
Sustainable Education and Development - Making Cities and Human Settlements Inclusive, Safe, Resilient, and Sustainable
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This book presents papers from the 10th Applied Research Conference in Africa (ARCA), showcasing the latest research on education and inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable communities. The conference is focused on applied research discussion and its dissemination, developing understanding about the role of research and researchers in the development of the continent.
Education is a key driver to transform lives, build peace, eradicate poverty and drive sustainable development in Africa. Researchers face large challenges to making a meaningful contribution to the development of Africa. It is a continent where research can at time be not viewed directly related to development. The aim of the Applied Research Conference in Africa is to provide a platform for capacity building and networking among researchers in Africa.
The proceedings is focussed on applied research, its discussion and dissemination and will be if interest to researchers, professors, graduate students, policymakers and professionals in industry.More details
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Content
- Intro
- Preface
- Organisation
- Conference Chair
- Local Organising Committee
- Editors
- Scientific Committee
- Contents
- The Impact of Climate Change on Construction Projects in South Africa
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 4.1 Section 1
- 4.2 Section 2
- 5 Achievements of Research Objectives
- 5.1 Research Objective 1 - to Determine the Most Logical Approach to Mitigate the Risks Experienced by Climate Change
- 5.2 Research Objective 2 - to Determine the Financial Implications on Construction Projects Experienced Due to Climate Change?
- 5.3 Research Objective 3 - to Determine the Major Concerns Raised by Climate Change in South Africa?
- 5.4 Research Objective 4 - to Determine the Extent to Which Contractors Have Implemented Methods to Adapt to the Effects of Climate Change?
- 5.5 Research Objective 5 - to Determine How Does Climate Change Impact the Construction Project Lifecycle?
- 5.6 Research Objective 6 - to Determine the Different Methods to Safeguard a Contractor Against the Impacts of Climate Change?
- 6 Conclusion and Recommendations
- References
- Students Housing Occupancy Satisfaction: Perception of Tertiary Students in Bloemfontein
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 2.1 Student Housing Satisfaction
- 2.2 Empirical Evidence of Student Housing Perception/Satisfaction
- 3 Research Methodology
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 4.1 Demographic Information
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Architect's Awareness, Knowledge and Usage of Sustainable Architecture in Nigeria
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 3 Findings
- 3.1 Level of Knowledge and Understanding
- 3.2 Awareness, Knowledge, and Usage
- 3.3 Willingness to Use Sustainable Architecture in the Future
- 3.4 Role of Nigeria Government in the Adoption of Sustainable Architecture
- 4 Discussion
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Heritage Impact Assessment: A Sustainable Tool for Historic Buildings and Sites Preservation in Ghana
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methods
- 2.1 Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA)
- 2.2 Policy and Legislation Concerning the Preservation and Management of Architectural Heritage in Ghana
- 2.3 History and Legal Framework of Cultural Heritage Preservation in Ghana
- 2.4 Development Planning in Ghana
- 3 Conclusion and Recommendations
- References
- Overcoming Challenges Associated with Circular Economy in Real Estate Development
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Overview of Circular Economy Concept for the Real Estate Sector
- 2.1 Circular Economy and Real Estate Development in Africa
- 3 Materials and Methods
- 4 Results
- 4.1 Challenges to Implementing Circular Economy in Real Estate Development
- 4.2 Towards Circular Economy Implementation
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Housing Policy and Well-Being of Civil Servants in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State, Nigeria
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 2.1 Integrating Housing Adjustment and Abraham Maslow Need Theories
- 3 Materials and Methods
- 3.1 The Population of the Study
- 3.2 Sampling Technique
- 3.3 Data Analysis
- 3.4 Data Analysis
- 4 Discussion
- 5 Conclusion and Recommendations
- References
- Creating Sustainable Cities: The Viability of Urban Regeneration in Bloemfontein, South Africa
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Case Studies
- 4.1 Nelson Mandela Bay: Port Elizabeth (2004 - 2008, R800 Million)
- 4.2 Radisson Blu Hotel and Residence: Cape Town (2015 - 2018, R1 Billion)
- 4.3 Jewel City: Johannesburg (2019 - Present, R1,2 Billion)
- 5 Findings and Discussion
- 5.1 What is Your Opinion of Urban Regeneration in General but More Specifically in Bloemfontein?
- 5.2 In Your Opinion, What Are the Barriers to Urban Regeneration, and How Can They Be Overcome?
- 5.3 In Your Opinion, What Makes Urban Regeneration Feasible and Viable? Will Urban Regeneration Be Possible in Bloemfontein?
- 5.4 In Your Opinion, Which Sites in Bloemfontein Will Be Most Suitable for Urban Regeneration?
- 5.5 Do You Think that Urban Regeneration Promotes Economic Growth? Will This Be Possible in Bloemfontein?
- 5.6 How Would You Implement Urban Regeneration in Bloemfontein so that It Would Be Viable?
- 5.7 Would You Say that Bloemfontein Can Be a Candidate for Successful Urban Regeneration, and Why?
- 5.8 What Possible Changes in Bloemfontein Inner-City/CBD Would Need to Be Considered to Increase the Functionality of an Urban Regeneration Project?
- 5.9 Can You Think of Buildings in Bloemfontein Inner-City/CBD that Would Be Viable to Regenerate? and Why Specifically Those?
- 5.10 Do You Know of Any Other Urban Regeneration Projects in South Africa, and What is Your Opinion?
- 6 Conclusion and Recommendations
- 7 Areas for Future Research
- References
- A Qualitative Inquiry into the Drivers of Sustainable Competitive Advantage in the Construction Industry: The Example of Ghana
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Drivers of Sustainable Competitive Advantage
- 3 Theory Underpinning the Study
- 4 Methodology
- 5 Findings and Discussion
- 5.1 Respondents' Demographics
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Towards Accessing Safe Affordable Housing for Artisans in Osogbo, Nigeria
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 2.1 Current Housing Problem in Osogbo City Osun State, Nigeria
- 2.2 Artisans Accessing Safe Affordable Housing in Osogbo City, Osun State
- 2.3 Effects of Nigerian Economic Situations on Building a House
- 2.4 Impact of Social Welfare Agencies on Artisans Building Personal Houses in Osogbo City
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Results and Discussion
- 4.1 Research Question 1: What Are the Factors Limiting Artisans from Affording to Build a Safe House in Osogbo City, Osun State, Nigeria?
- 4.2 Research Question 2: What Can the Social Welfare Agencies Do to Alleviate the Sufferings of Artisans from Affording Building Safe Houses in Osogbo City, Osun State, Nigeria?
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Adoption of Indoor Environmental Quality Assessment Framework for Naturally Ventilated Classrooms in Basic Schools in Ghana
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 3 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 3.1 Processes Involved in the Development of an IEQ Assessment Framework
- 3.2 Components of an IEQ Assessment Framework
- 4 Findings
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Assessing the Level of Sustainable Affordable Housing Consciousness Using Frugal Innovation
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Consciousness to SAH Using Frugal Innovation
- 3 Research Methodology
- 4 Data Analysis
- 4.1 Knowledge of Sustainable Affordable Housing Using Frugal Innovation
- 4.2 Source Ever Heard of Sustainable Affordable Housing
- 4.3 Source Ever Heard of Frugal Innovation
- 4.4 Discussion on Knowledge of Sustainable Affordable Housing Using Frugal Innovation
- 4.5 Analysis of the Perception on Implementation, Cost and Desire for SAH Using FI
- 4.6 Discussion of Perception on Implementation Cost and Desire or Wish to Own
- 4.7 ANOVA Analysis of SAH Using FI
- 4.8 Post Hoc Comparisons
- 4.9 Discussion of Analysis Using ANOVA on SAH Using Frugal Innovation
- 5 Conclusion and Recommendations
- References
- Emerging Contractors' Challenges with the Compliance of Occupational Health and Safety Standards in South Africa
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 2.1 Construction Health and Safety in South Africa
- 2.2 Construction Related OHS Legislation in South Africa
- 2.3 Subcontractor OHS Compliance
- 3 Research Approach and Design
- 4 Findings
- 4.1 PPE Related Perceptions
- 4.2 PPEs Provision Responsibility
- 4.3 Internal OHS Processes
- 4.4 OHS Training
- 4.5 Cost of OHS to SMME Contractors
- 4.6 OHS Responsibility On-site
- 5 Discussion
- 5.1 Emerging Contractors Awareness of OHS on Site
- 5.2 OHS Compliance Challenges of Emerging Contractors
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Alternative Sustainable Methods for Reconstruction and Development Housing Construction: The Perspective of Built Environment Students
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 2.1 Reconstruction and Development Housing (RDP) in South Africa
- 2.2 The Problems Associated with RDP Construction
- 2.3 Sustainability in Construction
- 2.4 Alternative Construction Methods in the Housing Sector
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings
- 4.1 Respondent's Opinion on General Barriers to the Implementation of Sustainable Construction Methods in RDP Housing
- 4.2 Viability of Alternative Construction Methods in RDP Housing
- 4.3 Challenges Contractors Face in Implementing Alternative Methods
- 5 Discussion
- 5.1 The Viable Alternative Construction Methods that Can Be Implemented in RDP Housing
- 5.2 The Challenges Faced in Applying ACM in the RDP Housing Programme
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Quality Assurance Management for Higher Education Harmonization Agenda's Sustainability in Africa
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 3 Findings
- 3.1 Test of Hypotheses
- 4 Discussion
- 4.1 Ways of Managing Information Systems for Higher Education Harmonization Agenda's Sustainability in Africa
- 4.2 Ways of Managing Documents and Records for Higher Education Harmonization Agenda's Sustainability in Africa
- 4.3 Ways of Managing Facilities for Higher Education Harmonization Agenda's Sustainability in Africa
- 4.4 Ways of Managing Personnel for Higher Education Harmonization Agenda's Sustainability in Africa
- 5 Conclusion
- 5.1 Recommendations
- References
- Socio-economic and Demographic Analysis on Resilience to Food Insecurity in Tanzania: Context of Covid-19
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 2.1 Entitlement Theory
- 3 Methodology
- 3.1 Research Design
- 3.2 Population
- 3.3 Sampling Techniques
- 3.4 Sample Size
- 3.5 Data Analysis
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 5 Conclusion and Recommendations
- References
- A Multicriteria Decision Making Approach for Evaluating Crop Residues for Sustainable Briquette Production in Ghana
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Materials and Method
- 2.1 Selection of Feedstock
- 2.2 Study Approach
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Surface Modification of Vegetal Fibre
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 3 Findings and Discussion
- 3.1 Physical Surface Modification
- 3.2 Biological Surface Treatment
- 3.3 Chemical Surface Modification
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Determining the Level of Economic Efficacy of Mandatory and Supplementary Schemes in the Post-retirement Period
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 2.1 Where is the Problem?
- 3 Methodology
- 3.1 Research Design
- 3.2 Study Population
- 3.3 Sampling Techniques
- 3.4 Data Collection Methods and Tools
- 3.5 Data Processing and Data Analysis
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 4.1 Social Demographic Characteristics
- 4.2 Facilitation of the Benefits to NSSF Post Retired Members
- 4.3 Level of Economic Efficacy of NSSF to Post Retired Beneficiaries
- 5 Conclusion and Recommendations
- References
- Societal Perception of National Resilience to a Pandemic
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 2.1 Resilience City Concept
- 2.2 Social Contract Theory
- 2.3 Pandemic Containment Capacity
- 2.4 Resources Dependence
- 2.5 Communication
- 2.6 Corruption Eradication
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings
- 5 Discussion
- 5.1 Pandemic Containment Capacity
- 5.2 Resources Dependence
- 5.3 Communication
- 5.4 Corruption Eradication
- 5.5 Defining National Resilience in Pandemic (NR-13p)
- 6 Conclusion and Recommendations
- 6.1 Conclusion
- 6.2 Recommendations
- 6.3 Suggestion for Further Research
- References
- VTI Anisotropy in Wellbore Strengthening Model
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Mathematical Modeling
- 2.1 In Situ Stress and Anisotropic Elasticity
- 2.2 The Dislocation Density Function
- 2.3 Fracture Width Distribution
- 2.4 Model Validation
- 3 Results and Discussions
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Health and Safety Hazards Confronting Mortuary Attendants
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theoretical Base of the Study
- 2.1 The Compensating Wage Differentials (CWDs) Theory
- 3 Methods
- 3.1 Instrument and Ethical Consideration
- 4 Data Analysis
- 4.1 Results
- 4.2 Theme Three: Safety Practices
- 5 Discussion
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Grassroots Farmers on Sustainable Environment Activities in Farming Communities of Ghana
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Conceptual and Empirical Review
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Results and Discussion
- 4.1 Correlation Analysis
- 5 Discussion
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Experimental Investigations of the Flexible Rotor System by Introducing Parametric Excitations into Both Ends of the Rotating Shaft Axially
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Rotor Dynamics Problem
- 1.2 Piezoelectric Actuator Solution
- 1.3 Double Piezoelectric Exciter Concept
- 2 Theoretical Works
- 2.1 Equations of Motion
- 2.2 Solutions to the Equations of Motion
- 3 Experimental Work
- 4 Results and Discussion
- 4.1 Theoretical Results
- 4.2 Experimental Results
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Technical Challenges Associated with Sustainable Land Use Through Vertical Construction
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings
- 4.1 Respondents' Profiles
- 5 Discussion
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Determining Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Chopbar Workers
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Materials and Methods
- 3 Instrument
- 4 Data Analysis
- 5 Results
- 6 Discussion
- 7 Limitations
- 8 Conclusion
- References
- Resilience to Food Insecurity in Central Tanzania: Absorptive, Adaptive, and Transformative Analysis
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 3 Findings and Discussion
- 3.1 Mean Resilience Indices Magnitude by Districts
- 4 Conclusion and Recommendations
- References
- Ujamaa: It's Implementation in Fishing in Mwanza, Tanzania 1960s-1980s
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Research Methodology
- 3 Discussion of Findings
- 4 The Government's Initiatives to Promote the Development of UjamaaFishing
- 5 Challenges that Faced the Implementation of UjamaaPolicy in Fishing
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Financial Performance of Firms Before and After Listing on Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange, Tanzania
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 2.1 Concept of Performance
- 2.2 Theoretical Underpinnings
- 2.3 Empirical Review
- 3 Research Methodology
- 3.1 Research Design, Data Type and Sources
- 3.2 Population, Sampling Technique and Sample Size
- 3.3 Data Analysis Techniques
- 3.4 Measurement of Variables
- 4 Results and Discussions
- 4.1 Descriptive Statistics
- 4.2 Student Paired T-test Statistics Results
- 4.3 Implications of Theory and Related Studies
- 5 Conclusion and Policy Implications
- References
- The Covid-19 Outbreak and The Disruption of Women-Headed Families' Livelihood in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Materials and Methods
- 2.1 Research Design
- 2.2 Research Instruments
- 2.3 Case Selection Criteria
- 2.4 Data Analysis
- 2.5 Findings and Discussion
- 2.6 The Effect of COVID 19 Pandemic on the Livelihood of Women Vendors Who Are also Heads of Families
- 2.7 Social Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Livelihood of Women Vendors
- 2.8 Challenges Faced by Women Vendors During the COVID 19 Pandemic
- 3 Conclusion
- References
- Learning from Stable Street Vendors' Groups: Lessons from WAMBOMA in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The WAMBOMA Group
- 2.1 Methodology
- 3 Findings and Discussion
- 3.1 Selling of Poor Quality and Contaminated Products
- 3.2 Dirtiness and Pollution
- 3.3 Lawlessness, Crimes and Conflicts with Other Formal Businesses and Residents
- 3.4 Blocking the Free Flow of Traffic
- 3.5 Strong Leadership
- 3.6 Unity
- 3.7 Strong Network
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Enhancement of an Electromechanically Excited Spinning Pendulum by Means of a PPF Controller
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Mathematical Representation of the Excited Pendulum
- 3 Numerical Results
- 3.1 Bifurcation Diagrams
- 3.2 Chaos Control
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Efficiency Determinants in Tanzanian Private Hospitals: An Application of Tobit Model
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Review of Literature
- 3 Methodology
- 3.1 Sampling Techniques and Variables Selection
- 3.2 Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Tobit Model
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 4.1 Robustness Consideration
- 4.2 Determinants of Hospitals Efficiency
- 5 Conclusion and Implications
- References
- Engine Performance Evaluation Using Biodiesel Blends: Comparative Testing Using Mixed Edible Oils, Mixed Non-edible Oils, and Petroleum Diesel
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Materials and Method
- 2.1 Engine Testing
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 3.1 Physico-chemical Properties Characteristics of Biodiesel-Petroleum Diesel Blends
- 3.2 Brake Power of Engine
- 3.3 Engine Brake Specific Fuel Consumption
- 3.4 Exhaust Gas Temperature
- 3.5 Thermal Efficiency
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Colonialism and the Criminalization of Traditional Fishing in Mwanza, 1890-1960
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Research Methodology
- 3 Fish Taboos as Management Tools to the Local Fishing Communities
- 4 Discussion of Findings
- 4.1 Colonial Policies and the Criminalization of Traditional Fishing
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- The Political Economy of Cluster Development Initiatives in Tanzania: Institutional Framework and Emerging Challenges
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theory Underpinning the Study
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 5 Contractual Arrangements and Policy Strategies
- 6 Collaboration of Key Actors in Implementation of Cluster Development Initiatives
- 7 Institutional Challenges for Implementation of Cluster Development Initiatives
- 8 Conclusion
- References
- Adoption of Sustainability Practices by Textiles Firms:Implications for Competitiveness
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Sustainability in the Textile Industry
- 2 Methodology
- 2.1 Triple Bottom Line
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 3.1 Sustainability in the Textile Industry: Implication for Competitiveness
- 3.2 Offshore Textiles Firms Employing Sustainable Principles
- 3.3 Practices by Domestic Textiles Firms
- 3.4 Conclusion and Recommendations
- References
- The Influence of Cluster Development Initiatives on Small and Medium Enterprises Performance in Tanzania
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- A Decision Support System for Evaluating Cooking Fuels for Sustainable Development in Ghana
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Materials and Method
- 2.1 Selection of Cooking Fuels and Criteria
- 2.2 Cronbach's Alpha - Survey Questionnaire Reliability Test
- 2.3 Multicriteria Decision Making (MCDM) Methods
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Effect of Parametric Force on the Chaotic Behaviour of Flexible Rotor System Under the Influence of Mass Unbalanced
- 1 Introduction
- 2 A Model of the Rotor System
- 3 Nondimensionalization
- 4 Bifurcation Analysis
- 4.1 Dynamics 2 Program Parameters
- 5 Results and Discussions
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Concrete Rebar Corrosion Inhibitors - A Review of Sustainable Natural Inhibitors
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Corrosion of Steel Rebar
- 1.2 Steel Corrosion Mechanism in Concrete
- 2 Corrosion Inhibitors
- 3 Classification of Inhibitors
- 4 Natural Corrosion Inhibitors and Environments
- 5 Corrosion Inhibition Mechanism
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Education for All: A Recipe for Sustainability in Nigeria
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Literature Review
- 1.2 Inclusive Education
- 1.3 Education for All (EFA) and the Society: A Perspective
- 1.4 Nexus Between Education and Sustainability
- 2 Relevance of Education to Sustainable Development (RESD)
- 3 Challenges of Education for All (EFA)
- 4 Conclusion
- 5 Suggestions
- References
- Accessing Sustainable Quality Education in Rural Areas During Covid-19 in Anambra State, Nigeria
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 3 Statement of the Problem
- 4 Research Methodology
- 5 Educational Accessibility
- 6 Problem of Quality Educational Accessibility in Idemili North During Covid-19 Pandemic
- 7 Result
- 8 Conclusion and Recommendations
- References
- The Effect of a 3-Way Viscoelastic Bearing on Super-harmonic Resonance of the Flexible Rotor System
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Equations of Motion
- 2.1 Treatment of Systems Equations
- 3 Approximate Solution
- 3.1 For the Primary Resonance Case
- 3.2 For the Super-Harmonic Resonance Case
- 4 Results and Discussions
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Conditional Cash Transfer Programs
- Compliance to Health Conditions in Tanzania
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 2.1 Theories
- 2.2 Tanzania Conditional Cash Transfer Program
- 3 Methodology
- 3.1 Data
- 3.2 Logistic Regression for Compliance Status with Other Variables
- 4 Findings
- 5 Discussion
- 5.1 Compliance Status with Member's Age and Sex
- 5.2 Compliance Status with Chronic Illness
- 5.3 Compliance Status with Regard to Location
- 5.4 Compliance Status with Amount Paid and Time of Payment
- 5.5 Compliance Status with Proxy Means Test (PMT) Score
- 6 Conclusion and Recommendations
- References
- Risk Management Techniques by Small and Medium Size Contracting Firms
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings
- 4.1 Respondents' Profiles
- 5 Discussion
- 5.1 Factors Influencing the Choice of Risk Management Technique
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Translating the Global Goals to Local Implementation: SDG 11 in Focus
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 2.1 SDG 11, Stakeholders and Collaboration
- 2.2 Underpinning Theory - Stakeholder Theory
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 4.1 Stakeholders and Their Responsibilities in Addressing Human Settlement Concerns
- 4.2 The Extent of Collaboration Among Stakeholders - Ways of Collaborating
- 4.3 The Extent of Collaboration Among Stakeholders - Structures
- 5 Conclusion and Policy Implications
- References
- Analysis of Electrochemical Machining-Textured Surfaces Under Point Contacts in Rolling Tribo-Test
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Experimental Procedure
- 3.1 Test Specimens Design and Method
- 3.2 Test Equipment and Procedure
- 4 Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication (EHL) Regime
- 5 Findings and Discussion of Experimental Results
- 5.1 Friction Coefficients Under Lubricated Rolling Point Contact
- 6 Wear Track Analysis
- 6.1 Spacing Effect
- 6.2 Lapped Surface
- 7 EHL Regime Analysis
- 8 Conclusion
- References
- Challenges on Collective Information-Seeking Behaviour in Tanzanian Vocational Training Institutions (TVETS)
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Barriers Hinders the Group Information Seeking Processes
- 2 Methodology
- 2.1 Finding on Challenges Facing Student Groups in VET Institutions
- 3 Discussion of the Findings
- 3.1 Inadequacy of Connected Computers and Laboratories
- 3.2 Inadequate Systems and Tool Supports the Collaborative Information-Seeking
- 3.3 Absence of Libraries or Support From Librarians
- 3.4 Limited Awareness and Search Skills
- 3.5 Lack of Time to Seek Information
- 3.6 Negative Perception Towards Group Work
- 3.7 Language Barrier
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Investigation of Fuel Properties and Engine Analysis of Desert Dates Biodiesel of Ghanaian Origin
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Materials and Method
- 2.1 Physiochemical Properties of Kernel Oil of Desert Date
- 2.2 Local Extraction of Oil from the Nuts of the Desert Date
- 2.3 Desert Date Biodiesel (DDB) Production Using Transesterification Process
- 2.4 Engine Tests Equipment and Methods
- 3 Results and Discussions
- 3.1 Biodiesel (DDB) Properties
- 3.2 Elements Present in Fuels Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen (C, H, O)
- 3.3 Emissions
- 3.4 Engine Performance
- 3.5 Summary of Key Findings
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Effects of Sport Betting Practices on Income and Livelihood Among Youths in the Dodoma City, Tanzania
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 4.1 Income Level of Respondent
- 4.2 Effects of Sports Betting Practices on Income of Youth
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Marketing Services and Export Performance of Tanzanian Handicrafts Operators: Moderating Effect of Export Incentives
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theoretical Underpinnings
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 4.1 Marketing Archetypal for Handicrafts
- 4.2 Marketing Services
- 4.3 MSEs Export Performance
- 4.4 Home Market Export Incentives
- 4.5 Moderation of Export Incentives on Marketing Services-Export Performance
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Enhancement of the Complex Trigonometric Nonlinear Crank Mechanism for Energy Scavenging
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Model of the Geometrically Nonlinear Crank
- 2.1 Power Take-off Term and Its Functionality
- 3 Numerical Results
- 3.1 Bifurcation Diagrams and Poincaré Plots
- 3.2 Power Output
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Productivity Index of Horizontal Wells from Shut-In Pressure Data in Reservoirs with Partial Pressure Support
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Mathematical Formulation
- 2.1 Duhamel's Theorem Approach
- 2.2 Green's Function Approach
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 3.1 Analysis of Mathematical Models
- 3.2 Field Application
- 3.3 Discussions
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Participation of Women Local Political Leaders in Water Services in Tanzania
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theoretical Framework
- 3 Research Methodology
- 4 Findings
- 5 Discussion of Findings
- 6 Conclusion and Recommendations
- References
- Impact of Rainfall on the Flood Menace of the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 The Study Area
- 2 Methodology
- 3 Conclusions and Recommendations
- References
- Mineral Rent - Human Development Nexus: Experience from Selected Sub Sahara African Countries
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Results and Discussions
- 5 Conclusion and Policy Recommendations
- References
- Characterization Approach of Developed Oil Palm Fiber-Polymer Composites
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 3 Findings and Discussion
- 3.1 OPF-Epoxy (EP) Blend
- 3.2 OPF-Polyester (PS) Blend
- 3.3 OPF-Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE)
- 3.4 OPF-High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
- 3.5 OPF-Poly (Butylene) Succinate (PBS) Blend
- 3.6 OPF-Polypropylene (PP) Blend
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- The Dilemma of Using English Language in Tanzanian Higher Education
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theoretical Framework
- 3 Research Methodology
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 4.1 Results from Reliability Test
- 5 Students' Attitude Toward Using EL as a MoI and Communication
- 6 Instructors' Attitude Toward EL Usage as a MoI and Communication
- 7 Conclusion
- References
- Assessing Postgraduate Students' Satisfaction with Management Services in Residences of Higher Education Institutions for Lifelong Learning Opportunities
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Factors Affecting Satisfaction with Residences
- 3 Management Services Provided in Residences
- 4 Research Methodology
- 5 Findings and Discussion
- 5.1 Background Information of Respondents
- 5.2 Postgraduate Students' Satisfaction with Management Services
- 6 Conclusion and Recommendation
- References
- Ionizing Radiation Measurements at the Redeemer's Health Centre, Redemption Camp, Ogun State, Nigeria
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 2.1 Annual Effective Dose
- 3 Results and Discussion
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Effect of Teachers' Motivation Strategies on Customer Service in Tanzania
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theory Underpinning the Study
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 4.1 Motivation Strategies Employed by Schools' Management
- 5 Effect of Motivation Strategies on Students Customer Service
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Perceived Quality of NMB Bank PLC E-Banking Services in Tanzania
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 4.1 Reliability Test
- 5 Descriptive Statistics Results
- 5.1 Perceptions of Customers on E-Banking Services
- 6 Logistic Model Results
- 6.1 Model Description
- 7 Model Results
- 8 Conclusion
- References
- Organisational Factors Influencing Vendors' Participation in Public Electronic Procurement System in Ilala District, Tanzania
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theoretical Guidance
- 2.1 Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) Theory
- 3 Methodology
- 3.1 Reliability, Validity and Multicollinearity Test
- 4 Findings and Discussions
- 4.1 Theoretical Implications of the Study Findings
- 5 Conclusion and Recommendations
- References
- Covid-19 Consequences, Lessons and Opportunities for Addressing SDG 11: Evidence from Yilo Krobo Municipality of Ghana
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Underpinning Theories - Vulnerability and Resilience Theories
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 4.1 Consequences of Covid-19
- 4.2 Lessons and Opportunities
- 5 Conclusion and Policy Implications
- References
- Challenges Saddling the Adoption of Blended Learning in Technical Universities
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theoretical Basis of the Study
- 2.1 Challenges Saddling the Adoption of Blended Learning: A Review of Existing Literature
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 4.1 Respondents' Demographics
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Assessment of Risk of Development Project in Tanzania
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Findings and Discussion
- 4.1 Computation of Value at Risk (VaR) in Dar es Salaam Maritime Gateway Project (Monte Carlo Simulation)
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- The Optimization of Site Layout on Construction Sites for Efficiency in the Ghanaian Construction Industry
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theories Underpinning the Study
- 2.1 Definitions of Site Planning
- 3 Factors to be Considered in Achieving an Effective Site Layout Plan
- 3.1 Plot Size and Shape
- 3.2 Location of Project
- 3.3 Information Signs
- 3.4 Security
- 3.5 Accommodation and Craft Change-Houses
- 3.6 Utilities (Electricity, Water and Telecommunication)
- 3.7 Positioning of Construction Materials
- 3.8 Site Accessibility
- 3.9 Nature of Project
- 3.10 Construction Methods
- 4 Methodology
- 5 Findings and Discussion
- 5.1 Analysis of Kaiser-Meyer Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy
- 5.2 Analyses of Bartlett's Test of Sphericity
- 6 Discussion
- 7 Conclusion
- References
- Author Index
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