
Dispute Resolution in the 34th America's Cup
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This book - continuing the tradition of Kluwer Law International's earlier publications on the 31st, 32nd, and 33rd America's Cup - offers richly detailed expert commentary (along with the decision texts themselves) on the judgments of various courts and other dispute resolution bodies delivered during the tumultuous 34th America's Cup. Since there is no official record of many of these documents, this book is the only source that presents them together in a single volume, with the added benefit of commentary. Among the aspects covered are the following:
- - all decisions issued by the 34th America's Cup International Jury, as well as related decisions or awards rendered by other bodies (ISAF Disciplinary Commission, ISAF Review Board and the Court of Arbitration for Sport);
- - judgments of the New York Supreme Court and its Appellate Division regarding the rejection of the African Diaspora Maritime Corporation application to compete to be a defender;
- - the pivotal Jury decision affirming that the AC72 yacht could be made to foil on its centreboards and rudders, dramatically increasing its speed;
- - the first-time-ever Youth America's Cup; and
- - the extensive mediation concerning safety recommendations following the death of a sailor.
A general introduction surveys the most important and peculiar issues pertaining to the event.
Written not only as a comprehensive legal record of the 34th America's Cup but also with a view to favor future matches and to limit the possibilities of new controversies, the book takes a significant step toward ensuring that disputes are dealt with by arbitration and not by lengthy, costly, and uncertain state court proceedings. In this way the book provides invaluable guidance for trustees, competitors, and event officials, not only for the America's Cup but by extension to other major international sporting events.
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Content
- Intro
- Halftitle Page
- Dedication
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Editor
- Contributors
- Table of Contents
- List of Abbreviations
- Acknowledgment
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1 The Book
- 1.2 Historical background
- 1.2.1 History
- 1.2.2 Dispute Resolution Before the 34th America's Cup
- 1.3 The 34th America's Cup Jury
- 1.3.1 A brief overview of the 34th America's Cup
- 1.3.2 Chairman's Overview
- 1.3.3 The 'Rule 69' and 'Protocol Article 60' Cases (Cases AC31 and AC33 respectively)
- 1.3.4 Sailing Jury Decisions and Red Bull Series
- 1.3.5 The AC45 World Series
- 1.3.6 Mediation and Jury Cases AC24 and AC25
- 1.4 Future of the America's Cup
- 1.4.1 The 35th America's Cup
- 1.4.2 Protocol Governing the 35th America's Cup
- 1.4.3 Venue
- 1.4.4 Commercial Rights
- 1.4.5 Dispute Resolution
- 1.4.6 Neutral Management
- 1.4.7 Nationality of Crew
- 1.4.8 Construction in Country
- 1.4.9 Summary
- 2. The Deed of Gift (24 October 1887)
- 3. The Protocol Governing the 34th America's Cup, Incorporating Amendments 1 through 19 (Consolidated Version 2 September 2013)
- 4. Rules of Procedure
- 4.1 Jury Rules of Procedure (Published 25 May 2011, as Amended on 22 May 2013)
- 4.2 Jury Guidelines for the Award of Costs and Expenses (Published 13 August 2011)
- 4.3 Jury Guidelines for the Dissemination of Information (Issued pursuant to Rule 7.3 of the Jury Rules of Procedure) (20 April 2012)
- 5. Other 34th America's Cup Governing Documents
- 5.1 ISAF
- 5.1.1 The ISAF Racing Rules of Sailing - America's Cup Edition (Version 1.19 - August 2013)
- 5.2 Measurement Committee
- 5.2.1 AC45 Class Rule (Version 1.1 - 11 November 2011)
- 5.2.2 AC72 Class Rule (Version 1.1 - 30 July 2013)
- 6. The 34th America's Cup Jury Decisions
- 6.1 AC01 AR Request for interpretation of the term 'constructed in country'
- 6.1.1 JN001 - Directions 1 (10 March 2011) / Inviting Responses
- 6.1.2 JN002 - Directions 2 (18 March 2011) / Suspension of Case pending Protocol change
- 6.1.3 JN003 - Decision (25 March 2011) / Case closed due to change of Protocol
- 6.2 AC02 ETNZ v. GGYC Validity of accepting Notices of Challenge
- 6.2.1 JN004 - Directions 1 (30 May 2011) / Inviting Responses
- 6.2.2 JN005 - Directions 2 (2 June 2011) / Inviting Response from GGYC
- 6.2.3 JN006 - Decision and Directions 3 (19 June 2011) / Decision on Validity and Inviting Responses
- 6.2.4 JN007 - Decision (6 July 2011) / No fault with GGYC appointing KSSS as CoR
- 6.3 AC03 ACEA v. ETNZ Breach of Protocol Article 51.1. Failure to use AC website
- 6.3.1 JN008 - Mediation Directions 1 (22 July 2011) / Jury agreement to mediation
- 6.3.2 JN009 - Mediation Directions 2 (11 August 2011) / Agreement to adjourn to 30 September
- 6.3.3 JN012 - Mediation Statement (5 October 2011) / Offer to continue Mediation
- 6.3.4 JN015 - Closure (6 December 2011) / Case closed to satisfaction of parties
- 6.4 AC04 Aleph Request for redress for an error by the Race Officer. Towing advertising floats onto the course in the path of Aleph and Regatta Director Request for redress for an error by the Race Officer. Towing advertising floats onto the course in the path of Aleph
- 6.4.1 JN010 - Redress Decision (11 August 2011) / Aleph's request denied. RD's request granted. Aleph's elapsed time reduced by 10 seconds
- 6.5 AC05 ACRM/RD v. Aleph, GC, AR Two related incidents resulting in damage to three boats. Umpires penalised GC on the water for both incidents
- 6.5.1 JN011 - Decision (23 September 2011) / Award of Costs against GC
- 6.5.2 JN016 - Directions (7 December 2011) / Revised Quantum and Inviting submissions on request to reopen
- 6.5.3 JN019 - Directions 2 (13 December 2011) / Inviting GC to Reply to Responses
- 6.5.4 JN022 - Directions (23 December 2011) / Decision not to reopen
- 6.6 AC06 OTUSA Request for interpretation of Protocol to ensure a possible agreement with a Challenger or Defender Candidate is compliant with the Rules that govern the Event
- 6.6.1 JN013 - Directions 1 (18 November 2011) / Inviting Responses and Reply
- 6.6.2 JN017 - Directions 2 (9 December 2011) / Inviting further responses
- 6.6.3 JN018 - Directions 3 (12 December 2011) / Extension of deadline for responses
- 6.6.4 JN024 - Decision (28 December 2011) / Answer to 8 questions - cooperation and SY
- 6.7 AC07 AR v. ETNZ, LR Planned cooperation agreement ETNZ-LR causing possible violation of Protocol
- 6.7.1 JN014 - Directions (18 November 2011) / On-hold not Inviting Responses
- 6.7.2 JN026 - Directions 2 (14 January 2012) / Inviting Responses and Reply
- 6.7.3 JN029 - Directions 3 (26 January 2012) / Confidentiality Order to Submit agreement
- 6.7.4 JN030 - Receipt of agreement (27 January 2012) / Notification of Compliance by ETNZ/LR
- 6.7.5 JN032 - Decision (13 February 2011) / ETNZ and LR agreement is compliant with Protocol
- 6.7.6 JN034 - Costs (2 March 2012) / Costs awarded one third each to AR / ETNZ /LR ?5400
- 6.8 AC08 ETNZ Request for interpretation of the term 'Surrogate Yacht' / LOA
- 6.8.1 JN020 - Directions (14 December 2011) / Inviting Submissions
- 6.8.2 JN023 - Decision (28 December 2011) / Determination of LOA-excluding fittings
- 6.9 AC09 ETNZ Request for interpretation of Protocol Article 5.2 voting procedures and in particular relating to Protocol Amendments under Article 14.1
- 6.9.1 JN021 - Directions 1 (21 December 2011) / Inviting Responses
- 6.9.2 JN025 - Decision (9 January 2012) / Voting rights for AC72 events
- 6.10 AC10 CT Request for interpretation regarding the use of crew that sail in Extreme 40 events
- 6.10.1 JN027 - Directions 1 (14 January 2012) / Directions Inviting Responses and Reply
- 6.10.2 JN031 - Decision (9 February 2012) / Extreme 40's do not create surrogate Yachts
- 6.11 AC11 OTUSA Request for clarification Jury Decision in AC06 regarding common design input and training with another Competitor
- 6.11.1 JN028 - Directions (22 January 2012) / Inviting Responses and Reply
- 6.11.2 JN033 - Decision (20 February 2012) / Responses to questions from OTUSA. Creation of surrogate yacht
- 6.11.3 JN035 - Cost Award (2 March 2012) / No costs awarded - flawed Protocol
- 6.12 AC12 ACRM v. GC Failure to pay costs as awarded in AC05
- 6.12.1 JN036 - Directions (4 March 2012) / Final time for GC to pay
- 6.12.2 JN037 - Directions (3 April 2012) / Further time for GC to pay
- 6.12.3 JN038 - Closure (17 April 2012) / Acknowledges withdrawal of RCNV-GC
- 6.13 AC13 AR Request for review and clarification of Jury Decision in AC11 (in particular paragraph 21), AC07 and AC06
- 6.13.1 JN039 - Directions 1 (29 May 2012) / Inviting Responses and Reply
- 6.13.2 JN040 - Directions 2 (31 May 2012) / Inviting Responses and Reply - Revised Dates
- 6.13.3 JN041 - Partial Decision (4 July 2012) / Dismissal under Protocol 3(b) notice of oral hearing on clarification
- 6.13.4 JN042 - Directions 3 (22 July 2012) / Cancelling oral hearing - submissions by 31 July
- 6.13.5 JN047 - Confirmation of decision (27 August 2012) / Included 'observation' under 33.4
- 6.13.6 JN049 - Costs (14 September 2012) / AR to pay ?10,000
- 6.14 AC14 ACRM v. CT Appeal against fine imposed by RD for failure to pay fine due to failure to compete in Newport ACWS regatta
- 6.14.1 JN043 - Directions 1 (7 August 2012) / Confidentiality and direction to pay or appeal
- 6.14.2 JN044 - Directions 2 (10 August 2012) / Due to appeal payment to be held in trust. Submissions invited
- 6.14.3 JN046 - Decision (26 August 2012) / Appeal dismissed. Restructuring Team is not outside their control
- 6.14.4 JN048 - Costs & Confidentiality (14 September 2012) / Award of costs against CT of $9,000
- 6.14.5 JN063 - Lifting confidentiality (13 January 2013) / And releasing a number of associated JNs
- 6.15 AC15 Regatta Director v. BAR Failure to comply with RRS AC 56
- 6.15.1 JN045 - Decision (23 August 2012) / Protest upheld - results stand
- 6.16 AC16 ETNZ v. MC MC effectively amended the Class Rule and therefore exceeded its jurisdiction when it issued PI 22 requiring dagger boards to be fully down when calculating displaced volume of canoe bodies
- 6.16.1 JN050 - Directions 1 (24 September 2012) / Inviting responses and Reply
- 6.16.2 JN051 - Decision (7 October 2012) / PI 22 to be withdrawn, 1,4(k) may be determined with boards up
- 6.17 AC17 LR v. ACEA ACEA Change of location requirements for the village and team bases and associated costs
- 6.17.1 JN069 - Final Agreement (7 April 2013) / Team Base Arrangements agree. OTUSA pier 80, AR Alameda, LR/ ETNZ pier 30/32
- 6.18 AC18 AR v. Jury The Jury effectively amended the Class Rule and therefore exceeded its jurisdiction when it issued its Decision in Jury Case AC16
- 6.18.1 JN052 - Directions 1 (24 October 2012) / Inviting Responses and Reply
- 6.18.2 JN054 - Decision (23 November 2012) / Jury did not change a class rule
- 6.18.3 JN057 - Costs (6 December 2012) / AR to pay ?10,000
- 6.19 AC19 LR v. OTUSA Illegal reconnaissance and a violation of Protocol Article 37.2(g)
- 6.19.1 JN053 - Directions 1 (21 November 2012) / Inviting Responses and Reply - Costs and Penalties Later
- 6.19.2 JN056 - Dissemination of Info (30 November 2012) / Details of case in public
- 6.19.3 JN058 - OTUSA Letter (15 December 2012) / Restricting the case to the one protest filed
- 6.19.4 JN059 - Decision Photos and Costs (18 December 2012) / OTUSA broke Protocol 37.2(g), surrender photos, cost/penalty submissions requested
- 6.19.5 JN060 - Cost and Penalty (29 December 2012) / OTUSA to pay ?11,500 costs - no sailing for 5 days
- 6.20 AC20 LR v. GGYC, ACEA, Regatta Director Cancellation of ACWS Venice 2013 and inclusion of two events in the USA at the end of May 2013 was not Protocol compliant
- 6.20.1 JN055 - Directions 1 (28 November 2012) / Inviting Responses and Reply
- 6.20.2 JN061 - Decision (2 January 2013) / Out of time re NY. Jury cannot interfere re Venice
- 6.20.3 JN062 - Costs Decision (12 January 2013) / LR to pay ?10,500
- 6.21 AC21 OTUSA Request for clarification as to the meaning of Protocol Article 35 in relation to boats on the water fulfilling functions such as emergency stand-by and observation of other Competitors
- 6.21.1 JN065 - Directions 1 (22 February 2013) / Responses invited from teams with AC72 yachts
- 6.21.2 JN066 - Decision (19 March 2013) / Interaction with the Yacht is not required for a boat on the water to be 'supporting'
- 6.21.3 JN068 - Costs (3 April 2013) / OTUSA to pay ?2,000
- 6.22 AC22 OTUSA Request for clarification as to the meaning of Protocol Article 28.2 - 'Racing period' at the time of ACWS events
- 6.22.1 JN067 - Directions 1 (23 March 2013) / Inviting submissions
- 6.22.2 JN070 - Decision (8 April 2013) / Racing period, Assembly and Construction - not testing
- 6.23 AC23 ACRM v. All Competitors The RD requested the Jury to mediate the implementation of the safety recommendations following the tragic incident in May 2013
- 6.23.1 JN071 - Mediation (12 June 2013) / Information regarding mediation
- 6.24 AC24 ETNZ v. Regatta Director The RD has exceeded his jurisdiction by introducing amendments to the Class Rule via RN 189 without the unanimous consent of the Competitors
- 6.24.1 JN072 - Directions 1 (29 June 2013) / Inviting Responses and Reply
- 6.25 AC25 LR v. Regatta Director The RD has exceeded his jurisdiction and authority by issuing RN188 and RN189
- 6.25.1 JN073 - Directions 1 (4 July 2013) / Inviting Responses and Reply
- 6.25a AC24-AC25 (consolidated)
- 6.25a.1 JN073a - Hearing information (7 July 2013) / Details of hearing arrangements
- 6.25a.2 JN074 - Decision (11 July 2013) / Protest upheld - RN 189 to be withdrawn
- 6.25a.3 JN075 - Clarification (15 July 2013) / Confirming that class rule changes approved as per CR4 since RN189 remain
- 6.25a.4 JN087 - Costs (31 July 2013) / General application, no costs
- 6.26 AC26 ACEA v. LR Failure to participate in Special Events, attending the LV opening party and displaying their AC45
- 6.26.1 JN076 - Directions (17 July 2013) / Inviting Responses and Reply
- 6.26.2 JN080 - Hearing (23 July 2013) / Hearing date, time and location
- 6.26.3 JN083 - Decision (25 July 2013) / LR breached Protocol 45 with respect to two special Events -Submissions on Penalty and Cost invited
- 6.26.4 JN089 - Costs (1 August 2013) / LR $70,000 fine payable to 2 charities and $20,000 costs
- 6.27 AC27 LR v. ACEA ACEA breached Protocol Article 48.1(d) using amended images of LR for promoting the Event
- 6.27.1 JN077 - Directions (17 July 2013) / Inviting Responses and Reply
- 6.27.2 JN082 - Notice of hearing (25 July 2013) / Hearing information
- 6.27.3 JN085 - Decision (27 July 2013) / No breach of Protocol. Cost submissions invited
- 6.27.4 JN091 - Costs (4 August 2013) / Cost order - LR to pay $14,000. Cost order - ETNZ to pay $10,000
- 6.27.5 JN094 - Cost Order Correction (6 August 2013) / Only ACEA sought legal advice
- 6.28 AC28 ETNZ Questions regarding Defender Candidate Status, Course Access and the requirement to provide telemetry data
- 6.28.1 JN078 - Directions (18 July 2013) / Inviting Responses and Reply
- 6.28.2 JN084 - Directions 2 (26 July 2013) / New issues in Reply - time for further Response and Reply
- 6.28.3 JN088 - Decision (31 July 2013) / Defender SLR access as published schedule. Telemetry only to ACRM / USCG unless racing
- 6.28.4 JN092 - Cost (4 August 2013) / Cost order ETNZ to pay $ 10,000
- 6.29 AC29 ACEA v. LR Cancellation of Team Hospitality Lounge
- 6.29.1 JN079 - Directions (20 July 2013) / Inviting Responses and Reply
- 6.29.2 JN081 - Directions 2 (23 July 2013) / Jurisdiction submissions - Directions 1 suspended
- 6.29.3 JN086 - Decision Jurisdiction (28 July 2013) / The Jury has jurisdiction
- 6.29.4 JN090 - Directions (1 August 2013) / Revised Timetable - oral hearing 8 August 2013
- 6.29.5 JN095 - Hearing Directions (7 August 2013) / Hearing Schedule and Location
- 6.29.6 JN097 - Closing (12 August 2013) / Case settled before hearing - no cost awards
- 6.30 AC30 ACRM v. OTUSA Protest - weight in king posts of AC45s
- 6.30.1 JN093 - Confidentiality Order (5 August 2013) / All related matter to be confidential to the Parties until further notice
- 6.30.2 JN096 - Orders (8 August 2013) / Lifting confidentiality order, rescore ACWS, OTUSA to return prizes
- 6.30.3 JN098 - Additional Reports (16 August 2013) / To file original OTUSA report and additional Report from MC on Jurycomms
- 6.31 AC31 Jury v. OTUSA Team Members Allegation of Gross Misconduct - deliberate breach of Class Rules
- 6.31.1 JN101 - Confidentiality Order (19 August 2013) / Confidentiality Order Covering all aspects except the existence of the case
- 6.31.2 JN103R - Notification (19 August 2013) / Notifications to 6 individuals of allegations under RRS AC 69
- 6.31.3 JN106 - Directions and Hearing (20 August 2013) / Hearing venue, date and Jury witnesses
- 6.31.4 JN108R - Hearing continuance (21 August 2013) / Hearing delayed to 26 August, but Directions Hearing on 22 August
- 6.31.5 JN110R - Directions & Confidentiality (23 August 2013) / Details on the conduct of the Hearing for AC31
- 6.31.6 JN114 - Further Directions (28 August 2013) / Regarding the timetable for the Decision and Submissions on Penalties
- 6.31.7 JN115R - Decision (29 August 2013) / Decision and notice of Hearing on Penalties
- 6.31.8 JN116 - Decision (3 September 2013) / Decision including Penalties / Four individuals penalized, one warned, one case dismissed
- 6.31.9 ISAF Review Board (12 September 2013) / Decision on Mr de Ridder's appeal regarding eligibility
- 6.31.10 ISAF Review Board (3 October 2013) / Further reasons regarding the Decision on Mr de Ridder's appeal
- 6.31.11 JN123 - Limited lifting of the Confidentiality Order (9 December 2013) / Regarding use of Court Reporter transcript in ISAF disciplinary proceedings
- 6.31.12 JN124 - Limited lifting of the Confidentiality Order (14 December 2013) / Regarding use of Court Reporter transcript in ISAF disciplinary proceedings
- 6.31.13 ISAF Disciplinary Commission (22 January 2014) / Liability Decision
- 6.31.14 ISAF Disciplinary Commission (28 February 2014) / Reconsidered Decision
- 6.31.15 ISAF Review Board (23 May 2014) / Decision
- 6.31.16 CAS (8 December 2014) / Arbitral Award
- 6.32 AC32 ETNZ v. ACRM/ACEA Length of Leg 2 of the Course
- 6.32.1 JN099 - Closure (16 August 2013) / Application withdrawn - no costs - case closed
- 6.33 AC33 Jury v. OTUSA To determine if OTUSA has breached Protocol Article 60.1 - Bringing the AC into disrepute
- 6.33.1 JN102 - Notification (19 August 2013) / Jury decision to conduct hearing under Protocol 60
- 6.33.2 JN107 - Hearing (20 August 2013) / Deferred to 29 August
- 6.33.3 JN112 - Further Directions (24 August 2013) / MC report and order to ACEA for a report on the effect on the America's Cup
- 6.33.4 JN113 - Further Directions (28 August 2013) / Hearing date 30 August, witnesses and AC31 transcript
- 6.33.5 JN117 - Decision (3 September 2013) / 60.1 $250,000 fine and lose first two wins in the Match
- 6.33.6 JN122 - Costs (11 September 2013) / Cost order - OTUSA to pay $30,000
- 6.34 AC34 Regatta Director v. ETNZ Transfer of personnel on the race course when not permitted
- 6.34.1 JN100 - Directions (18 August 2013) / Hearing on 18 August
- 6.34.2 JN104 - Decision (19 August 2013) / ETNZ broke Protocol 12(d)(iv) transferring crew before termination but no further penalty
- 6.35 AC35 OTUSA v. LR /ETNZ Breach of Protocol Article 37.2(a) - trespassing on OTUSA property
- 6.35.1 JN105 - Directions 1 (19 August 2013) / Hearing to address if actions described could be considered to be trespass
- 6.35.2 JN109 - Withdrawal of Protest (21 August 2013) / Protest withdrawn at hearing
- 6.35.3 JN111 - Costs (24 August 2013) / Cost order - OTUSA to pay $5,000
- 6.36 AC36 ETNZ v. MC The MC has effectively amended Class Rule 19.1 and therefore exceeded its jurisdiction by issuing PI 54
- 6.36.1 JN118 - Directions 1 (3 September 2013) / Request for Responses
- 6.36.2 JN119 - Directions 2 (4 September 2013) / Hearing to be held on 5 September
- 6.36.3 JN120 - Decision (6 September 2013) / Application out of time - relates to PI 49
- 6.36.4 JN121 - Costs (11 September 2013) / Cost order - ETNZ to pay $5,000
- 6.37 JN064 - Jury Lists and Responses (15 February 2013) / Separate Jurycomms72 and OK to submit responses directly to the Jury
- 7. Judicial Decisions
- 7.1 New York Supreme Court Decision regarding the Rejection of African Diaspora Maritime Corporation Application to compete to be a Defender in the 34th America's Cup (18 January 2013)
- 7.2 New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division Decision regarding the Rejection of African Diaspora Maritime Corporation Application to compete to be a Defender in the 34th America's Cup (25 June 2013)
- Index
- Back Cover
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