Critical Infrastructure Protection XI

Name: Critical Infrastructure Protection XI | 11th IFIP WG 11.10 International Conference, ICCIP 2017, Arlington, VA, USA, March 13-15, 2017, Revised Selected Papers
Brand: Springer
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11th IFIP WG 11.10 International Conference, ICCIP 2017, Arlington, VA, USA, March 13-15, 2017, Revised Selected Papers

Mason Rice Sujeet Shenoi(Editor)

Springer (Publisher)

Published on 20. November 2017

XVI, 338 pages

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978-3-319-70395-4 (ISBN)

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The information infrastructure - comprising computers, embedded devices, networks and software systems - is vital to operations in every sector: chemicals, commercial facilities, communications, critical manufacturing, dams, defense industrial base, emergency services, energy, financial services, food and agriculture, government facilities, healthcare and public health, information technology, nuclear reactors, materials and waste, transportation systems, and water and wastewater systems. Global business and industry, governments, indeed society itself, cannot function if major components of the critical information infrastructure are degraded, disabled or destroyed.

Critical Infrastructure Protection XI describes original research results and innovative applications in the interdisciplinary field of critical infrastructure protection. Also, it highlights the importance of weaving science, technology and policy in crafting sophisticated, yet practical, solutions that will help secure information, computer and network assets in the various critical infrastructure sectors. Areas of coverage include: Infrastructure Protection, Infrastructure Modeling and Simulation, Industrial Control System Security, and Internet of Things Security.

This book is the eleventh volume in the annual series produced by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) Working Group 11.10 on Critical Infrastructure Protection, an international community of scientists, engineers, practitioners and policy makers dedicated to advancing research, development and implementation efforts focused on infrastructure protection. The book contains a selection of sixteen edited papers from the Eleventh Annual IFIP WG 11.10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, held at SRI International, Arlington, Virginia, USA in the spring of 2017.

Critical Infrastructure Protection XI is an important resource for researchers, faculty members and graduate students, as well as for policy makers, practitioners and other individuals with interests in homeland security.

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Content

Intro
Contents
Contributing Authors
Preface
I INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION
PROTECTING THE TRANSPORTATION SECTOR FROM THE NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Transportation Sector
2.1 Climate Change Impacts on Transportation
3. Approaches for Climate Change Adaptation
3.1 Adaptation Assessment
3.2 Classification of Adaptation Options
3.3 Global Adaptation Initiatives
4. Adaptation in the Transportation Sector
4.1 Adaptation to Climate Change
4.2 Effective Governance for Adaptation
4.3 Infrastructure Design and Planning
4.4 Redundancies in Transportation Modes
4.5 Operational Contingency
4.6 Early Warning Systems
4.7 Building Adaptive Capacity
4.8 Comprehensive Collaboration
5. Conclusions
References
EVALUATION OF ADDITIVE AND SUBTRACTIVE MANUFACTURING FROM THE SECURITY PERSPECTIVE
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Related Work
2.1 Cyber-Physical System Security
2.2 Additive Manufacturing Security
3. Manufacturing Workflows
3.1 Additive Manufacturing Workflow
3.2 Subtractive Manufacturing Workflow
4. Attack Analysis Framework
4.1 Attacks
4.2 Security Threat Categories
5. Security Analysis
5.1 Attack Vectors
5.2 Compromised Elements
5.3 Manipulations
5.4 Effects
6. Conclusions
References
DETECTING DATA MANIPULATION ATTACKS ON T HE SUBSTATION INTERLOCKING FUNCTION USING DIRECT POWER FEEDBACK
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Related Work
3. Substation Interlocking
3.1 Substation Switching
3.2 Interlocking Function Operation
3.3 Substation Communication Protocols
4. Attack Description
5. Proposed Solution
5.1 Switchgear Event Detection
5.2 Switchgear State Identification
5.3 Interlocking Function Security Controller
6. Implementation and Results
6.1 Implementation
6.2 Results
7. Conclusions
References
NETWORK FORENSIC ANALYSIS OF ELECTRICAL SUBSTATION AUTOMATION TRAFFIC
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Problem Statement
3. Graph Construction
3.1 Model Graph Construction
3.2 Concrete Graph Construction
4. Time Series Analysis
5. Experimental Evaluation
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
II INFRASTRUCTURE MODELING AND SIMULATION
MULTIPLE SECURITY DOMAIN MODEL OF A VEHICLE IN AN AUTOMATED PLATOON
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. System Model
3. Related Work
3.1 Confidentiality
3.2 Integrity
3.3 Availability
3.4 Multiple Security Domain Nondeducibility
4. Problem Statement
4.1 Case 1
4.2 Case 2
4.3 Case 3
4.4 Case 4
4.5 Case 5
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
DISTRIBUTED DATA FUSION FOR SITUATIONAL AWARENESS IN CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES WITH LINK FAILURES
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Preliminaries
3. Distributed Data Fusion
4. Case Study
4.1 Problem Formulation
4.2 Dam and Hydroelectric Power Station
4.3 Power Distribution Station
4.4 Base Transceiver Station
4.5 Water Supply Network
4.6 Security Patrol
4.7 Numerical Example
5. Conclusions
References
EXPLOITING WEB ONTOLOGIES FOR AUTOMATED CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE DATA RETRIEVAL
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Ontological Approaches
2.1 Critical Infrastructure Modeling
2.2 Critical Infrastructure Simulation
2.3 Information Sharing
3. Ontology-Based Information Retrieval
3.1 Ontology Population
3.2 Ontology Matching
3.3 Data Retrieval
4. Conclusions
References
III INDUSTRIAL CONTROL SYSTEM SECURITY
ENFORCING END-TO-END SECURITY IN SCADA SYSTEMS VIA APPLICATION-LEVEL CRYPTOGRAPHY
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Related Work
3. Problem Statement
4. Cryptographic Applications
4.1 PLC Architecture
4.2 Secure Application Architecture
5. Use Case Assessment and Results
5.1 System Analysis
5.2 Cryptographic Algorithms
5.3 Computational Time
5.4 Security Properties in Control Applications
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
SOFTWARE DEFINED RESPONSE AND NETWORK RECONFIGURATION FOR INDUSTRIAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Related Work
3. Proposed Security Solution
3.1 Overview
3.2 Communications Tier
3.3 Application Tier
3.4 Supervision Tier
3.5 Implementation and Scalability
4. Experimental Results
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
THREAT ANALYSIS OF AN ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEM
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Related Work
3. Threat Model
3.1 Confidentiality Threats
3.2 Integrity Threats
3.3 Availability Threats
4. Elevator System Case Study
4.1 Experimental Setup
4.2 S7 Base Protocol and Configuration
4.3 PLC Discovery Attack
4.4 False Command Injection Attack
4.5 Control Signal Injection Attack
4.6 Control Variable Injection Attack
4.7 Sensor Value Response Modification Attack
4.8 Discussion and Recommendations
5. Conclusions
References
GENERATING HONEYPOT TRAFFICFOR INDUSTRIAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Background
2.1 Control System Threats
2.2 Honeypots
2.3 Network Traffic Generation
2.4 Network Traffic Generators
3. Test Environment
3.1 Design Considerations
3.2 Network Topology
4. Pilot Studies
4.1 APOGEE Network Traffic Analysis
4.2 Identifying Honeypots
4.3 Tcpreplay Network Traffic Generation
5. Implementation
5.1 Traffic Matching
5.2 Honeypot Integration
5.3 Network Routing
6. Experiments
6.1 Metrics
6.2 Experimental Results
7. Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
CHALLENGES TO AUTOMATING SECURITY CONFIGURATIONCHECKLISTS IN MANUFACTURINGENVIRONMENTS
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Manufacturing Environments
3. SCAP Background
4. SCAP Reuse in Manufacturing Environments
5. Relevant Research and Standards
6. Conclusions
Disclaimer
References
CATEGORIZATION OF CYBER TRAINING ENVIRONMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Incident Response Training Environments
2.1 U.S. Government
2.2 Industry
2.3 Academia
3. Bloom's Taxonomy
4. Relating the Taxonomy to Training Platforms
5. Training Environment Development
5.1 Preparation
5.2 Detection and Analysis
5.3 Containment, Eradication and Recovery
5.4 Post-Incident Activity
5.5 Training Administration
6. Training Environment Levels
6.1 Level 1 Training Environment
6.2 Level 2 Training Environment
6.3 Level 3 Training Environment
6.4 Level 4 Training Environment
7. Mapping Training Environment Levels
8. Example Training Environments
8.1 Level 1 Training Environments
8.2 Level 2 Training Environments
8.3 Level 3 Training Environments
8.4 Level 4 Training Environments
9. Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
MULTI-CONTROLLER EXERCISE ENVIRONMENTS FOR TRAINING INDUSTRIAL CONTROL SYSTEM FIRST RESPONDERS
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Background
3. Multi-PLC Training Platform
3.1 Design Considerations
3.2 Exercise Layout
4. Training Scenario
4.1 Segmentation Using a CompactLogix PLC
4.2 Segmentation Using a Siemens PLC
4.3 Segmentation Using a ControlLogix PLC
4.4 Scenario Selection and Alternate Scenarios
5. Results
5.1 Hardware Verification
5.2 Reliability Test
5.3 Timing Test
5.4 Functional Analysis Criteria
5.5 Limitations
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
IV INTERNET OF THINGS SECURITY
DEFENDING BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEMS USING DECOY NETWORKS
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Background
2.1 Automation Technologies
2.2 Honeypots for Building Automation Defense
3. Understanding INSTEON
3.1 INSTEON Documentation
3.2 Previous Research
3.3 Integrating Wireshark
3.4 Pilot Studies
3.5 INSTEON Protocol Summary
4. Experiments
4.1 Packet Capture Experiment
4.2 Functional Testing Experiment
5. Experimental Results
5.1 Packet Capture Experiment
5.2 Functional Testing Experiment
6. Limitations and Future Work
7. Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
SECURING BLUETOOTH LOW ENERGY LOCKS FROM UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS AND SURVEILLANCE
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Bluetooth Low Energy
3. User Behavioral Analytics
4. Bluetooth Security Vulnerabilities
4.1 Plaintext Passwords
4.2 Password Obfuscation
4.3 Brute Forcing
4.4 Command Fuzzing
4.5 Hard-Coded Passwords
4.6 Man-in-the-Middle Attack
5. Attack Scenario
6. Mitigation Techniques
6.1 Pairing and Bonding
6.2 Application Layer Encryption
6.3 Two-Way Authentication
6.4 Geofencing
6.5 Bluetooth Low Energy Guardian
7. Conclusions
References

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Critical Infrastructure Protection XI

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