recruitment and Insulation from Politicisation; 13. The Civil Service in Spain: The Deficit of Organisation in Public Employment and the Principle of Democracy; 14. The Civil Service in Sweden: Duality and Non-Specific Status of Civil Servants; 15. The Civil Service in Switzerland: Between Flexibility and Tradition; 16. The Civil Service UK Style: Facing Up to Change?; 17. The Civil Service in Ukraine: Transformation in Times of War; 18. Development of the Civil Service in a Comparative Perspective; Part III: Supra- and International Systems of Civil Service; 19. The Civil Service of the European Union; 20. The Civil Service in International Organisations: The Example of the Coordinated Organisations; Part IV: In Search of Common European Standards: Public Sector Employment Regimes; 21. Civil Service in Transition: Privatisation or Alignment of Employment Conditions?; 22. The Particular Status of the Civil Service; 23. Ensuring the Independence of the Civil Service: Civil Service, Rule of Law and Democratic Backsliding; 24. The Recruitment of Civil Servants: Bridging Democratic Requirements and Efficiency; 25. The Disciplinary Responsibility of Civil Servants: European Minimum Standards; 26. The Basic Principles of Civil Servants' Remuneration: A Legal and Human Resource Management Analysis from a European Perspective; 27. Civil Service Retirement Pension Regime; 28. Administrative Law and Bureaucratic Autonomy in a Comparative European Perspective; Part V: Gender Equality and Non-discrimination in the Civil Service; 29. EU Non-Discrimination Law and its Potential Impact on the Civil Service of the Member States; 30. Gender Equality in the Civil Service; Part VI: The Civil Service in the Digital Age; 31. The Internet and Digital Technologies as Essential Tools for the Civil Service; 32. The Civil Service and Artificial Intelligence; 33. Public Administrations and Data Protection: An Unstoppable Europeanisation through Fundamental Rights; 34. Digital Competencies in the Civil Service; Part VII: The Role of Ethics in the Civil Service, Administrative Culture and the Fight Against Corruption; 35. Ethical Standards for the Civil Service in Europe: Substitutes for or Complements of Legal Rules?; 36. The Civil Service in Transition - The Ongoing Transformation of Administrative Culture; 37. Common European Anti-Corruption-Standards for Civil Servants; 38. Europeanisation and the Impact of Deliberative and Participatory Democracy on the Civil Service; Part VIII: Rights and Freedoms of Civil Servants; 39. Right of Access to the Public Service in the European Convention of Human Rights: A Missed Opportunity?; 40. The Protection of Privacy in Civil Service Employment; 41. Freedom of Religion or Belief in the Civil Service: How to Stay Loyal to the State While Remaining True to Oneself?; 42. Freedom of Expression of Civil Servants: Balancing Duties and Responsibilities with the Requirements of Open and Free Public Debate; 43. The Development of a Legal Framework on Whistleblowing by Public Employees in the European Union; 44. The Right to Join Trade Unions and Political Parties; 45. The Right to Strike in the Civil Service; 46. The Right to a Fair Trial for Civil Servants and the Importance of the State's Interest in Applying Article 6, Paragraph 1 ECHR; Part IX: The Transformation of the Civil Service under the Influence of a New Conceptualisation of Public Administration; 47. Do Public Management Concepts Have an Impact on Civil Service Regimes?; 48. Leading Trends in the Development of the Civil Service in Europe; 49. Political Influence and the Transformation of Civil Service Systems; 50. Civil Service Adaptation and Reform in the Context of European Governance, (De-) Europeanisation and National Competition; 51. Transformational Impulses of International Law and Union Law for the Civil Service