The Evolution of Protein Structure and Function

List of Contributors and ParticipantsPrefaceOther Titles in the SeriesIntroductory Review to a Symposium Concerned with Forty Years of Research on Proteins Amino Acid Analysis Ribonuclease Rihonuclease Revisited The Ribonuclease Inhibitor from the Human Placenta Conclusion ReferencesEnzymology On the Role of the recA Protein of Escherichia coli in General Recombination recA Protein: A DNA-Dependent Nucleoside Triphosphatase Annealing of Complementary Single Strands of DNA Catalyzed by recA Protein Binding of recA Protein to Duplex DNA in the Presence of a Nucleoside Triphosphate Assimilation of Homologous Single Strands into Duplex DNA by recA Protein Discussion References Experimental Enzyme Evolution Evolution of Enzyme Families Experimental Evolution Evolution of Xylitol Dehydrogenases Superproduction of Ribitol Dehydrogenase Ribitol Dehydrogenase mRNA Transfer of Pentitol Operons to Escherichia coli K12 Specialized Transducing Phages Containing the Pentitol Operons Evolution of the Pentitol Operons DNA Sequences of the Pentitol Operons Conclusion References ß-Galactosidase and the Lactose Operon Text References Glycosyltransferases in Analysis of Oligosaccharide Structure and Function Introduction Purification of Glycosyltransferases Glycosyltransferases in Oligosaccharide Biosynthesis Glycosyltransferases in the Analysis of Oligosaccharide Structure and Function References Metalloenzymes Introduction Carbonic Anhydrase "Blue" Copper Proteins Cytochrome c Oxidase The Mechanism of Reduction of Dioxygen Conclusion ReferencesProtein Structure and Function Glycoprotein Hormones: Similar Molecules with Different Functions Text References Thymus Hormones: Diverse Molecules Producing Similar Biological Actions Historical Background Criteria for Designation of a Preparation as a Thymic Hormone Purified Molecules with Thymic Hormone-like Activity Protein Fraction from Human Plasma with Thymic Hormone-like Activity Biological Activities of Fraction 3 Conclusion References Chromosome Biology and Chemistry Introduction Primary Structure of the Histones Histone Sequencing-A Growth Industry Histone Biology The Expressed Portion of the Genome What Makes Chromatin Template Active? High-Mobility Group and Related Proteins A General Picture References The Evolution of Histones in Relationship to Recent Advances in Elucidating Chromatin Structure Text References Thermal Stability and Protein Structure Introduction Method Stabilizing Effects of the Preferred Exchanges Useful Exchanges for Evolving Stability Conclusions ReferencesEvolution of Proteins The Cytochromes c: An Exercise in Scientific Serendipity Electron Transport in Bacteria Cytochrome Sequence and Structure Confusion from Lateral Gene Transfer? Evolution in the Photosynthetic Bacteria Taxonomy within the Rhodospirillaceae References Neutral Changes Revisited Relation of the Genetic Code to Amino Acid Composition of Proteins One Gene, Two Proteins The Evolutionary Clock Silent Changes in mRNA Comparisons Discussion and Summary References Structure and Evolution of Photosynthetic Accessory Pigment Systems with Special Reference to Phycobiliproteins Introduction The "Accessory Light-Harvesting Domain" in Cyanobacteria and Red Algae Phycobiliproteins-The Light-Harvesti