
Surface and Defect Properties of Solids
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Content
- Surface and Defect Properties of Solids
- Contents
- Chapter 1 Microscopic Approaches to Physisorption: Theoretical and Experimental Aspects
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theoretical Approaches for the Study of Physisorption
- Introduction
- van der Waals Forces and Physical Adsorption
- Semi-empirical Calculations
- Fundamental Calculations of Physisorption Binding Energies
- 3 Microscopic Experimental Methods for the Study of Physisorption
- Introduction
- General Introductory Remarks
- On the Use of UPS in Characterization of the Physisorption State
- Experimental Techniques for the Study of Atomic Arrangement in Physisorption Systems
- LEED: Background Remarks
- LEED Studies of Physisorption Systems
- Neutron Scattering: Background Remarks
- The Adsorption of N2 and 36Ar on Graphite
- The Study of Thermal Vibrations using LEED
- Low Energy Molecular (Atomic) Beam Scattering (LEMS)
- Experimental Observations. Scattering Regimes
- Experimental Observations. Diffraction of Rare Gases from Metals
- Experimental Observations. Selective Adsorption
- On Interaction Potentials used in Theoretical Analysis of LEMS
- Experimental Techniques for the Study of the Electronic Structure of Physisorbed Systems
- Ultraviolet Photoemission Spectroscopy (UPS)
- X-Ray Photoemission Spectroscopy (XPS)
- Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS)
- Field Emission Techniques
- Field Emission and the Probe-hole Techniques
- Field Emission. Theoretical Considerations
- Measurement of Adsorption Isotherms via Electron Spectroscopy
- Auger Electron Emission in Adsorption Isotherm Studies
- 4 Conclusion
- Chapter 2 57-Iron Conversion Electron Mössbauer Spectroscopy
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Principles of the Mössbauer Effect
- 3 Interaction of the Nucleus with its Environment
- Chemical Isomer Shift
- Quadrupole Interaction
- Magnetic Interaction
- Spectral Areas
- 4 Surface Studies
- 5 Internal Conversion
- 6 Theory of the Attenuation of 57Fe Conversion Electrons
- 7 57Fe CEMS Experimental Considerations
- 8 Probing Depth and Sensitivity
- 9 Applications
- Corrosion and Oxidation Studies
- Surface Phase Analyses of Steels
- Surface Stress Measurements
- Ion Implantation Studies
- Applications in Geochemistry
- 10 Depth Selective 57Fe CEMS
- 11 Conclusions
- Chapter 3 The Interplay of Theory and Experiment in the Field of Surface Phenomena on Metals
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Bare Metal Surfaces
- Theoretical Models of Metal Surfaces
- Comparison of Theoretical and Experimental Results
- 3 Chemisorption of Gas Molecules on Transition Metal Surfaces
- Model Representation of the Gas-Metal System
- CFSO-BEBO Approach
- The Localized Free Electron Interplay Model
- The Comparison of Theoretical and Experimental Results
- 4 Conclusion
- Chapter 4 Angle-resolved Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Clean Surfaces and Surfaces with Adsorbed Layers
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Photoemission from Clean Surfaces
- Theory
- Comparisons with Angle-resolved Spectra
- 3 Angle-resolved Spectra of Adsorbed Species
- Theory
- Comparison with Experiment
- Chapter 5 Point Defects in Ionic Crystals
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Intrinsic Defect Parameters
- Self-diffusion
- Ionic Conductivity
- 3 Impurity Defect Parameters
- Diffusion of Impurities
- Impurity-Vacancy Complexes
- 4 Theoretical Calculation of the Properties of Point Defects
- Defect Energies: Methods
- Defect Energies: Results
- Defect Interactions
- Rare Gas Diffusion in Ionic Crystals
- Defect Entropies
- 5 Fast Ion Conduction
- Ag+ and Cu+ as Fast Ion Conductors
- Fast Conduction by Alkali Ions
- Anionic Fast Conduction
- 6 Paraelectric Impurities
- Static and Dynamic Behaviour of PEC
- Devonshire Model
- Multi-well Potential Tunnelling Model
- Experimental Techniques and Data
- Electro-optical Technique
- Electrocaloric Method
- Specific Heat Measurements
- Paraelectric Resonance
- The Kerr Effect Method
- 7 Molecular Impurities
- Diatomic Molecular Ions
- Triatomic Molecular Ions
- Planar Molecular Ions
- Molecular Ions of Tetrahedral Symmetry
- Complex Molecular Ions
- 8 Impurity Ions with the S2 Configuration
- Emission
- Chapter 6 Assessment of Crystal Perfection by X-Ray Topography
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Techniques of X-Ray Topography
- Laboratory X-Radiation Techniques
- The Berg-Barrett Topography
- The Lang Technique
- The Double Crystal Method
- X-Ray Topography using Synchrotron Radiation
- Direct Viewing of X-Ray Topographs
- 3 Contrast on X-Ray Topographs
- Perfect Crystal Phenomena - Pendellösung
- Contrast of Dislocations
- Contrast of Stacking Faults
- Contrast of Twins and Sub-grains
- 4 Applications to Crystal Defect Studies
- Crystal Growth
- Metallurgy and Plastic Deformation
- Mineralogy
- Control of Electronic Devices
- Oxidation Studies
- Chapter 7 The Plasticity of Highly Plastic Molecular Crystals
- 1 Introduction
- 2 High Temperature/Low Stress Deformation - Self-diffusion Control
- 3 Low Temperature/High Stress Deformation - Dislocation Slip
- Evaluation of Dislocation Energies
- 4 Conclusions
- Chapter 8 The Ultrastructure of Minerals as Revealed by High Resolution Electron Microscopy
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The Etch-decoration Technique and its Use in the Detection of Stacking Faults
- 3 Pyroxene Minerals
- Structures
- Enstatite Polymorphism
- Orthopyroxenes
- Clinopyroxenes
- 4 Pyroxenoids
- Wollastonite
- Planar Defects in Wollastonite
- Linear Defects and other Anomalous Features in Wollastonite
- Other Pyroxenoids
- 5 Amphiboles
- Exsolution in Amphiboles
- 6 Serpentine Materials
- Chrysotile
- Antigorite
- Lizardite
- Polygonal Serpentine
- Garnierites
- 7 Silicates based on the Mica Type of Layer
- Mica Group
- Chlorite Group
- Zussmanite
- Stilpnomelane
- 8 Orthosilicates
- Chloritoid
- Mullite
- 9 Graphite and its Intercalates
- 10 Sulphides
- 4C Pyrrhotite
- Intermediate (nC) Pyrrhotite
- nA Pyrrhotite
- Smythite, Fe3S4
- Troilite, FeS
- 11 Fluorocarbonates
- Author Index
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