An Introduction to the Study of Fabrics of Geological Bodies

Translators PrefaceExtracts from Author's PrefacesPart I. The General Study of Fabrics, and Work on a Scale from Profile to Sand-specimen I. Introduction to Concepts 1. General Concepts and Aims of Fabric Studies 2. Time and Fabric 3. Symmetry and Rhythm in Morphological and Functional Fabrics 4. The Movement-Picture of Affine Deformations 5. Examples of Affine and non-affine Movement-Pictures 6. Deformations of Fold-forms by Affine Shear on a Single Set of Planes 7. Non-affine Deformation by Gliding on a Single Set of Planes. Rotations 8. Movement and Symmetry of Tectonic Deformation. Plans and Coordinates in Tectonic Domains 9. Symmetrological Consideration of Anisotropic Functional and Morphological Fabrics in Superimposition and Homogeneous Penetration 10. Mechanical Stress and Deformation in a Homogeneous Medium as an Example of Functional Fabrics 11. Tectonic Strength Properties and Fabrics 12. Joints and Ruptures. Planar and Linear Schistosity 13. Tectonics and Fluid Mechanics 14. Movement and Symmetry of Apposition II. The Treatment of Tectonic Analysis of Typical Fabrics Ranging in Scale from the Map to the Hand-specimen 1. Review of the Distribution of Planar and Linear Parallel-fabrics in Geological Bodies and of Appropriate Coordinate Axes 2. Plotting in Spherical Projection 3. B-axes and ß-axes 4. Time-relationship between Superimposed B-axes 5. Relative Direction of Componental Movements Perpendicular to B 6. Some Types of Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Tectonic Movement-pictures with Planar and Linear Parallel-fabrics (S-B-fabrics) 7. Constructive Restoration of Earlier Geometry of Tectonic Fabrics. Restoration to a Plane III. Some Examples of the Use and Definition of Fabric Studies A. Tectonics of Intrusives with a High Susceptibility to Componental Movement B. Tectonics of Extrusive Flows C. Fabrics and Surface Topography; "Fabric-relief" D. Common Characteristics in the Symmetrology of Geological and of Biological FormsPart II. Grain-fabrics A. Mechanical Deformation and Metamorphism of Rocks B. General Characteristics of the Grain-fabric 1. Rock Fabric and Physical Field 2. Statistical Fabric of Distribution and of Direction (Geneity and Tropy) 3. Measurement of Geneity and Tropy of Petrographic Fabrics 4. Representative Point-fields and Rock Fabrics 5. Density of Material and of Grains in the Fabric-picture of Component Fabrics C. Optical Study and Representation of Grain-fabrics by Statistical Measurement of the Orientation of Anisotropic Fabric-elements 1. Introduction. Methods without a Universal Stage 2. Making and Plotting Universal Stage Measurements 3. Component Diagrams 4. Non-fortuitous Nature of Maxima and Minima in Grain-fabrics 5. Treatment of Diagrams (Rotation) 6. Sphere of Reference for Optical Vectors (Vo) and Genetic Vectors (Vg) 7. Preferred Orientation and the Process of Its Production 8. Characteristics of Homogeneous Distribution of Grains with Preferred Orientation 9. Equivalence of Measured Grains; Planimetric Diagrams 10. Summation of Diagrams; Synoptic Diagrams D. Axial Distribution Analysis (A.V.A.) and the Synthesis of Fabrics according to Location and Orientation of Grains (Topotropy of Fabrics) Direction-groups and Textural Layers with Individual Orientation in the Fabric Superimposition of A.V.A. Diagrams of Component Fabrics E. X-ray Analysis of the Grain-fabric X-ray Analysis of Quartzite's X-ray Analysis of Fabrics with Several Species of Grain Review and Comments F. General Features of Rock Fabrics 1.