Polymers for Energy Storage and Conversion

Preface ix List of Contributors xi 1 High Performance Polymer Hydrogel based Materials for Fuel Cells 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Hydrogel Electrolyte 3 1.3 Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogel 4 Summary 19 References 20 2 PVAc Based Polymer Blend Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries 27 2.1 Introduction 27 Conclusion 49 References 49 3 Lithium Polymer Batteries Based on Ionic Liquids 53 3.1 Lithium Batteries 54 3.2 Lithium Polymer Batteries Containing Ionic Liquids 61 Battery Performance 88 Glossary 94 References 96 4 Organic Quantum Dots Grown by Molecular Layer Deposition for Photovoltaics 103 4.1 Introduction 104 4.2 Molecular Layer Deposition 105 4.3 Concept of Solar Cells with Organic Quantum Dots 107 4.4 Polymer Multiple Quantum Dots 110 4.5 Molecular Multiple Quantum Dots 120 4.6 Waveguide-Type Solar Cells 127 4.7 Summary 135 References 135 5 Solvent Effects in Polymer Based Organic Photovoltaics 137 5.1 Introduction 137 5.2 Solar Cell Device Structure and Prepartion 139 5.3 Spin-Coating of Active Layer 141 5.4 Inuence of Solvent on Morphology 143 5.5 Residual Solvent 152 5.6 Summary 156 Acknowledgment 157 References 157 6 Polymer-Inorganic Hybrid Solar Cells 163 6.1 Introduction 163 6.2 Hybrid Conjugated Polymer-Inorganic Semiconductor Composites 173 6.3 Conclusion 185 References 191 7 Semiconducting Polymer-based Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells 199 7.1 Introduction 199 7.2 Optical Properties of Semiconducting Polymers 200 7.3 Electrical Properties of Semiconducting Polymers 206 7.4 Mechanical Properties Polymer Solar Cells 208 7.5 Processing of Polymers 210 7.6 State-of-the-art of the Technology 212 References 213 8 Energy Gas Storage in Porous Polymers 215 8.1 Introduction 216 8.2 Microporous Organic Polymers 217 8.3 Characterization of MOPs 239 Conclusion 242 List of Abbreviation 242 References 243