Systems Analysis and Simulation in Ecology

List of ContributorsPrefaceContents Of Volume IPart I Introduction to Systems Science 1. An Introduction to Systems Science for Ecologists I. Introduction II. Structuring the System: The Role of the Observer III. Describing the System IV. Levels of Organization V. Energy Systems VI. Some Thoughts on Ecological Systems VII. Beyond Modeling Appendix I. Suggested Readings Appendix II. A Compartment Model ReferencesPart II The Ecosystem: Systems Analysis 2. Steady-State Sensitivity Analysis of Energy Flow in a Marine Ecosystem I. Introduction II. The Energy Flow Model III. The Mathematical Model IV. Sensitivity Analysis V. Discussion References 3. Frequency Response Analysis of Magnesium Cycling in a Tropical Forest Ecosystem I. General Introduction and Introduction to Frequency Response Analysis II. Description of the Ecological System III. Concepts in Frequency Response Analysis and Applications to the Modeled Ecosystem IV. Discussion V. Summary ReferencesPart III Theory 4. An Energy Circuit Language for Ecological and Social Systems: Its Physical Basis I. Introduction II. Energy Source Module III. Force and the Energy Pathway IV. Population Force V. Heat Sink Module VI. Passive Energy Storage Module VII. Potential-Generating Storage Module VIII. Intersection and Feedback IX. Constant Gain Amplifier Module X. Work Gate Module XI. The Switch Module XII. Self-Maintaining Module XIII. Cycling Receptor Module XIV. Production and Regeneration Module (P-R) XV. Economic Transactor Module XVI. System Examples and Their Simulation References 5. Steady-State Equilibriums in Simple Nonlinear Food Webs I. Introduction II. Systems with Simple Nonlinear Transfers III. Systems with Controlled Nonlinear Transfers IV. The Use of Nonlinear Systems in Modeling Reference 6. Structural Properties of Food Webs I. Introduction II. The Trophic Relation III. Graph Formulation of Food Webs IV. Graph Properties of Food Webs V. Status in Food Webs VI. Summary References 7. Niche Quantification and the Concept of Niche Pattern I. Introduction II. The Model III. Methods and Materials IV. Results and Discussion V. Niche Theory VI. Niche Patterns VII. Summary References Appendix. Degrees of Freedom, and F Values Associated with Table IIIPart IV Applications and Prospects 8. Systems Analysis Applied to Some Fisheries Problems I. Fisheries Problems in Perspective II. Systems Analysis and Simulation Models-General III. Application of System Analysis-The Georges Bank Haddock Fishery IV. Application of Bayes' Theorem for Decision Making in Fisheries Science V. Other Systems Analysis Applications References 9. Digital Simulation Modeling in Resource Management and the Training of Applied Ecologists I. Introduction II. Solving Statistical Problems in Applied Ecology by Simulation III. Management Simulation Models IV. Simulation Models for Training V. The Future of Simulation Modeling Appendix A. Selected General References on Computer Modeling and Simulation Appendix B. A Time-Sharing Algol Program (GRSIM) for Calculating Population Growth with a Generalized Version of the Leslie Matrix Model References 10. Systems Methods in Environmental Court Actions I. Introduction II. Scope of Technical Evidence in Environmental Litigation III.