The Sebaceous Glands

List of Contributors Introduction Chapter I The Development of Sebaceous Glands in Man I. Introduction II. Development of the Epidermis III. Development of the Hair Follicle IV. Development of the Sebaceous Glands V. Enzymes of the Fetal Sebaceous Glands VI. Summary and Conclusions VII. References Chapter II The Sebaceous Glands in Man I. Introduction II. The Microscopic Anatomy of Sebaceous Cells III. Histochemistry IV. Mechanism of Growth V. References Chapter III Comparative Aspects of Sebaceous Glands I. Introduction II. Histochemistry III. The Problems of Growth and Differentiation IV. References Chapter IV Sebaceous Glands in Oral and Lip Mucosa I. Introduction II. Sex Prevalence III. Familial Prevalence IV. Morphology and Histology V. Development VI. Properties and Composition of Buccal Sebum VII. Function VIII. Comparative Anatomy IX. Increase With Advancing Age X. ReferencesChapter V Ectopic Sebaceous Glands I. Introduction II. Female Genitalia III. Male Genitalia IV. The Nipples and Areolae V. Ocular Structures VI. The Palms and Soles VII. The Parotid Glands VIII. The Tongue IX. Miscellaneous Sites X. General Comment XI. Summary and Conclusions XII. References Chapter VI The Ultrastructure of the Sebaceous Glands of Man I. Introduction II. Materials and Methods III. Observations A. The Peripheral Undifferentiated Sebaceous Cells B. The Partially Differentiated Cells C. The Fully Differentiated Cells IV. Conclusions V. References Chapter VII The Uses of Sebum? I. Introduction II. Phylogenetic Considerations III. The Lipid Film IV. Comparative Physiology V. Vitamin D VI. Surface Lipids as Adjuncts to the Barrier Function of Skin VII. Sebum as an Emulsifier: Its Role in Moisture Regulation A. In Vitro Studies B. In Vivo Studies C. Sebum as an Emulsifier VIII. The Antifungal Properties of Sebum IX. Antibacterial Effect of Sebum X. Harmful Effect of Sebum XI. Nice Properties of Sebum XII. Summary XIII. ReferencesChapter VIII the Effect of Age and Sex on the Metabolism of the Preputial Gland of the Rat I. Introduction II. Observations A. Effects of Age and Sex on the Preputial Gland III. Discussion IV. Summary and Conclusions V. References Chapter IX Problems in the Analysis of Sebum I. Introduction II. Collection of Sebum III. Physical and Chemical Constants A. Melting Point B. Specific Gravity C. Viscosity D. Surface Tension E. Acid Number or Neutralization Equivalent F. Iodine Number G. Saponification Number H. Acetyl Number I. Total Nitrogen J. Lipid Phosphorus IV. Single Components A. Glycerol B. Sterols and Steroids C. Squalene V. Fraction Methods A. Whole Sebum B. Non-Saponifiable Material C. Urea Adduct Formation VI. Miscellaneous Physical Methods A. Fractional Distillation B. Ultraviolet and Infrared Spectrometry C. Mass Spectrometry D. Counter-Current Distribution VII. Applications of Gas Chromatography A. Fatty Acids B. Wax Alcohols C. Sterols D. Waxes E. Non-Saponifiable Material and Whole Sebum VIII. Conclusions IX. ReferencesChapter X Studies on the Regulation of Cholesterol Synthesis in the Skin and Preputial Gland of the Rat I. Introduction II. Methods III. Results A. Demonstration of Two Pathways in Skin B. Effects of Sex Hormones on Sterol Synthesis C.