Emerging Research in Computing, Information, Communication and Applications

Name: Emerging Research in Computing, Information, Communication and Applications | ERCICA 2015, Volume 1
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ERCICA 2015, Volume 1

N. R. Shetty N.H. Prasad N. Nalini(Editor)

Springer (Publisher)

1st Edition

Published on 17. July 2015

XX, 580 pages

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978-81-322-2550-8 (ISBN)

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Prof. N R Shetty is former Vice-Chancellor of Bangalore University and President of Indian Society for Technical Education, New Delhi. He is currently leading Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology (NMIT), Bangalore. He is also founder Vice-President of International Federation of Engineering Education Societies (IFEES), Washington D.C, USA and President of Forum of Former Vice-Chancellors of Karnataka State universities. He served as Vice Chancellor Bangalore University for two terms and President of ISTE, New Delhi three terms. He was also a Member of the Executive Committee of AICTE and Chairman of South West Region committee of AICTE. He was key contributor in the start up of Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology (NMIT) at Bangalore as a technical institution to cater the needs for the engineering profession.

Dr. Prasad N Hamsavath is presently working as Professor and Head, Department of Master of Computer Applications & Advisor - Foreign Students at Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Bangalore. He has completed his Bachelor of Commerce from Nagarjuna University, Andhra Pradesh in the year 1999 and MCA (2002), M.Tech (2004) and PhD (2012) from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. Dr. Prasad N H has more than 12 years of experience in different roles in both public and private sector enterprises. He has served as Deputy Director in Software Technology Parks of India (STPI), Ministry of Communication and Information Technology, New Delhi, Government of India from 2005 to 2008 and received the Best Employee award in the year 2007 by then Director-STPI-Noida. He has also served in Educational Consultants India Limited (EdCIL India Limited), Ministry of Human Resource and Development, New Delhi, Govt. of India from 2009-12 as Head of Department for New Initiative Division. He has over 5 years of experience working in the software engineering domain with companies including JK Technologies and Calance Software. He served as guestfaculty member for the Birla Institute of Technology, Noida. His research interests include Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET), Information Systems, and Computer Networks. He has served to promote Indian Education abroad under an MHRD initiative, in a number of countries including Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Thailand, Mauritius, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Bhutan, and Oman. He holds lifetime memberships of ISTE, CSI and ACEEE. He has received the prestigious "Dr. Abdul Kalam Life Time Achievement Award" for his services to the community through profession and also received a "Young Faculty" award at 2nd Academic Brilliance Awards hosted by Education Expo Tv at New Delhi.

Dr. Nalini. N is presently working as Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Bangalore. She completed her B.E from Kuvempu University in the year 1996 and MS from BITS, Pilani in the year 1999 and her PhD from Visvesvaraya Technological University in the year 2007. She has more than 17 years of teaching and 10 years of research experience. Her research interests are Cryptography and Network Security, Wireless Sensor Networks, and Security issues in Cloud Environment. She has several international publications to her credit. She has received the "Bharath Jyothi Award "by Dr.Bhishma Narain Singh, Former Governor of Tamilnadu and Assam, given out by the India International Friendship Society. She is a lifetime member of ISTE, CSI, ACEEE and IIFS.

Content

Intro
Preface
Organizing Committee
About the Conference
Acknowledgments
Contents
1 Symmetric Key Encryption Through Data Structure and Binary-Gray Conversion
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Problem Statement
3 Underlying Algorithm
3.1 Input
3.2 Space Encryption
3.3 Content of the Encrypted Text File
3.4 Ciphered Key
3.5 Decryption of Ciphered Key
3.6 Content of Text File After Decryption
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
2 Doubly Inserted Sort: A Partially Insertion Based Dual Scanned Sorting Algorithm
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Problem Under Consideration
3 Flow of Algorithm
4 Step by Step Solution of the Newly Proposed Algorithm Based on C Code
5 Time Complexity
5.1 Best Case
5.2 Average Case
5.3 Worst Case
6 A Brief Comparison Study Among the Conventional Iterative and Recursive Algorithms with the Doubly Inserted Sort
7 Conclusion
References
3 A Rotation Based Encryption Technique Using Symmetric Key Method
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Problem Definition
3 Underlying Process
3.1 Input
3.2 Message After Encryption
3.3 Message After Decryption
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
4 An Identification of Abnormalities in Dental with Support Vector Machine Using Image Processing
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Our New Approach
4 A Framework Model for Defect Analysis
4.1 Preprocessing
4.2 Image Segmentation
4.3 Feature Extraction
5 Conclusion
References
5 Noval Asynchronous Addition Architectures for Portable Applications
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The 2:1 Multiplexer Adder
3 Adder for Reducing Sum Validation Time
4 Introduction of OECS
5 Simulation and Analysis
6 Conclusion
References
6 Reliability Analysis of Exponential Models Based on Skewness and Kurtosis
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 MLE and MVUE of R(T)
3 Skewness and Kurtosis of Reliability Functions
4 Conclusion
References
7 Missing Value Imputation with Unsupervised Kohonen Self Organizing Map
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Proposed Approach
4 Experimental Results
5 Neural Network Training for Milk Products
6 Conclusion
References
8 An Improved Single Sign-On Mechanism by Enhancing the Functionality of Reverse Proxy
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Summary of the Design
2 Related Work
2.1 Need for This Design
3 Implementing the SSO Design
3.1 Ajax Routine Implementation
3.2 Reverse Proxy Implementation
3.3 Profiling Service and Backend Server
4 Results
4.1 Security Aspects
4.2 Design Evaluation
5 Conclusion
5.1 Scope and Limitation
6 Future Expansion
References
9 Energy and Current Consumption Analysis for Classic Bluetooth and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Stages of SPP and SPPLE Profile Application Developed
2.1 Classic Bluetooth
2.2 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
3 Experimental and Configuration Setup
3.1 Classic Bluetooth
3.2 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
4 Analysis for Energy Consumption for Classic Bluetooth and BLE
5 Conclusion
References
10 Design and Evaluation of BER for Ultra-Wide-Band System for Different Modulation Schemes
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Similar Work
3 Proposed Methodology
4 Simulated Results
4.1 Input Constellation
4.2 Received Constellation
4.3 Received UWB Signal
4.4 BER Versus Eb/No
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
11 Image Denoising Using Multiresolution Analysis with Local Pixel Grouping and Principal Component Analysis
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 LPG-PCA Denoising
3 Multiresolution Analysis and Its Application to Denoising
3.1 Daubechies Wavelets
3.2 Symlets (Symmetrical Wavelets)
3.3 Biorthogonal Wavelets
4 Bilateral Filter
5 Methodology of Implementation of the Proposed Algorithm
6 Experimental Results
7 Conclusion
12 Path Planning and Controlling of Autonomous Robot
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 System Requirements
3 Problem Solving Methodology
4 Results and Discussions
5 Conclusion
References
13 A New Approach of Compression of Large Community Graph Using Graph Mining Techniques
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Compressed Representation Models
2.1 A General Compressed Graph Representation
2.2 MDL Representation
2.3 Approximate Representation
2.4 Label Compatible Representations
3 Existing Algorithms
3.1 Cost of Grouping Nodes
3.2 Greedy Algorithm
4 Proposed Algorithm and Procedures
4.1 Algorithm Community_Graph_Compression()
4.2 Procedure--I
4.3 Procedure--II
4.4 Procedure--III
4.5 Procedure--IV
4.6 Procedure--V
4.7 Procedure--VI
4.8 Procedure--VII
4.9 Explanation
4.10 Example
5 Conclusion
References
14 Application of Linear Search Algorithm in Control of TRMS
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Mathematical Modeling
3 Proposed Control Scheme
4 Simulation Results
5 Conclusion
References
15 Discrete Cosine Transform Features in Automated Classification of Cardiac Arrhythmia Beats
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methdology
2.1 Database Used
2.2 Denoising and Segmentation
2.3 Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)
2.4 Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
2.5 Analysis of Variance Test (ANOVA)
2.6 k-Fold Cross Validation
2.7 k-Nearest Neighbour Classifier (k-NN)
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
16 Trust Based Node Scheduling Protocol for Target Coverage in Wireless Sensor Networks
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Proposed Network Model
3.1 Assumptions of Model
4 Proposed Protocol
4.1 Communication Trust
4.2 Energy Trust
4.3 Data Trust
4.4 Direct Trust
4.5 Recommendation Trust
4.5.1 Recommendation Familiarity
4.5.2 Recommendation Reliability
4.6 Recommendation Trust
4.7 Indirect Trust
4.8 Trust Value Updating
5 Validation
6 Conclusion
References
17 Enhancing Security of Banking Locker System Using Secret Sharing Scheme Based on Random Grids
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
3 Proposed System
3.1 Steps for Enrolment
3.2 Steps for Authentication
4 Results
5 Conclusion and Future Scope
References
18 Double Auction Mechanism for Spectrum Trading in Combinatorial Domain
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The Model
3 Existing Scheme
4 Pricing Rule (EMDA)
5 Algorithm
6 Simulation Results
7 Conclusions
References
19 ORPT: Probabilistic Modelling of Optimal Routing in Peak Traffic in Optical Network
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Proposed System
3 Result Analysis
4 Conclusion
References
20 Linear Congruential Sequences: Feedback and Recurrent Neural Networks
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Linear Congruential Sequences: Random Number Generation
3 Linear Congruential Sequences: Associated Non-linear Dynamical System
3.1 Cycle Length of ``Modulo'' Dynamical System
4 Modulo Neuron: Dynamics of Structured Neural Networks
4.1 Modulo Neuron
4.2 Modulo Neuron Based Recurrent Neural Networks: Dynamics
5 Conclusion
References
21 SABR: Secure Authentication-Based Routing in Large Scale Wireless Sensor Network
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Problem Identification
4 Proposed System
5 Algorithm Implementation and Results
6 Conclusion
References
22 Novel Key-Management to Resist Illegitimate Intrusion from Rogue Access Points in WLAN
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Proposed Model
3 Algorithm Implementation
4 Outcomes
5 Conclusion
References
23 Performance Investigation of Energy Aware Routing Protocol for Heterogeneous WSNs
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Architecture of Wireless Sensor Node
1.2 Energy Model
1.3 Routing Challenges and Design Issues in WSN
1.4 Problem Statement
1.5 Summary
2 Related Work
3 Performance Investigation
3.1 The MLCC Construction Algorithm
3.2 Modus Operandi
4 Experimental Outcomes
5 Conclusion
References
24 Use of NoSQL Database for Handling Semi Structured Data: An Empirical Study of News RSS Feeds
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Introduction to NoSQL Database
3.1 Features of NoSQL Databases
3.2 Key-Value Databases
3.3 Column-Oriented Databases
3.4 Document-Oriented Databases
3.5 Graph Databases
4 Query Design in NoSQL
5 Experimental Study: Data Management of News RSS Feeds Using Document Oriented NoSQL Database (Mongodb)
5.1 News RSS Feeds
5.2 Document Oriented NoSQL Database (MongoDB)
5.3 News RSS Feeds and MongoDB
6 Conclusion and Future Work
Acknowledgments
References
25 MLO: Multi-level Optimization to Enhance the Network Lifetime in Large Scale WSN
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Proposed Model
4 Algorithm Implementation
5 Conclusion
References
26 A Technique for Multi-tier Key Distribution for Securing Group Communication in WSN
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Problem Identification
4 Proposed System
5 Algorithm Implementation and Results
6 Results Discussion
7 Conclusion
References
27 Real-Time Energy Dissipation Model for Mobile Devices
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Proposed Model
3.1 Modelling Signalling Properties
3.2 Modelling Data Transfer Properties
4 Result Analysis
5 Conclusion
References
28 Network Intrusion Detection in Cloud Computing
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
3 Proposed Security Framework
3.1 Framework Background: Snort and Associative Classifier
3.2 Design of the Proposed Security Framework
4 Experimental Evaluation
5 Conclusion
References
29 An Optimized & On-Demand Time Synchronization in Large Scale Wireless Sensor Network: OOD-TS
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Proposed System
4 Result Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
30 Lossless Compression of Medical Image to Overcome Network Congestion Constraints
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Proposed Model
4 Result Analysis
5 Conclusion and Future Scope
References
31 Natural Language Compiler for English and Dravidian Languages
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
3 Design Methodology
4 Architecture
4.1 Find Meanings
4.2 Solve Commands
4.3 Convert Intermediate Code
5 Working Procedure
5.1 Dictionary Words
5.2 Commands
5.3 Language Elements
6 Result Analysis
7 Conclusion
References
32 An Efficient Session Initiation Protocol for Secure Communication in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Our Authentication Protocol
2.1 System Setup Phase
2.2 Registration Phase
2.3 Vehicle to RSU Authentication
2.4 Password Change Phase
3 Security Analysis
4 Performance Analysis
5 Conclusion
References
33 An Enhanced Secure Authentication Scheme for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Proposed Scheme
3.1 Network Model
3.2 System Setup
3.3 Message Signing
3.4 Message Authentication
3.5 Key Generation and Updating
3.6 Vehicle Revocation
4 Security Analysis
5 Performance Analysis
6 Conclusion
References
34 CALS: Collaborative Architecture of Learning System for Sentiment Analysis
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Proposed Identification
3.1 Data Complexity
3.2 Data Availability
3.3 Incompatibility Towards Analytical Operation
4 Collaborative Architecture of Learning System
5 Implementation
6 Result Analysis
7 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
35 An Integrated Xbee Arduino and Flower Pollen Algorithm Approach for Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Localization Experimental Scenario
3 Flower Pollen Localization Algorithm
4 Conclusion
References
36 Spectral Estimation Using Improved Recursive Least Square (RLS) Algorithm: An Investigational Study
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Spectral Estimation
2.1 Spectral Representation of a Random Process
2.2 Energy Spectral Density of Deterministic Signals
2.3 Various Techniques of Spectral Estimation
2.3.1 Limitations
3 Recursive Least Square Algorithm
3.1 Recursive Least Squares (RLS) Adaptive Filter
3.2 Mathematical Explanation of RLS Algorithm
3.3 Applicability of Recursive Least Square Algorithm
3.4 Limitations of RLS Algorithm
4 APES Estimation
5 Research Gap
5.1 Narrowed Survey
5.2 Few Benchmarked Studies
5.3 Repetitive Nature of Implementation
6 Summary and Future Work
References
37 RAICB: Robust Authentication Immunity Cloud Bucket for Secure Cloud Storage System
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Cloud Storage Security
2.1 Authentication Controls
2.2 Authentication Options
2.3 Authorization Controls
3 Related Work
4 Identified Issues
5 Proposed Model
5.1 Client's Priviledge
5.2 Administrator Priviledge
6 Implementation
6.1 Implementing Client's Registration
6.2 Implementing Key Generation Process
6.3 Implementing Session for Key Generation
6.4 Implementing the Key Validation
7 Result Analysis
8 Conclusion
References
38 An Intelligent Road Navigator for Visually Impaired Persons Using MSER
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Proposed System Overview
3.1 Finding MSER Regions on Grey Scale
3.2 Edge Detection
3.3 Finding Candidate Edges
3.4 Filtering Using Connected Component Analysis
3.5 Applying OCR
3.6 Refining the Detected Text
3.7 Video Text Detection and TTS
4 Performance Analysis
5 Conclusion
References
39 Microbenchmark Based Performance Evaluation of GPU Rendering
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Rendering Pipeline
2.2 Immediate Mode Rendering
2.3 Tile Based Rendering
2.4 Tile Based Deferred Rendering
3 Microbenchmark and Implementation
4 Benchmark Results
5 Conclusion
References
40 High Capacity Wet Pixel Based Steganography with Improved Security
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Proposed Model
4 Algorithm
4.1 Embedding Process
4.2 Extraction Process
5 Results
6 Conclusions and Future Work
References
41 An Approach of DDOS Attack Detection Using Classifiers
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Are You Dead Yet?
1.2 Slowloris
2 Related Work
3 Proposed Method
4 Experimental and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
42 Enhancing Privacy Preservation of Stature System Through Homomorphic System
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Definitions
2.1 Centralized Stature Systems
2.2 Distributed Stature Systems
2.3 The Classification by the Three Dimensions as Being Fundamental to Any Reputation System: [3]
2.4 Additive Homomorphic Cryptosystems
3 Background
3.1 Survey on Stature Systems
3.2 The Round-Trip Reputation Protocol [16]
3.3 The k-Shares Reputation Protocol [18]
4 Formal Definition
5 Proof of Work
5.1 Working of Paillier Cryptosystem [6]
5.2 Working of Updated Cryptosystem
6 Experimental Evaluation and Future Directions
7 Conclusion
References
43 Simple, Secure, Efficient, Lightweight and Token Based Protocol for Mutual Authentication in Wireless Sensor Networks
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Security Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks
1.1.1 Replay Attack
1.1.2 Denial of Service Attack
1.1.3 Man in the Middle Attack
1.1.4 Wormhole Attack
1.1.5 Sinkhole Attack
1.1.6 Sybil Attack
2 Related Work
3 Algorithm
4 Evaluation
5 Security Analysis
5.1 Prerequisites
5.2 Results
5.3 Analysis
6 Conclusion
44 A Novel Graph-Based Technique to Enhance Video Compression Algorithm
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Proposed Model
4 Algorithm Implementation
5 Result Analysis
6 Conclusion
References
45 Leakage Reduction by Integrating IVC and ALS Technique in 65 nm CMOS One Bit Adder Circuit
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 IVC Techniques
3 Proposed Approach
4 ALS Circuits
5 Simulation Results
6 Conclusion
References
46 Lifetime Enhancement of Wireless Sensor Networks Using Fermat Point and Data Aggregation Mechanism
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Proposed Work
4 Conclusion
References
47 Monitoring OpenStack Services Using Nagios
Abstract
1 Cloud Monitoring Introduction
2 Nagios and OpenStack
3 Nagios for OpenStack Monitoring
4 Conclusion and Future Work
Acknowledgments
References
48 Centralized Control Signature-Based Firewall and Statistical-Based Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) in Software Defined Networks (SDN)
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Centralized Firewall and Network Intrusion Detection System in SDN (CFNIDSS)
3.1 Overview
3.2 Signature-Based Part of CFNIDSS
3.3 Flow of Events in the Signature-Based Part of CFNIDSS
3.4 Statistical Anomaly-Based Intrusion Detection Part of CFNIDSS
3.5 Flow of Events in the Statistical Anomaly-Based Intrusion Detection Part of CFNIDSS
4 Results
4.1 Signature-Based Part of CFNIDSS
4.2 Statistical-Based Part of CFNIDSS
5 Conclusion
References
49 Discovering and Summarizing Online Movie Reviews Through Opinion Mining
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
3 Proposed System Architecture
4 Experimental Setup and Implementation
5 Experimental Results
6 Conclusion and Future Enhancement
Acknowledgments
References
50 Topic Sensitive Web Page Ranking Through Graph Database
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
3 Proposed Algorithm
4 Implementation Details
5 Conclusion
6 Future Scope
References
51 Identifying Inattentive Audience by Finding Approximate Head Orientations in Non-intrusive Monocular Environment
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work on Finding Head Orientation
3 Proposed System
3.1 Face Detection
3.2 Eyes and Eye Lid Detection
3.3 Detecting Head Yaw
3.4 Inattention Identification
4 Result
5 Conclusion
References
52 IFUZZY: Intelligent Fuzzy Controller-Based Broadcast Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Proposed Protocol: IFUZZY Controller
2.1 Periodical Nodes Evaluation
2.2 Relay Node Selection
3 Simulation Results
4 Conclusion
References
53 Discovering Learning Models in MOOCs Using Empirical Data
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 The Three-Dimensional Model
3.1 Course Categorization
3.2 Learner Categorization
3.3 Learner Background Categorization
4 Analysis Conducted Using Data Mining
4.1 Data Collection
4.2 Data Description and Data Pre-processing
4.3 Data Mining
5 Findings and Inferences
5.1 Association Rule Determining Factors for Dropout
5.2 Association Rule Determining Most Frequently Occurring Learning Activity
5.3 Association Rule for Classification of Learner Type Depending on Three-Dimensional Model
5.4 Clustering of Student Activities
5.5 Minimum Data Points for Analysis of Three-Dimensional Model
5.6 Discovered Learning Models
6 Conclusion and Future Extension
References
54 Smart Structure for Automated Rangoli
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Works
3 Proposed Work
3.1 Multilayered Approach
3.2 Setup Explanation
4 System Design
4.1 Functionality
4.2 System Architecture
4.3 User Interface
5 Result and Experiments
6 Conclusion and Future Work
References
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Emerging Research in Computing, Information, Communication and Applications

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