Diffusion in Solids

List of ContributorsPreface1. Classical and Quantum Theory of Diffusion in Solids I. Introduction II. Jump Frequency III. Lattice Vibration Theory IV. Defect Modes V. Temperature Dependence-Classical Case VI. Mass Dependence-Classical Case VII. Quantum and Anharmonic Effects VIII. Lattice Vibration Theory and Diffusion Experiments References2. Exact Defect Calculations in Model Substances I. Introduction II. The Molecular Dynamics, Monte Carlo, and Molecular Statics Methods III. Discussion of Molecular Dynamics and Monte Carlo Results on Point Defects at Thermal Equilibrium Appendix A. Monte Carlo Acceptance Ratio Method for Free Energy Differences Appendix B. Lennard-Jones Vacancy Jump Calculations Appendix C. Molecular Dynamics Calculation of the Isotope Effect References3. Isotope Effects in Diffusion I. Preface II. Introduction III. Self-Diffusion in Pure Metals IV. Diffusion in Dilute Alloys V. Diffusion in Concentrated Alloys VI. Diffusion in Alkali and Silver Halide Crystals VII. Diffusion in Transition Metal Oxides VIII. Correlation Effects in Grain Boundary Diffusion References4. Fast Diffusion in Metals I. Introduction II. Experience on Fast Diffusion III. Corroboration of Existence of Interstitial-Type Defects IV. Fast Diffusion Mechanisms V. Interpretation of Fast Diffusion Behavior of Particular Systems References5. Hydrogen Diffusion in Metals I. Introduction II. Site Location, Phase Diagrams, and Solubility III. Experimental Methods IV. Values for the Diffusion Coefficients at Small Concentrations (a Phases) V. High Hydrogen Concentrations VI. Isotope Dependence VII. Deviations of the Diffusion Coefficient from the Arrhenius Relation VIII. Dependence on Alloying IX. Influence of Traps X. Influence of Structure XL Conclusions References6. Electromigration in Metals I. Introduction II. Formal Background III. Techniques for Measurement IV. The Nature of the Driving Force V. Interstitial Electromigration VI. Monovalent Metals and Their Alloys VII. Divalent Metals-Anisotropy in Single Crystals VIII. Electromigration in Trivalent Metals IX. Electromigration in Metals of More Complex Electronic Structure X. Electromigration in Thin Films: Problem for Integrated Circuitry References7. Atom Currents Generated by Vacancy Winds List of Symbols I. Introduction II. Theory III. Measurement of the Vacancy Wind and the Wind-Generated Solute Current IV. Solute Segregation around Vacancy Sinks References8. Diffusion in Alkali Halides I. Introduction II. Defects and Their Interactions III. Theory of Diffusion in Ionic Crystals IV. Experimental Methods V. The Experimental Situation and Numerical Results VI. Conclusion References9. Very Rapid Ionic Transport in Solids I. Introduction II. Special Characteristics of Fast Ionic Conductors III. Materials Which Exhibit Fast Ionic Motion IV. Theoretical Approaches to Fast Ion Conduction V. Outlook for the Future ReferencesIndex