Sulfur

¿I. Sulfur: The Element, its Geochemistry and some Aspects of its History Elemental Sulfur and Related Homocyclic Compounds and Ions 1. Introduction 2. Elemental Sulfur (Neutral Rings Sn) 3. Homocyclic Sulfur Cations 4. Homocyclic Sulfur Oxides 5. Homocyclic Sulfur Halide Cations Sulfur in the Earth's Crust, its Origin and Natural Cycle 1. Cosmic and Terrestrial Abundance of Sulfur 2. Sulfur Cycle in the Continental Crust 3. Sulfur Cycle in the Oceanic Crust 4. Isotopic Composition of Natural Sulfur 5. Sulfur in the Water Cycle at the Earth's Surface Sulfur in History: The Role of Sulfur in "Black Powder" 1. Gunpowder - A Chinese Invention? 2. Technology of Black Powder in the European Middle Ages 3. The Composition of Black Powder and the Reaction of Its Components 4. The Role of Sulfur in Black Powder Sulfur in Artwork: Lapis Lazuli and Ultramarine Pigments 1. A Five-Thousand Years Old Pigment 2. The Synthesis of Ultramarine 3. Structure Analysis of Lapis Lazuli and of the Ultramarine Pigments 4. Blue Sulfur? 5. The Chromophores in Ultramarine-Yellow, -Green, -Violet and -Red 6. Chemical Behavior of the Sulfur Species in Lapis Lazuli and in the Ultramarine Pigments 7. Concluding RemarksII. Chemistry New Developments in the Field of Organic Sulfur Chemistry 1 . Introduction 2. New Structures and New Methods for Understanding Structures 3. New Ideas on and New Applications of Reactions of Organosulfur Compounds 4. Sulfur-Containing Natural Products and Biologically Active Sulfur Compounds Organometallic Sulfur Compounds 1 . Introduction 2. Structural Types 3. Stabilisation Principles and Synthetic Approaches 4. Reactivity of M-SH Complexes 5. The M3S Electron Reservoir 6. Framework Reactions of Sulfur Bridged Organometal1ic Clusters Thiolates - Intriguing and Versatile Ligands for Transition Metals 1 . Introduction 2. Mononuclear Complexes with Monodentate Thiols 3. Polynuclear Thiolato-Complexes 4. Sulfide Formation by C-S Bond Cleavage 5. Polydentate Thiolato-Ligands; Sulfur-Sulfur Interactions 6. Redox Reactions and the Electrochemistry of Thiolato-Complexes 7. Sterically Hindered Thiolato-Ligands 8. Conclusion Metal Complexes of Sulfur and Sulfur-Nitrogen Compounds and their Catalytic Properties 1 . Introduction 2. Elemental Sulfur as a Ligand 3. Complexes with (CH2S)3, (CH2Se)3 and (CH2O)6 4. Sulfur-Nitrogen Species as Ligands 5. Metal-Catalyzed Formation of S(CN)4 Sulfido-Complexes of Molybdenum and Tungsten: Synthetic Aspects 1 . Introduction 2. Simple Thiometallate Anions and Their Reactions 3. Thiometal1ates as Ligands 4. Reactions of Thiometallates in the Presence of Thiolates 5. Mononuclear Complexes Interaction Between Metal Centers Through Sulfur Containing Ligands 1 . Introduction 2. Theoretical Background 3. Large Interaction between Copper(II) Ions Far Away from Each Other 4. Dithiooxamidato Copper(II) Dinuclear Complexes 5. Ab Initio Calculation of the Exchange Interaction in Dithiooxamide Complexes 6. Ordered Bimetallic Chains with Dithiooxalato Bridges 7. Magnetic Properties of Iron-Sulfur Complexes 8. Conclusion Spectroscopic Aspects of Sulfur Chemistry: Electronic and Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Sulfur-Containing Complexes, Ions and Radicals 1. Introduction 2. Transition Metal Thiometallates 3. Electronic and RR Spectra of Sulfur-Donor Complexes 4. Spectroscopic Studies on Cations 5.