
Simulation of Automotive Radar Point Clouds in Standardized Frameworks
Cuvillier Verlag eBooks
Published on 24. November 2021
126 pages
978-3-7369-6536-2 (ISBN)
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The simulation of the vehicle’s environmental sensors, the so-called sensor simulation, is crucial for testing and validating autonomous driving. Automobile manufacturers are increasingly focusing on a standardized architecture with a high level of abstraction. In order to simulate the sensors, such as radar sensors, most realistically on a point cloud level, data-based methods are used in many cases. In general, and specifically in case of radar sensors, there are still challenges to be faced. Therefore, four research questions are addressed:
Is it possible to generate synthetic training data for data-based models? Which statistical approaches are suitable to simulate radar point clouds and how shall their learning capacities be evaluated? Is there a modeling approach to circumvent the disadvantages of statistical modeling? How to tackle the statistical nature of radar sensors during validation?
Die Simulation der Umfeldsensoren des Fahrzeugs, die sogenannte Sensorsimulation, ist für Test und Absicherung des autonomen Fahrens entscheidend. Die Automobilhersteller setzen dabei zunehmend auf eine standardisierte Architektur mit hohem Abstraktionsgrad. Um die Sensoren, wie z.B. Radarsensoren, möglichst realitätsnah auf Punktwolkenebene zu simulieren, werden in vielen Fällen datenbasierte Methoden eingesetzt. Im Allgemeinen und speziell im Fall von Radarsensoren gilt es noch immer zahlreiche Herausforderungen zu meistern. Daher werden in dieser Arbeit vier Forschungsfragen behandelt:
Können synthetische Trainingsdaten für datenbasierte Modelle generiert werden? Welche statistischen Ansätze sind geeignet, um Radar-Punktwolken zu simulieren und wie können die Ansätze bewertet werden? Gibt es einen Modellierungsansatz, um Nachteile der statistischen Modellierung zu umgehen? Wie kann die statistische Natur bei der Validierung berücksichtigt werden?
More details
Language
English
Place of publication
Göttingen
Germany
File size
5,01 MB
ISBN-13
978-3-7369-6536-2 (9783736965362)
Schweitzer Classification
Other editions
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Book
11/2021
1st Edition
Cuvillier Verlag
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Content
- Intro
- Chapter 1 Autonomous driving andsimulational challenges
- 1.1 Safety validation and simulative test drives
- 1.2 Principles of automotive radar sensors
- 1.3 Modeling and standardized simulationframeworks
- Chapter 2 State of research in automotiveradar modeling
- 2.1 Differentiation of various modeling levels
- 2.2 Ray-tracing in environments of high-fidelity
- 2.3 Models executable in standardized environments
- 2.4 Validation and verification of sensor models
- Chapter 3 Derivation of research questions,hypotheses and objectives
- 3.2 Stochastic radar models based on deepgenerative networks
- 3.3 Hybrid multipurpose approaches for radar sensormodels
- 3.4 Deficiencies of current validation criteria
- Chapter 4 Modeling challenges related to raycone tracing
- 4.1 The caustic distance and the angular beamexpansion
- 4.2 Estimating current errors in case of multiplereflections
- 4.3 Consequences and lower bounds for the numberof rays
- Chapter 5 Approaches to statistical radar pointcloud simulation
- 5.1 Statistical formulation of radar sensor modeling
- 5.2 Kernel density estimation and radar point clouds
- 5.3 Deep generative networks as sensor models
- 5.4 Comparison of learning capacities and itsconsequences
- Chapter 6 A hybrid modeling approach forradar point clouds
- 6.1 Tracing and catching rays as the baseline
- 6.2 Improvements to the ray casting approach
- 6.3 Capabilities for data-based optimization
- 6.4 Bottom line on the hybrid modeling approach
- Chapter 7 Validation based on statisticalhypothesis testing
- 7.1 Consistency of validation criterion
- 7.2 On the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test
- 7.3 Applications to radar sensor models
- 7.4 Retrospective and future validation challenges
- Chapter 8 Conclusion and prospectivechallenges
- 8.1 Recap of the radar point cloud simulation
- 8.2 Lessons learned and future recommendations
- Nomenclatur
- References
- Index
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