Pond Treatment Technology
Published on 1. March 2006
496 pages
978-1-78040-249-9 (ISBN)
Description
Pond treatment technology is used in tens of thousands of applications serving many millions of people across the globe - why? Simply because it is efficient and effective. While pond treatment technology offers relative simplicity in its application, it incorporates a host of complex and diverse mechanisms that work to treat and cleanse polluted waters before their return to our environment. This book offers a comprehensive review of the pond technology field including the newest ideas and latest findings. Topics covered include: The physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the pond environment; A detailed review of pond treatment mechanisms and performance; Comprehensive guidance on pond design, operation and upgrade options; A range of chapters summarising new and emerging pond technologies; The integration of ponds with wetlands and aquaculture systems and their use as storage reservoirs; Special applications of pond technology in cold climates, for agricultural wastes and for treatment of stormwater. The objective of this book is to get this wealth of knowledge "out there" to the users to ensure the continuous improvement and ongoing success of this crucial technology.
More details
Series
Language
English
Place of publication
London
United Kingdom
Target group
College/higher education
Professional and scholarly
File size
9,89 MB
ISBN-13
978-1-78040-249-9 (9781780402499)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Other editions
Additional editions
Content
- Cover
- Copyright
- Contents
- Foreword
- Dedication
- Contributors
- 1. Introduction to pond treatment technology
- 1.1 The pond environment
- 1.2 The 'standard' pond system
- 1.3 Pond design and operation
- 1.4 Other pond types and special applications
- 1.5 Water quality and regulatory issues
- 1.6 Evaluation of the technologies
- 1.7 Summary
- References
- 2. Microbiology of waste stabilisation ponds
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Anaerobic processes and carbon removal in ponds
- 2.3 Aerobic processes and carbon removal in ponds
- 2.4 Photosynthetic processes in ponds
- 2.5 Algal diversity and factors controlling algal dominance
- 2.6 Microbial processes and nutrient removal in ponds
- 2.7 Microbiological aspects of special pond systems
- 2.8 The need for future microbiological research in ponds
- 2.9 Concluding remarks
- References
- 3. Physical and chemical environments
- 3.1 The dynamic environment
- 3.2 Light
- 3.3 Dissolved oxygen
- 3.4 pH
- 3.5 Temperature
- 3.6 Salinity
- 3.7 Elemental cycling
- 3.8 Summary
- 3.9 Research recommendations
- References
- 4. Solids and organics
- 4.1 Wastewater characteristics
- 4.2 Growth of solids and organics within a pond
- 4.3 Decay of solids and organics within a pond
- 4.4 Treatment performance
- 4.5 Summary and future research needs
- References
- 5. Nutrients
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Nutrient removal processes
- 5.3 Relative importance of processes
- 5.4 Release of nutrients from pond sludge
- 5.5 Nutrient removal efficiency
- 5.6 Improving nutrient removal
- 5.7 Summary
- 5.8 Further research
- References
- 6. Pond disinfection
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Pathogens and indicator organisms
- 6.3 Overview of disinfection
- 6.4 Sunlight-mediated disinfection
- 6.5 Bacterial pathogen removal
- 6.6 Virus removal
- 6.7 Removal and viability of helminth ova
- 6.8 Protozoan removal
- 6.9 Influence of physical design
- 6.10 Post disinfection of WSP effluents
- 6.11 Research needs
- 6.12 Summary
- References
- 7. Heavy metal removal
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Heavy metal removal processes
- 7.3 Release of heavy metals from pond sludge
- 7.4 Heavy metal removal efficiency
- 7.5 Summary
- 7.6 Further research
- References
- 8. Pond process design - an historical review
- 8.1 Loading rates
- 8.2 Empirical design equations
- 8.3 Pond design using reactor theory
- 8.4 Mathematical modelling
- 8.5 Summary
- References
- 9. Pond process design - a practical guide
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Effluent quality
- 9.3 Anaerobic ponds
- 9.4 Facultative ponds
- 9.5 Maturation ponds
- 9.6 Physical sizing
- 9.7 Pond effluent reuse
- 9.8 Design example
- 9.9 Case study
- 9.10 Future design directions
- References
- 10. Hydraulic design
- 10.1 Introduction to pond hydraulics
- 10.2 Inputs and influences on hydraulics
- 10.3 Relating hydraulics to treatment
- 10.4 Inlet design
- 10.5 Outlet design
- 10.6 Wind
- 10.7 Baffles and shape
- 10.8 Aerators, mixers and temperature
- 10.9 Summary and research recommendations
- References
- 11. Solids removal and other upgrading techniques
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 Intermittent slow sand filtration
- 11.3 Rock filters
- 11.4 Rapid sand filtration
- 11.5 Coagulation-flocculation
- 11.6 Dissolved air flotation
- 11.7 Modifications and additions to typical designs
- 11.8 Autoflocculation and phase isolation
- 11.9 Attached growth
- 11.10 Land application/treatment
- 11.11 Partial-mix aerated ponds
- 11.12 Macrophyte systems
- 11.13 Aquaculture
- 11.14 UASB
- 11.15 Ultraviolet disinfection
- 11.16 Performance comparisons with other removal methods
- References
- 12. Operation, maintenance and monitoring
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 Operation
- 12.3 Maintenance
- 12.4 Monitoring
- 12.5 Sludge
- 12.6 Emissions
- 12.7 Future developments
- References
- 13. Advanced integrated wastewater ponds
- 13.1 Introduction
- 13.2 Advanced facultative ponds
- 13.3 High rate ponds
- 13.4 Algae settling pond
- 13.5 Maturation pond
- 13.6 Treatment performance
- 13.7 AIWPS costs
- 13.8 Additional treatment
- 13.9 Resource recovery
- 13.10 Upgrading conventional WSPs
- 13.11 Treatment of other wastes
- 13.12 Summary
- 13.13 Future research needs
- References
- 14. Pond(s) integrated with trickling filter and activated sludge processes
- 14.1 Introduction
- 14.2 Anaerobic pond(s)/trickling hybrid
- 14.3 Ponds/activated sludge process hybrid
- 14.4 Ponds followed by trickling filter/activated sludge process
- 14.5 Summary and future research needs
- References
- 15. Integrated pond/wetland systems
- 15.1 Introduction
- 15.2 Constructed wetlands
- 15.3 Application of pond and CW systems
- 15.4 Design considerations
- 15.5 Summary and future research needs
- References
- 16. Integrated pond/aquaculture systems
- 16.1 Aquaculture ponds
- 16.2 Applications of ponds and aquaculture systems
- 16.3 Design considerations
- 16.4 Summary and future research needs
- Acknowledgements
- References
- 17. Wastewater reservoirs
- 17.1 Introduction
- 17.2 Operational regimes and water demand
- 17.3 The 'old' continuous-flow single reservoir
- 17.4 The 'new' batch reservoirs
- 17.5 Organic loading
- 17.6 The tools for design
- 17.7 Summary and future research needs
- References
- 18. Cold and continental climate ponds
- 18.1 Introduction
- 18.2 Process design
- 18.3 Special aspects of construction
- 18.4 Operation of extreme climate ponds
- 18.5 Pond microbiology and pathogen removal
- 18.6 Modifications and trends in design of extreme climate ponds
- 18.7 Case studies
- 18.8 Future directions
- References
- 19. Ponds for livestock wastes
- 19.1 Introduction
- 19.2 Characteristics of livestock wastes and wastewaters
- 19.3 Livestock pond design and operation
- 19.4 Farm dairy case study - New Zealand
- 19.5 Piggery case study
- 19.6 Summary and future research needs
- References
- 20. Stormwater management ponds
- 20.1 Introduction
- 20.2 Stormwater pond processes
- 20.3 Performance of stormwater management ponds
- 20.4 Design of stormwater detention and retention ponds
- 20.5 Maintenance of stormwater ponds and basins
- 20.6 Summary
- References
- Index
