
Chemical Physics of Solids and Their Surfaces
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Content
- Chemical Physics Of Solids And Their Surfaces
- Contents
- Chapter 1 The Adsorption and Absorption of Hydrogen by Metals
- 1 Adsorption of Hydrogen
- Pt(III) Single Crystal Surfaces
- The Influence of Surface Imperfections
- Polycrystalline Platinum
- Additional States of Hydrogen
- 2 Adsorption and Absorption of Hydrogen by Palladium
- Adsorption of Hydrogen
- Pd Single Crystals
- Polycrystalline Pd
- Mechanism of Absorption
- The Nature of Weak Chemisorption on Pd
- 3 Hydrogen Absorption Leading to Hydride Formation
- Site Selectivity of Hydrogen in Metals and Alloys
- Entropy Data for Pd/H
- Entropy Data for Pd Alloys
- Rare-earth and Titanium lnterrnetallic Alloy Hydrogen Systems
- Structure of the Deuterides
- Structural Reorganization of the Hydrided Alloys
- 4 The Binding of Adsorbed and Absorbed Hydrogen
- Adsorption
- Absorption
- Electronic Interactions
- Elastic Interactions
- Chapter 2 Some Developments in Field Emission Techniques and their Application
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Field Electron Emission Microscopy
- Operating Principle
- The Probe-hole Microscope
- 3 Applications
- Work Function Measurements
- Adsorption
- Tungsten Substrate
- Other Substrates
- Other Applications
- 4 Field Emission Spectroscopy
- Introduction
- Principles
- Experimental Aspects
- Applications
- Clean Metals
- Adsorption on Metals
- Other Applications
- 5 Conclusions
- Chapter 3 In Pursuit of Surface Topography
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Electron Probes
- Low Energy Electron Diffraction
- Dynamical Theories
- Data-averaging Methods
- Fourier-transforms (Patterson functions)
- (i) Complex adsorbates and substrates
- (ii) Regular stepped surfaces
- (iii) Defective structures
- Electron-stimulated Desorption (ESD)
- 3 Photon Probes
- Synchrotron Radiation
- Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy (UPS)
- Identification of Bonding Effects and Adsorption Geometries - Angle-integrated UPS
- Identification of Ronding Effects and Adsorption Geometries - Angle-resolved UPS
- UPS from Adsorbate Core Levels
- X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) - Adsorbate-core Emission
- Angle-resolved Auger Electron Emission (ARAES)
- Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS)
- Applications
- Surface EXAFS
- (i) Total yield
- (ii) Secondary partial yield
- (iii) Auger partial yield
- X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)
- 4 Neutron Probes
- Coherent Elastic Scattering (Diffraction)
- Incoherent Inelastic Scattering
- Coherent Inelastic Scattering
- Quasi-elastic Scattering
- 5 Ion Probes
- Sputtering
- Low Energy Ion Scattering
- High Energy Ion Scattering
- 6 Atom and Molecule Probes
- (i) The Nature of the Atom-Surface Potential V(r)
- (ii) Surface Lattice Dynamics
- (iii) Surface Structure
- 7 Epilogue
- Chapter 4 Imaging and Microanalysis in STEM
- 1 Introduction
- 2 STEM: An Instrumental Approach
- Comparison with CTEM
- Field Emission
- Vacuum Integrity
- Mechanical Stability
- 3 STEM: An Imaging Device
- 4 STEM: Its Diffraction Capabilities
- Selected Area Diffraction (SAD)
- Microdiffraction
- Fluorescent Screen Observation
- 5 Microanalysis in STEM
- X-Ray Analysis
- Energy Loss Spectroscopy (ELS)
- 6 Summary
- Chapter 5 The Formation and Ordering of Shear Planes in Non-stoicheiometric Oxides
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Shear Plane and Point Defects Energetics
- Stabilization of Shear Planes
- Shear Plane-Point Defect Equilibria
- 3 The Ordering of Extended Defects
- 4 Shear Plane Nucleation
- 5 Conclusions
- Chapter 6 Non-stoicheiometric Crystals containing Planar Defects
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The Crystal Chemistry of Some Systems containing Planar Faults
- Crystallographic Shear (CS) Phases
- CS in Rutile
- CS in WO3
- The TiO2 and WO3 CS Phases: General Trends
- The Hexagonal Ferrites
- Some Silicate Structures
- The Sialon 'Polytypes'
- The Barium Siliconiobates and Related Phases
- Perovskite-related Oxides
- The AnBnO3n+2 Phases
- The An+1BnO3n+1 Phases
- The Bismuth Titanates
- Intergrowth Tungsten Bronzes
- Some Further Comments
- 3 Formation of Intergrowth Phases
- Growth from Liquid or Vapour
- Solid-state Formation Reactions
- 4 Interactions between Planar Faults
- Elastic Strain
- Isolated Fault Planes
- Arrays of Fault Planes
- The Formation and Relative Stabilities of CS Planes
- Conclusions
- Electronic Interactions
- Electrostatic Interactions
- Polaron Interactions
- 5 Point Defects versus Planar Defects: Structural Considerations
- The ß-Alumina-related Structures
- Some Anion-deficient Perovskite-related Structures
- lntergrowths in MO2-La2O3 Systems
- The Binary Titanium Sulphides
- Crystal-chemical Correlations and Conclusions
- Chapter 7 New Trends and Strategies in Organic Solid-state Chemistry
- 1 Introduction and Scope
- 2 The Planning and Execution of a Solid-state 'Absolute' Asymmetric Synthesis with Quantitative Enantiomeric Yield
- Planning
- Asymmetric Synthesis in the Model Enantiomeric System
- Asymmetric Synthesis in the Racemic System
- Random versus Partially Ordered Solid Solutions
- An 'Absolute' Asymmetric Synthesis with Quantitative Enantiomeric Yield
- 3 Enantiomeric Purification of Partially Enriched Mixtures of Enantiomers via Topochemical Photodimerization
- 4 Conformational Isomorphism and Resolution of Enantiomers by Crystallization
- The Packing Modes of the Chiral s-Butyl Group
- 5 Regiospecific and Stereospecific Reactions in Molecular Inclusion Complexes of Steroids
- Packing Properties of the Deoxycholic Acid Complexes
- Structure-Reactivity Relationship in Deoxycholic Acid Complexes
- 6 Conformationally Controlled Gas-Solid Reactions
- Gas-Solid ß-Elimination Reactions
- Reactions of Gaseous Bromine with Non-chiral Ethylenes in Single Chiral Crystals
- Conformationally Controlled Gas-Solid Brominations in Racemic and Enantiomeric Crystals
- Author Index
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