
Somali
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Content
- SOMALI
- Editorial page
- Title page
- Copyright page
- Table of contents
- Preface
- List of Abbreviations and Symbols
- Chapter 1. Introduction
- 1.1 The speakers and the land
- 1.2 The language
- 1.3 Linguistic studies
- 1.4 Design ofthis book
- Chapter 2. Phonological units
- 2.1 Consonant inventory
- 2.2 Vowels
- 2.3 The syllable
- 2.4 Tone and accent
- Chapter 3. Phonological Rules
- 3.1 Syllable structure processes
- 3.1.1 Syllablefinalstops
- 3.1.2 Consonant cluster simplification
- 3.1.3 Restrictions on Vsyllables
- 3.1.4 Stem contraction
- 3.2 Sandhi
- 3.2.1 Determiner suffixes
- 3.2.2 Nounfinal vowel assimilation
- 3.2.3 Verbal causative affix
- 3.2.4 Verbalmiddle voice affix
- 3.2.5 Verbal agreement affixes
- 3.3 Coalescence
- 3.3.1 Verbal subject pronouns
- 3.3.2 Focus words
- 3.3.3 Verbal adpositions
- 3.4 Tonal accent rules
- 3.4.1 Basic assignment oftonalaccent
- 3.4.2 Accentual patterns and grammatical rules
- 3.4.3 Contextual effects
- 3.5 Reduplication
- Chapter 4. Grammatical Categories
- 4.1 Nouns
- 4.1.1 Common nouns
- 4.1.1.1 Gender
- 4.1.1.2 Number
- 4.1.1.3 Noun declensions
- 4.1.1.4 Case
- 4.1.2 Names
- 4.1.3 Independent pronouns
- 4.1.4 Numerals
- 4.2 Clitic Pronouns
- 4.2.1 Subject clitic pronouns
- 4.2.2 Object clitic pronouns
- 4.2.3 Non-specific subject pronoun
- 4.2.4 Reflexive/reciprocal object clitic pronoun
- 4.3 Verbs
- 4.3.1 Morphological classes
- 4.3.2 Main and auxiliary verbs
- 4.3.3 Inflectional categories
- 4.3.4 Suffix Verb Paradigms
- 4.3.5 Prefix Verb Paradigms
- 4.3.6 The copula verb yahay
- 4.4 Adjectives
- 4.4.1 Basic adjectives
- 4.4.2 Comparative and superlative
- 4.4.3 Attributive adjectives
- 4.4.4 Agreement features
- 4.5 Verbal appositions
- 4.6 Determiners
- 4.6.1 Definite articles
- 4.6.2 Demonstratives
- 4.6.3 Interrogatives
- 4.6.4 Possessives
- 4.7 Focus words
- 4.8 Sentence type markers
- 4.9 Conjunctions
- 4.9.1 Clausal conjunctions
- 4.9.2 Noun phrase conjunction
- 4.10 Adverbs
- 4.10.1 Time adverbs
- 4.10.2 Intensifier àad
- 4.10.3 Preverbal adverbial clitics
- 4.10.4 ba
- 4.10.5 uun
- 4.11 Ideophones
- 4.12 Interjections and other items
- Chapter 5. Word formation
- 5.1 Derived verbs
- 5.1.1 Derived inchoative verbs
- 5.1.2 Derived experiencer verbs
- 5.1.3 Factitive
- 5.1.4 Passive
- 5.1.5 Causatives
- 5.1.6 Middle voice
- 5.2 Derived adjectives
- 5.3 Derived nouns
- 5.3.1 Verb roots as nouns
- 5.3.2 Nominalising affixes
- 5.3.3 Noun to noun derivation
- 5.4 Compounds
- 5.4.1 Compound nouns
- 5.4.2 Compound verbs
- 5.4.3 Compound adjectives
- Chapter 6. Phrases
- 6.1 Verbal group (VGP)
- 6.1.1 The structure of the VGP
- 6.1.2 Clitic pronouns in the VGP
- 6.1.3 Infinitival constructions
- 6.1.4 Predicative adjectives
- 6.1.5 Noun incorporation in the VGP
- 6.1.6 Permutations in the Verbal Group
- 6.2 Noun phrase
- 6.2.1 Nouns modified by determiners
- 6.2.2 Nouns modified by nominals: possessive noun phrases
- 6.2.3 Other modifiers
- 6.2.4 Multiple modifiers
- 6.3 Discontinuous phrases
- Chapter 7. Simple sentences
- 7.1 Sentence types
- 7.2. Declaratives without focus
- 7.3 Verbless declarative sentences
- 7.4 Declaratives with focus
- 7.4.1 Focus with baa and ayàa
- 7.4.2 Focus with wáxa(a)
- 7.5 Interrogatives
- 7.5.1 Polar Questions
- 7.5.2 Information questions
- 7.5.3 Tag questions
- 7.6 Other sentence types
- 7.6.1 Imperative
- 7.6.2 Optative
- 7.6.3 Potential
- Chapter 8. Subordinate Clauses
- 8.1 Restrictive relative clauses
- 8.1.1 Basic features
- 8.1.2 Case marking
- 8.1.3 Subject-verb agreement
- 8.1.4 Attributive adjectives
- 8.2 Appositive relative clauses
- 8.3 Adverbial clauses
- 8.3.1 Time
- 8.3.2 Location
- 8.3.3 Manner
- 8.3.4 Purpose
- 8.3.5 Reason
- 8.3.6 Conditional
- 8.3.7 Concession
- 8.3.8 Comparison
- 8.4 Verb complement clauses
- 8.4.1 Finite in clauses
- 8.4.2 Infinitival complements
- 8.4.3 Nominalized complements
- Chapter 9. Discourse
- 9.1 Information structure
- 9.1.1 Bàa/ayàa focus
- 9.1.2 Wáxa(a) focus
- 9.1.3 The status of waa
- 9.1.4 Word order and topics
- 9.2 Reference assignment
- 9.3 Analysis of a text
- Appendix I Data Sources
- Appendix II Texts
- Notes
- References
- Index
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