
Scientific Methods for the Humanities
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- Scientific Methods for the Humanities
- Editorial page
- Title page
- LCC data
- Dedication page
- Table of contents
- List of Figures, Tables and Graphs
- Acknowledgements
- Foreword
- A new beginning
- 1.1 Understanding versus explaining
- 1.2 Some problems
- 1.3 Two cultures?
- 1.4 The scientific study of meaning
- 1.5 A visit to Wundt's laboratory
- 1.6 The Wundt curve
- 1.7 Empirical aesthetics
- 1.8 The Clockwork Muse
- 1.9 Complexity
- 1.10 Why methodology?
- Assignment
- To be carried out before turning to chapter two
- Some misconceptions about scientific and empirical research of culture
- Basic insights from the philosophy of science
- 2.1 The word 'science'
- 2.2 Motion
- 2.3 Foundations
- 2.4 Contradictions
- 2.5 Predictions
- 2.6 An experiment
- 2.7 Comparison of theories
- 2.8 Critique
- 2.9 White swans, black swans
- 2.10 A three-stage model
- 2.11 Immune theories
- 2.12 The truth?
- 2.13 Research, an example
- 2.14 Conclusion
- Research methodology and design
- 3.1 Against monomethodology
- 3.2 Making a plan for research
- 3.2.1 Step 1
- 3.2.2 Step 2
- 3.2.3 Step 3
- 3.2.4 Step 4
- 3.2.5 Step 5
- 3.3 Laying out your conceptual model
- 3.3.1 Step 6
- 3.4 A study of the literature
- 3.4.1 Make a plan
- 3.4.2 Look for sources
- 3.4.3 PsycINFO
- 3.4.4 Evaluation
- Methods of data collection
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Observation research
- 4.2.1 Deciding on the type of observation research
- 4.2.2 Degree of researcher involvement
- 4.2.3 Reduce subject interactivity
- 4.2.4 How to avoid observer bias
- 4.3 Stages in the research
- 4.4 Think-aloud protocols
- 4.5 Diary
- 4.6 Interview
- 4.7 Focus groups
- 4.8 Experiment
- 4.9 Content analysis
- 4.10 Survey
- 4.10.1 Cross-section study
- 4.10.2 Panel study
- 4.10.3 Trend studies
- 4.10.4 Cohort studies
- 4.11 What is next?
- 4.12 Other sources
- 4.12.1 Observations
- 4.12.2 Electronic texts
- 4.12.3 Concordances
- 4.12.4 Analyzing qualitative research material
- How to construct a questionnaire
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Levels of measurement
- 5.3 Types of questions
- 5.3.1 Checklist
- 5.3.2 Multiple choice
- 5.3.3 Graphic rating scale
- 5.3.4 Itemized rating scale
- 5.3.5 Rank-order rating scale
- 5.3.6 Constant-sum rating scale and fractionation rating scale
- 5.3.7 Likert scale
- 5.3.8 Semantic differential scales
- 5.4 How to formulate a question?
- 5.5 Questionnaire design
- 5.6 Instruction
- 5.7 Layout
- 5.8 Procedure
- Experiment
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Independent and dependent variables
- 6.3 Designs
- 6.3.1 Between-subjects designs
- 6.3.2 Within-subjects designs
- 6.4 Building an experimental design
- 6.4.1 Extending on the classical experimental design
- 6.4.2 Doing the 'next best thing'
- 6.5 Control groups
- 6.6 Estimating validity
- 6.6.1 Internal validity
- 6.6.2 External validity
- How to enter and manipulate data in SPSS
- 7.1 Why use a computer program?
- 7.2 Start SPSS
- 7.3 Preparing the Variable View
- 7.4 Entering the data in data view
- 7.5 Manipulating data
- 7.5.1 Compute: making new variables based on your data
- 7.5.2 Recode: changing the values of your variables
- 7.5.3 Select Cases: doing analyses on a subset of your data
- 7.6 Closing SPSS
- Descriptive statistics
- 8.1 Two measures of descriptive statistics
- 8.2 Measures of central tendency
- 8.3 Measures of dispersion
- 8.4 The normal distribution
- 8.5 Two distributions
- 8.6 Descriptive statistics with spss
- 8.7 Cronbach's a
- 8.8 Graphs
- 8.8.1 Bar charts
- 8.8.2 Line graph
- 8.8.3 Boxplots
- 8.9 Final words
- Inference Statistics
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Errors
- 9.3 Region of rejection
- 9.4 Regression analysis
- 9.5 Correlations
- 9.6 Outlook
- Inference statistics
- 10.1 Which test(s) to choose?
- 10.2 t-test
- 10.3 Wilcoxon test for paired samples
- 10.4 Mann-whitney ('U-Test') for independent samples
- 10.5 The Kruskal-Wallis test
- 10.6 Non-parametric tests for related samples
- 10.7 Crosstabs
- 10.8 Overview
- Inference statistics
- 11.1 Analysis of variance
- 11.2 General Linear Model
- 11.3 Repeated measures
- 11.4 Conclusion
- Communicating results
- 12.1 Oral presentations
- 12.1.1 Submitting an abstract
- 12.1.2 Presenting yourself
- 12.1.3 Organizational aspects
- 12.1.4 Preparing a script
- 12.1.5 Speaking to an audience
- 12.1.6 Discussion time
- 12.1.7 Using media
- 12.2 Written presentations
- 12.2.1 Where to publish
- 12.2.2 Structuring your paper
- 12.2.2.1 Title page
- 12.2.2.2 Keywords
- 12.2.2.3 Abstract
- 12.2.2.4 Introduction
- 12.2.2.5 Method
- 12.2.2.6 Results
- 12.2.2.7 Discussion
- 12.2.3 Where to begin
- 12.2.4 Some stylistic reminders
- 12.2.4.1 Pronouns
- 12.2.4.2 Markers
- 12.2.4.3 Gender
- 12.2.4.4 Politeness
- 12.2.4.5 Tone
- 12.2.5 Sources and citing
- 12.2.5.1 Citing sources APA style
- 12.2.5.2 Citing sources MLA style
- 12.2.6 Some words of caution
- 12.2.7 Final checklist before submitting
- 12.2.8 Submitting your paper
- 12.3 Poster sessions
- 12.3.1 Preparations
- 12.3.2 Graphs, tables, illustrations
- 12.3.3 The text
- 12.3.4 Making the poster
- 12.4 Final words
- Epilogue
- Bibliography
- Notes on contributors
- Author index
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