Proceedings of the 10th International Operational Modal Analysis Conference (IOMAC 2024)

Name: Proceedings of the 10th International Operational Modal Analysis Conference (IOMAC 2024) | Volume 2
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Volume 2

Carlo Rainieri Carmelo Gentile Manuel Aenlle López(Editor)

Springer (Publisher)

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Published on 21. June 2024

XVI, 736 pages

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Content

Intro
Preface
Contents
New Methods for SHM
Extreme Value Statistics for Alarm ThresholdSetting in Data-Driven Damage Detection
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Novelty Index
2.2 Removal of Environmental Effects
2.3 Extreme Value Statistics for Alarm Threshold Setting
3 Results and Discussions
4 Conclusions
References
Practical Clustering Approaches for SHM
1 Introduction
2 Data Cleansing
3 Application
4 Conclusions
References
A Damage Detection Strategy Based on Autoregressive Parameters
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Experimental Validation
3.1 Numerical Case: Four Story Building
3.2 KW51 Bridge
4 Conclusion
References
A Transfer Learning Application for Damage Identification Across a Population of Experimental Bridges
1 Introduction
1.1 Description of the Case Study
2 Domain Adaptation-Based Framework for Knowledge Transfer Across Bridge Configurations
3 Transfer Learning Results
4 Conclusion
References
Structural Damage Detection on a Single-Opening Masonry Wall Subjected to Differential Foundation Settlements Using Modal Features: Experimental Tests and Numerical Simulations
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Methodology
2.1 Case Study Structure
2.2 Test Procedure
2.3 Modal Response Parameters and Damage Detection
3 Numerical Modelling
4 Results
4.1 Experimental and Numerical Cracking Patterns
4.2 Modal Response Parameters of the Undamaged Wall System
4.3 Damage Detection
5 Conclusion
References
Comparing Static and Dynamic Regression Models for Temperature Compensation in Vibration-Based SHM Systems
1 Introduction
2 Temperature Compensated Frequencies of Vibration
3 Damage Index and Threshold
4 Procedure
4.1 Regression Models
5 Numerical Example
5.1 Results
References
Damage Detection Through Modal Parameters and Cepstral Coefficients
1 Introduction
2 Extraction of Damage Sensitive Features
3 Four-Story Frame
3.1 Results
4 Three-Story Frame Equipped with TMD
4.1 Results
5 Conclusions
References
Real Time Fatigue Monitoring Using OMA
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 FE-OMA
2.2 Fatigue-Monitoring Phase
3 Case Study
3.1 FE-OMA
3.2 Fatigue-Monitoring
4 Conclusions
References
Damage Detection with Closely Spaced Modes Using Autocovariance Functions
1 Introduction
2 Data Analysis for Damage Detection
2.1 Autocovariance Functions
2.2 Damage Detection and Localization
3 Application
3.1 Plane Frame
3.2 LUMO Structure
4 Conclusion
References
Normalization of Environmental Effects in Modal Parameter Tracking
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Linear Regression
2.2 Artificial Neural Network
2.3 Data Normalization
3 Application to the Munich Test Bridge
3.1 The Munich Test Bridge
3.2 Comparison of Linear Regression and Neural Networks
3.3 Analysis of Data from Damage Cases
4 Conclusions
References
Classification Algorithms for Damage Identification in Framed Structures by Means of Natural Frequencies
1 Introduction
2 Sample Cases
2.1 Plane Frames
2.2 Tridimensional Frame
3 Conclusions
References
Vibration-Based SHM of Bridges
Quasi-instantaneous Operational Modal Analysis of Bridges Through AI-Driven Blind Source Separation
1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Background
2.1 Second Order Blind Identification
2.2 SOBI-Based Neural Network for OMA of Structures
3 Case of Study: Méndez-Núñez Bridge
3.1 Continuous Modal Parameter Identification from MTL-DNN Predictions
4 Conclusions
References
Integrating Bayesian Networks into Enhanced Bridge Management: A Data Fusion Approach
1 Introduction
2 The Proposed DBN
2.1 Theoretical Foundations of Bayesian Networks
2.2 Definition of DM
2.3 Selection of SHM-Based DM
2.4 Definition of Damage Severity
2.5 Data-Driven SHM
2.6 Risk Indexes and Decision Making
3 The Case Study
4 Preliminary Results
5 Conclusions
References
Vibration Testing and Finite Element Modelling of a Steel-Concrete Composite Bridge
1 Introduction
2 Olona West Bridge Description
3 Ambient Vibration Test
3.1 Experimental Setup
3.2 Data Processing and Experimental Results
4 Finite Element Model
4.1 Finite Element Modeling and Updating
4.2 Finite Element Model Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusions
References
Strain-Based AOMA of a Vierendeel Truss Bridge
1 Introduction
2 Monitoring Setup
3 Long-Term Strain-Based AOMA
4 Conclusions
References
A Framework to Define an Effective Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) System Using the Data from OMA Test
1 Introduction
2 Optimal Sensor Placement Techniques
3 Case Study
3.1 Brief Description
3.2 Previous AVT Tests
3.3 Definition of the Optimal Sensor Configuration
4 Conclusions
References
Damage Identification in PC Bridges by Operational Modal Analyses
1 Introduction
2 The Case Study
3 The Dynamic Test in Situ
4 The Analysis of the Structural Behavior
5 The Damage Detection Through AI
6 Conclusion
References
Structural Health Monitoring of Road Systems: From the Network Analysis to the Single Bridge Assessment
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Large Scale Monitoring with Satellite Data for Road Networks
2.2 Single Bridge Monitoring System
3 Application
3.1 Observation of the Bridge Network Through Satellite Data
3.2 An Application on a Specimen Bridge of the Monitoring System
4 Conclusions
References
Investigating the Performance of a Wide-Deck Bridge
1 Introduction
2 Description of the Viaduct
3 Dynamic Testing
3.1 Instrumentation and Sensor Layout
3.2 Dynamic Characteristics of the Bridge Deck
4 Proof Load Testing
5 Finite Element Model Validation
5.1 Description of the FE Model
5.2 Model Validation Methodology Using Experimental Results
5.3 Dynamic Behavior
5.4 Prediction of the Deck Deflection Under Proof Loading
6 Conclusions
References
An Unsupervised Damage Detection Strategy for Recognizing Unseen Health Conditions in Monitoring Bridges
1 Introduction
2 Features Extraction: Cepstral Coefficients
3 Dimensionality Reduction: LDA and PLDA
4 Implementation
4.1 Training
4.2 Testing
4.3 Performance Evaluation
5 Case Study: The Z24 Bridge
5.1 Dataset Description
5.2 Training
5.3 Results
6 Conclusions
References
Use of Ground-Based Interferometric Radars (GB-InRa) for Remote Real-Time Structural Health Monitoring of Civil Engineering Structures
1 Introduction to GB-InRa
2 IDS GeoRadar InRa Portfolio
3 Application of GB-InRa in SHM
3.1 Case Study 1: Bridge Monitoring
3.2 Case Study 2: Viaduct Monitoring and Comparison with Contact Sensors
3.3 Case Study 3: Effects of Integrated Accelerometer
4 Conclusions
References
An Integrated PCA-ICA Approach for Early-Stage Damage Detection
1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Background of the Proposed Technique
2.1 Brief Introduction to Principal Component Analysis
2.2 Brief Introduction to Independent Component Analysis
3 Case Study: A Vehicular Excitated Truss Bridge
3.1 The Analyzed Structure
3.2 Vehicular Excitation
3.3 Structural Response Evaluation
4 The Proposed Technique for SHM
4.1 Overview and Description of the Technique
4.2 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusions and Future Investigations
References
A Robust End-To End Framework for Automated Modal Identification for Infrastructure Monitoring
1 Introduction
2 Infrastructure Description and Monitoring System Layout
3 Automated Modal Identification
4 Results
5 Conclusions
References
Operational Modal Analysis of a Bridge Subjected to Perceptible Vibrations
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Campaign
3 OMA results
4 Results of Vibration Tests
5 Conclusions
References
Operational Modal Analysis of the Grenland Bridge Using Wireless Accelerometers and One day of Measurement Data
1 Introduction
2 Monitoring System
3 Data Description
4 Modal Identification
4.1 Operational Modal Analysis: Cov-SSI
4.2 Clustering Analysis: HDBSCAN
5 Results and Discussion
5.1 Chosen Segment
5.2 Automatic OMA
6 Concluding Remarks
References
Operational Modal Analysis of a RC Arch Bridge
1 Introduction
1.1 Case Study
1.2 Test Setup
2 Modal Identification
3 FE Model Tuning
4 Conclusion
References
Bridge Condition Monitoring Using Frequency Domain Decomposition Method
1 Introduction
2 Research Significance
3 Details of Bridge and Instrumentation Scheme
4 Methodology: Frequency Domain Decomposition Method
5 Analysis of Responses During the Observation Period
6 Results and Discussions
6.1 Monthly Comparison of Slope and Intercept Plots for PMSV Variation
6.2 Yearly Comparison of Slope and Intercept Plots for PMSV Variation
7 Conclusion
References
Vibration Serviceability of Footbridges
Multi-sensor and Multi-frequency Data Fusion for Structural Health Monitoring
1 Introduction
2 Kalman Filter for Data Fusion
3 Experimental Test
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Dynamic Monitoring of a Steel Footbridge Based on Computer Vision Techniques
1 Introduction
2 Case of Study
3 Vision-Based Procedure
4 Preliminary Results
5 Conclusions
References
Output-Only Identification of a Footbridge Equipped with Isolators
1 Introduction
2 Preliminary Finite Element Model
3 Experimental Setup and Preliminary Analysis
4 Identification of Black-Box and Modal Model
5 Conclusions
References
On the Dynamic Characterization of a Two Span Post-tensioned Concrete Footbridge
1 Introduction
2 Case Study
2.1 Shell Model
2.2 Solid 3D Model
3 Dynamic Characterization
3.1 Field Measurements
3.2 Experimental Results
4 Conclusion
References
OMA-Based FE Model Validation of a Lively Footbridge
1 Introduction
2 Description of the Footbridge
3 Experimental Modal Properties from Structural Identification
4 Finite Element Model
5 Model Updating
6 Conclusions
References
Physics-Based Model Updating in Structural Health Monitoring, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics
Bayesian FE-Model Updating of a Curved Approaching Span of the Indiano Bridge in Florence
1 Introduction
2 Bayesian FE Model Updating
3 Indiano Viaduct
4 Preliminary FE Model Analyses
5 Ambient Vibration Tests
5.1 Test Program
5.2 Set-up
5.3 Test Results
6 Model Updating
6.1 Prior Distribution, Modeling Uncertainties and Measurement Errors
6.2 Posterior Distribution
7 Concluding Remarks
References
The Basis Pursuit as a Set Selector
1 Introduction
2 Basis Pursuit Subset Selector (BPsS)
2.1 The Basis Pursuit
2.2 The Fictive Linear Problem (FLP)
2.3 Jacobian Normalization
3 Nonlinear Update
4 Numerical Examinations
4.1 Specific Damage Cases
4.2 Multiple Solutions
4.3 Performance of the Subset Selector
5 Conclusions
References
OMA Test and Model Refinement of a Reinforced Concrete Arch Bridge
1 Introduction
2 The Investigated Bridge
3 In-situ Tests
4 FE Model Refinement
5 Conclusions
References
Data-Driven Identification of Noise Covariances in Kalman Filtering for Virtual Sensing Applications
1 Introduction
2 Modelling
3 Subspace-Based Noise Covariance Estimation
4 Numerical Validation
5 Conclusions
References
Bayesian Model-Updating Implementation in a Five-Story Building
1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Background
3 Experimental Data
4 Methodology
5 Results and Discussion
6 Conclusions
References
Using a Calibrated Model to Analyse the Vertical Displacements of a Bridge Produced by Air Temperature Variations
1 Introduction
2 The "Ponte della Musica-Armando Trovajoli" Case Study
3 On Site Tests
4 Numerical Modelling Calibration and Thermal Analyses
5 Discussion
References
Isospectral Stiffness Matrix Identification for the Equivalent Frame Modeling of Buildings
1 Introduction
2 Structural Identification of Isospectral Systems
2.1 Stiffness Matrix Identification
2.2 Reduced-Order Model Identification
3 Preliminary Results and Future Challenges
References
Mathematical Models Calibration of Bridge-Type Structures by Means of Natural Period and Ambient Vibration
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Objective
2 Methodology
2.1 Ambient Vibration Testing (AVT)
2.2 Mathematical Models
3 Results
3.1 Ambient Vibration Testing (AVT)
3.2 Mathematical Model
4 Conclusions and Recommendations
References
Vibration Mitigation and Finite Element Model Calibration in Coal Preparation Plants Using Bayesian Model Updating
1 Introduction
1.1 Structure Description
2 Vibration Survey
3 Centrifuges Floor Analysis
3.1 System Identification and Model Updating
3.2 Mitigation Strategy and Validation
4 Screen Floor Analysis
5 Conclusion
References
Extension of Linear Systems by Fractional Derivatives
1 Introduction
2 Fractional Derivatives
2.1 Definition
2.2 Solution in Time Domain
2.3 Solution in Frequency Domain
3 System Dynamics with Fractional Derivatives
3.1 Differential Equation
3.2 Fractional State Space
3.3 Transfer Function (FRF)
4 Modal Parameter Identification
4.1 Optimization Approach
4.2 General Identification Approach from FRF
4.3 OMA Identification in State Space
5 Summary
References
A Novel Lagged Estimation Framework for Sparsely Observed Systems Supplemented with Virtual Measurements
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Numerical Examples
4 Conclusion
References
Output-Only Methods for Bridge Identification and Structural Health Monitoring
Transforming Infrastructure Management in a Networked World: OMA Strategies Empowering SHM Diagnostics
1 Introduction
2 Data Analytics Pipeline
2.1 SHM System Design
2.2 Smart Data Acquisition and Management
2.3 Structure Baseline Characterization
2.4 Continuous Dynamic Monitoring
2.5 Periodic Checkpoints and Analysis Triggered by Threshold Exceedance
3 Case Study
3.1 The Case Study
3.2 Phase 1: Structure Characterization
3.3 Phase 2: Algorithms Initialization: Automatic Periodical Check on Resonant Frequencies Values
3.4 Phase 3: In-Depth Analysis After Anomaly Detection
4 Conclusions
References
Bridge Modal Identification Using Crowdsourced Vibration Data from Passing Vehicles
1 Introduction
2 Method
3 Simulation
4 Results
5 Conclusion
References
Validation and Comparison of Two AOMA Approaches for the Ambient Vibration Testing of Long Suspension Bridges Under Strong Wind Loads
1 Introduction
2 The Two Methodologies
2.1 DBSCAN-Based AOMA
2.2 Intelligent-Based AOMA
3 Description of the Hardanger Bridge Experimental Benchmark
3.1 The Structure and Its Permanently Installed Monitoring System
3.2 Target Values
3.3 Selected Signals and Output Channels
4 Results
5 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Output-Only Modal Analysis of Malahide Viaduct Bridge
1 Introduction
2 Malahide Viaduct UBB30 Ireland
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Dynamic Characterization of a Squat Historical Bridge by Considering Vehicle-Bridge Interaction
1 Introduction
2 The Case Study: Santa Teresa Bridge
2.1 Location and Geometry
2.2 Experimental Campaign Setup
3 Dynamic Identification of the Case Study
3.1 Dynamic Identification by Using Ambient Vibration Data
3.2 Dynamic Identification by Using Preset Loads Through Moving Vehicles
4 Conclusions
References
Output-Only Modal Analysis and System Identification for Indirect Bridge Health Monitoring: Needs, Requirements, and Limitations
1 Introduction
2 Vehicle Specifications
2.1 Vehicle Type
2.2 Modal Parameters
2.3 Mean of Propulsion and Engine Choice
3 Operating Conditions
4 Instrumentation Specifications
4.1 Collateral Measure of Other Motions of the Vehicle
4.2 Sensor Choice and Positioning
5 Post-processing Analysis
5.1 Modal Parameters, Vehicles, and Algorithms
5.2 Vehicle Dynamical Model
6 Conclusions
References
Operational Modal Analysis of Periodic Structures with Application to the Olifants River Viaduct
1 Introduction
2 Description of the Viaduct
3 Dynamic Testing
3.1 Ambient Vibration Test at Span Level
3.2 Ambient Vibration Test at Girder Level
4 Summary of the Identified Modes
5 Conclusions
References
Advancing Structural Health Monitoring: Case Studies in Operational Modal Analysis for Existing Structures
1 Introduction
2 Pre-stressed Reinforced Concrete Box Girders
2.1 Case Study Description
2.2 Experimental Modal Analysis
2.3 Results
3 'Arch-Stayed' Type Bridges
3.1 Case Study Description
3.2 Experimental Modal Analysis
3.3 Results
4 Conclusions
References
Towards a Digital Twin of a New Concrete Tied-Arch Bridge: Material Characterisation and Model Validation
1 Introduction
2 Description of the Case Study Bridge
3 Methodology
3.1 Validation of Concrete Mix Design
3.2 Ambient Vibration Testing
3.3 Strain Monitoring
3.4 Finite Element Model Updating of the Bridge Model
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Validation of Concrete Mix Design
4.2 Ambient Vibration Test Results
4.3 Strain Monitoring Results
5 Conclusions
References
OMA Applied to a Reinforced Concrete Railway Bridge Through a Reduced Measurement Set-Up
1 Introduction
2 Case Study
3 FEM Model
4 SSI-COV Algorithm
5 Results
6 Conclusions
References
Operational Modal Analysis and Structural Identification of a Concrete Box Girder Bridge
1 Introduction
2 Construction Techniques
3 Description of the Bridge
4 Structural Inspections
5 Dynamic Experimental Investigation
5.1 Instrumental Layout and Test Methods
5.2 Experimental Results
6 The FE Model
7 Experimental and Analytical Modal Correlation
8 Conclusions
References
Vibration-Based Assessment and Monitoring for Wind Energy Structures
Operational Modal Analysis of Wind Turbine Structures: A Maximum Likelihood Approach
1 Introduction
2 Model
2.1 The State Space Model for the Wind Turbine Structure
2.2 The State Space Model for the Harmonic Forces
2.3 The State Space Model for the Wind Turbine Including Harmonics
3 Model Estimation: The EM Algorithm
4 Numerical Results
5 Conclusions
References
Operational Modal Analysis of Wind Turbines: Onshore and Offshore Floating
1 Introduction
2 Description of the Case Studies
2.1 Tocha Onshore Wind Farm Monitoring Project
2.2 Dynamic Monitoring Project on Floating Wind Turbine
3 Experimental Results
3.1 Onshore Wind Turbine
3.2 Floating Offshore Wind Turbine
4 Conclusions
References
Modal Frequency and Damping Estimation of Wind Turbines: Analysis of a Wind Farm
1 Introduction
2 Preliminary Data Analysis
2.1 Dataset Description
2.2 State Analysis
3 Estimation of Modal Frequencies and Damping
3.1 Algorithm
3.2 Application to a Wind Farm
4 Discussion and Conclusions
References
On Additive Gaussian Processes for Wind Farm Power Prediction
1 Introduction
1.1 An Application: Wind Power Forecasting
1.2 Contribution
2 Data Exploration
2.1 Preprocessing
3 Modelling Approach
3.1 Generalised Additive Models
3.2 Gaussian Processes
3.3 Additive GPs
3.4 Method
4 Results
5 Conclusions and Next Steps
References
Monitoring Damage Progression in Wind Turbine Blade Under Fatigue Testing Using Acceleration Measurements
1 Introduction
2 Feature Extraction Techniques
2.1 Data Normalization
2.2 Signal Processing Features
3 Experimental Analysis
3.1 Experimental Campaign
3.2 Damage Monitoring Results
4 Conclusions
References
Extreme and Fatigue Load Reduction of Wind Turbines Towers: Optimal Design of a Hinge-Spring-Friction Device
1 Introduction
2 NREL-5 MW Equipped with HSFD
3 Noise Impact on Wind Turbine Operational Modal Analysis
3.1 Noise Analysis
4 Sensitivity of the OMA Method in Detecting Damage in the WTG-HSFD System
5 Conclusions and Future Works
References
Operational Modal Analysis of the Idling CART3 Research Wind Turbine Using BladeVision Data
1 Introduction
2 Framework
2.1 Flatirons Campus
2.2 Research Project SmartBlades2
2.3 BladeVision
3 Modal Identification
3.1 A Suitable BladeVision Data Set
3.2 System Identification
3.3 Influence of Varying Environmental Parameters
3.4 Special Case
3.5 SSI vs. LSCF
4 Conclusions
References
Optimal Sensor Placement to Improve the Virtual Sensing Precision
1 Introduction
2 Virtual Sensing via Modal Decomposition Expansion
3 Optimal Sensor Placement for MDE-Based vS
4 Optimal Number of Sensors
5 Orientation of Sensors
6 Test Object and Simulated Experiment
7 The Validation Procedure and Noise Models
8 Sensor Configurations
9 Results and Discussion
10 Conclusion
References
Scaling Operational Modal Analysis Through Delayed DBSCAN Tracking: Lessons from Widespread Offshore Wind Turbine Monitoring
1 Introduction
2 Wind Turbines OMA-Based SHM Workflow
3 SHM Optimization via DBSCAN and Machine Learning
3.1 DBSCAN and Regression Techniques Tracking Applications
3.2 Data Normalization via Fleetwide Model
4 Conclusion
References
Sensors
Optical Detection of Mechanical Vibration
1 Introduction
2 Applied Methods
3 Case Study
4 Results
5 Conclusions
References
MonVia Project, Development and Application of a New Sensor Box
1 Introduction
2 The "Papa Giovanni XXIII" Bridge Case Study
3 Modelling and Preliminary Results
4 Design and Development of the Bridge's Monitoring System
4.1 The Prototype of the Multi-parametric Sensor Box
4.2 Installation
4.3 System Software Design for Data Management, Visualization and Pre-analysis
5 Conclusion
References
Vision-Based Operational Modal Analysis Robust to Environmental Conditions
1 Introduction
2 Robust Vision-Based Motion Estimation
2.1 Two-Step Image Correlation
2.2 Robustness to Illumination Variation
3 Applications
3.1 Experimental Setup
3.2 Motion Estimation
3.3 Modal Analysis
4 Concluding Remarks
References
"Ansa del Tevere" Viaduct Modal Identification - Comparison Between a Classic and an Innovative Approach
1 Motion Magnification Technique Overview
2 "Ansa del Tevere" Viaduct
3 Identification of Measurement Location and Data Acquisition Methods
4 Results
5 Conclusions
References
Last Advancements in the Diffuse Structural Health Monitoring of Masonry Buildings from the Experimental Testing of a Full-Scale Case Study Structure Subjected to Controlled Damage
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Case Study Structure
2.2 Load Test
2.3 Strain-Based Monitoring System
2.4 Vibration-Based Monitoring System
3 Results
3.1 Static Structural Response
3.2 Dynamic Structural Response
4 Conclusions
References
Compressive Sensing for Operational Modal Analysis of a Prestressed Concrete Bridge
1 Introduction
2 Compressive Sensing
3 Experimental Tests
4 Results
4.1 Modal Identification
4.2 Modal Identification by CS Recovery
5 Conclusions and Further Developments
References
Correction to: Isospectral Stiffness Matrix Identification for the Equivalent Frame Modeling of Buildings
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Proceedings of the 10th International Operational Modal Analysis Conference (IOMAC 2024)

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