
Surface and Defect Properties of Solids
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Content
- Surface and Defect Properties of Solids
- Contents
- Chapter 1 Shear Structures and Non-stoicheiometry
- 1 Crystallographic Shear
- 2 The Mechanism and Kinetics of Crystallographic Shear
- 3 The Characterization of Compounds with Planar Defects or Superstructures
- 4 Crystallographic Stiear in Specific Systems
- Derivatives of the ReO3 Structure
- Tungsten (and Molybdenum) Oxides
- Niobium Oxyfluoride
- Derivatives of the MoO3 Structure
- Derivatives of the Rutile Structure
- 5 Thermodynamics of Rutile CS Phases
- 6 Ternary Defect Rutile Oxides
- 7 Double Shear and Block Structures
- Symbolism
- Ordered Block Structures
- 8 Stoicheiometric Faults, Intergrowths, and Non-stoicheiometric Faults
- 9 Related Types of Non-stoicheiometry
- Chapter 2 Direct Study of Structural Imperfections by High-resolution Electron Microscopy
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Electron Optical Considerations
- 3 Instrumentation
- 4 Materials Studied
- Carbons
- Carbon Blacks
- Distribution of graphitic layer spacings
- Different types of images in heat-treated carbon blacks
- Carbon Films
- Pyrolysed Polymers - Glassy Carbon
- Coal and Char Samples
- Polymers
- Amorphous Polymers
- Macromolecules - DNA
- 5 Summary and Conclusions
- Chapter 3 The Role of Defects in Solid-phase Polymerization
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Some General Considerations
- 3 Vinyl Polymerization
- Reaction Kinetics
- Nature of Reaction Sites
- Molecular Mobility
- U.v. Initiation
- E.S.R. Studies
- Polymerization at Low Temperatures
- Topotactic Polymerization
- The Influence of Additives
- Effects of Pressure
- 4 Polymerization of Cyclic Monomers
- 5 Co-polymerization
- 6 Concluding Remarks
- Chapter 4 Structural Imperfections in Organic Molecular Crystals
- 1 Point Defects
- 2 Dislocations
- 3 Stacking Faults
- 4 Long-range Disorder and Short-range Order
- Chapter 5 Surface Studies by Photoemission
- 1 Introduction
- Formal Description of the Photoemission Process
- Photoemission near the Threshold
- Escape Depth of Photoelectrons
- 2 Experimental Approaches in Photoemission
- 3 Information from Photoemission Studies
- Alloy Surfaces
- Studies of Silicon
- Nickel + Oxygen and Copper + Oxygen Systems
- Yield
- Energy Distribution
- The Aluminium-Oxygen and Aluminium-Water Interfaces
- Density of States
- Chapter 6 The Application of Electron Spectroscopy to Surface Studies
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Principles of Electron Spectroscopy
- Summary of the Techniques Involved
- Chemical Information from Electron Spectroscopy
- Photoelectron Spectroscopy
- Energy Loss Electron Spectroscopy
- Electron Impact Auger Spectroscopy
- Ion Neutralization (I.N.) Spectroscopy
- 3 Application to Surface Studies
- Mean Free Path Lengths of Electrons
- Electron Impact Auger Spectroscopy
- Ion Neutralization Spectroscopy
- Photoelectron Spectroscopy
- Molecular Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Photoemission Studies
- X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, ESCA
- Energy Loss Spectroscopy
- Chapter 7 Exchange and Equilibration Reactions on Metal Surfaces
- 1 The Hydrogen-Deuterium Reaction
- 2 Nitrogen Isotope Reactions
- 3 Carbon Monoxide Isotope Reactions
- 4 Oxygen Isotope Reactions
- 5 Exchange of Hydrogen Isotopes in Organic Molecules
- Chapter 8 Infrared Spectra of Adsorbed Species on Metals
- 1 Carbon Monoxide
- 2 Reflection Spectroscopy of Chemisorbed Carbon Monoxide
- 3 Other Reflection Spectra
- 4 Hydrogen, Nitrogen, and Nitric Oxide
- 5 Hydrocarbons and other Compounds
- Chapter 9 Some Aspects of the Selective Action of Metal Catalysts
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Selectivity and Catalyst Structure
- 3 Selectivity and Reaction Mechanism
- Consecutive Reactions
- The Thermodynamic Factor
- The Kinetic Factor
- A Selectivity Pattern and its Interpretation
- The Role of Occluded Hydrogen
- Unresolved Problems
- Parallel Reactions
- Substituent Effects in Selectivity
- Isomerization of Product before Desorption
- Reduction of Selectivity by Polymerization
- 4 Selective Poisoning and Shape-selective Catalysts
- 5 Summary
- Author Index
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