English and American Studies

Name: English and American Studies | Theory and Practice
Brand: J.B. Metzler
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Theory and Practice

Martin Middeke(Author)

Christina Wald Hubert Zapf(Editor)

J.B. Metzler (Publisher)

Published on 17. August 2016

XV, 538 pages

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978-3-476-00406-2 (ISBN)

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Cover
Title
Copyright
Table of Contents
Preface of the Editors
Introduction
Part I: Literary Studies
1 Introducing Literary Studies
2 British Literary History
2.1 The Middle Ages
2.1.1 Terminology
2.1.2 Anglo-Saxon Literature
2.1.3 Middle English Court Cultures
2.1.4 Romances and Malory
2.1.5 Late Medieval Religious Literature
2.1.6 Oppositions and Subversions
2.2 The Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
2.2.1 Overview
2.2.2 Transformations of Antiquity
2.2.3 New Science and New Philosophy
2.2.4 Religious Literature: A Long Reformation
2.2.5 The Literary Culture of the Court and Popular Literature
2.2.6 European Englishness? Cultural Exchange versus Nation-Building
2.3 The Eighteenth Century
2.3.1 Terminology and Overview
2.3.2 The Enlightenment and the Public Sphere
2.3.3 Pope and Neoclassicism
2.3.4 The Public Sphere, Private Lives: The Novel 1719-1742
2.3.5 Scepticism, Sentimentalism, Sociability: The Novel After 1748
2.3.6 Literature of the Sublime: The Cult of Medievalism, Solitude and Excess
2.4 Romanticism
2.4.1 Romanticism as a Cultural Idiom
2.4.2 Theorising Romanticism
2.4.3 Modes of Romantic Poetry
2.4.4 Other Genres
2.4.5 Historicising Romanticism
2.5 The Victorian Age
2.5.1 Overview
2.5.2 The Spirit of the Age: Doubts, Unresolved Tensions, and the Triumph of Time
2.5.3 The Novel
2.5.4 Poetry
2.5.5 Drama
2.6 Modernism
2.6.1 Terminology
2.6.2 Scope and Periodization
2.6.3 Modernist Aesthetics
2.6.4 Central Concerns of Modernist Literature
2.7 Postmodernism
2.7.1 Terminology
2.7.2 Period, Genre, or Mode?
2.7.3 Conceptual Focus: Representation and Reality
2.7.4 Genre and Postmodern Literary History
2.7.5 Postmodern Developments in Britain and Ireland
2.7.6 After Postmodernism?
3 American Literary History
3.1 Early American Literature
3.1.1 Overview
3.1.2 Labor and Faith: English Writing, English Settlement (1584-1730)
3.1.3 A Revolutionary Literature (1730-1830)
3.1.4 Fictional Writing in the Early Republic
3.1.5 Voices From the Margins
3.2 American Renaissance
3.2.1 Terminology
3.2.2 Wider Historical Context
3.2.3 The Formation of an American Cultural Identity
3.2.4 Literary Marketplace
3.2.5 The Role of Women Writers
3.2.6 Industrialization, Technology, Science
3.2.7 Materialism vs. Idealism
3.2.8 Art and Society
3.3 Realism and Naturalism
3.3.1 Terminology
3.3.2 The Poetics of American Realism
3.3.3 William Dean Howells and the Historical Context of the Gilded Age
3.3.4 American Naturalism
3.4 Modernism
3.4.1 Terminology
3.4.2 The Two Discourses of Modernism
3.4.3 Early Modernism: Stein, Pound, Eliot
3.4.4 Home-Made Modernism
3.4.5 African American Modernism
3.4.6 Modernism and the Urban Sphere
3.4.7 Modernist Fiction
3.4.8 Late Modernism
3.5 Postmodern and Contemporary Literature
3.5.1 Overview
3.5.2 American Drama From Modernism to the Present
3.5.3 Transitions to Postmodernism in Poetry and Prose
3.5.4 American Poetry in the Later Twentieth and Early Twenty-First Centuries
3.5.5 Postmodern and Contemporary Fiction
4 The New Literatures in English
4.1 The History of the New Literatures in English
4.2 Global Englishes: Colonial Legacies, Multiculturalism, and New Diversity
4.3 The Concept of Diaspora
4.4 Globalization
4.5 Anglophone Literatures
4.5.1 Trinidad/Tobago
4.5.2 India
4.5.3 Canada
4.5.4 Nigeria
4.6 Conclusion
Part II: Literary and Cultural Theory
1 Formalism and Structuralism
1.1 Origins
1.2 Russian Formalism
1.3 New Criticism
1.4 French Structuralism
2 Hermeneutics and Critical Theory
2.1 The Philosophy of Universal Interpretation: Hermeneutics
2.2 The Frankfurt School and Critical Theory
2.3 Postmodern Marxism
3 Reception Theory
3.1 Reader-Response Criticism in the United States
3.2 The Constance School
3.3 Applying Reception Theory
4 Poststructuralism/Deconstruction
4.1 Derrida: Deconstruction
4.2 Foucault: Discourse, Knowledge, Power
4.3 Other Poststructuralist Thinkers
5 New Historicism and Discourse Analysis
5.1 General Aspects
5.2 Emergence and Characteristics
5.3 Critical Practice and Key Concepts
5.4 New Historicism and Contemporary Criticism
6 Gender Studies, Transgender Studies, Queer Studies
6.1 Changing Concepts of Gender
6.2 Transgender Studies and Queer Theory
6.3 Gender and Sexuality in English and American Studies
7 Psychoanalysis
7.1 Freud's Psychoanalysis
7.2 The Model of the Dream
7.3 Poststructuralist Psychoanalysis
7.4 Poststructuralist Psychoanalytic Literary Theory
7.5 Psychoanalysis and Gender Studies
7.6 Critical Race Studies, Postcolonial Studies
8 Pragmatism and Semiotics
8.1 Classical Pragmatism
8.2 The Pragmatic Maxim
8.3 A Key Tenet of Pragmatist Thinking: Anti-Cartesianism
8.4 Reality-A Somewhat Precarious Affair
8.5 A Very Brief History of Semiotics
8.6 The Linguistic Turn
9 Narratology
9.1 Definition
9.2 Narrativity
9.3 Major Categories of Narratology
10 Systems Theory
10.1 Consciousness and Communication
10.2 Medium vs. Form
10.3 Systems Theory and Reading/Analysing Texts
11 Cultural Memory
11.1 Definition
11.2 The Representation of Memory in Literature and Film: 'Traumatic Pasts'
11.3 The 'Afterlife' of Literature
11.4 Transnational and Transcultural Memory
12 Literary Ethics
12.1 Early Conceptualizations of the Connection Between Literature and Ethics
12.2 Twentieth-Century Literary Ethics Before 1970
12.3 Hard Times for Literary Ethics
12.4 The Ethical Turn of the 1990s and After
13 Cognitive Poetics
13.1 Definition
13.2 Beginnings
13.3 Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Blending Theory
13.4 Cognitive Poetics and Jazz Literature
13.5 Other Approaches
13.6 The Impact of Cognitive Poetics
14 Ecocriticism and Cultural Ecology
14.1 Emergence and Definitions of Ecocriticism
14.2 Directions of Ecocriticism
14.3 Critical Theory and Ecocriticism
14.4 From Natural Ecology to Cultural Ecology
14.5 Literature as Cultural Ecology
Part III: Cultural Studies
1 Transnational Approaches to the Study of Culture
1.1 Cultural and National Specificity of Approaches
1.2 The Study of Culture in an International Context
1.3 Trans/national Concepts of Culture
1.4 Cultural Turns in the Humanities
1.5 Travelling Concepts and Translation
1.6 From Cultural Studies to the Transnational Study of Culture
2 British Cultural Studies
2.1 The Rise and Fall of Cultural Studies
2.2 A Cultural History of Cultural Studies
2.3 Cultural Studies in Germany as Discipline and/or as Perspective
2.4 Cultural Studies, Kulturwissenschaft, and Medienwissenschaft
2.5 Theory and Methodology of Cultural (Media) Studies
2.6 Future Cultural (Media) Studies
3 American Cultural Studies
3.1 Beginnings
3.2 Myth and Symbol School
3.3 Popular Culture Studies
3.4 Ideological Criticism, New Historicism, New Americanists
3.5 Race and Gender Studies
3.6 Border Crossings, Multiple Identities, and Transnationalisms
4 Postcolonial Studies
4.1 Postcolonial Theory: A Contested Field
4.2 Colonial Discourse Analysis
4.3 Cultural Nationalism
4.4 Writing Back
4.5 Hybridity
4.6 Future Perspectives: Postcolonial Studies in the United States and Europe
5 Film and Media Studies
5.1 Introduction: Media Culture in the Electronic Age
5.2 Media Studies: Medium-Mediality-Materiality
5.3 Intermediality and Remediation
5.4 Literature and the (Audio-)Visual Media: Photography-Film-TV
Part IV: Analyzing Literature and Culture
1 Analyzing Poetry
1.1 Traditional Poetry
1.2 Experimental Poetry
2 Analyzing Prose Fiction
2.1 The Narrator
2.2 Symbol, Allegory, Image
2.3 Historical Subtexts
2.4 Other Approaches
3 Analyzing Drama
3.1 Genre and Dramaturgy
3.2 A New Historicist Reading
3.3 A Feminist Reading
3.4 A Psychoanalytic Reading
3.5 Metatheatricality
4 Analyzing Film
4.1 Film Narratology: Screening Subjectivity
4.2 The Example of Memento: Screening Memory and Oblivion
4.3 Filmic Adaptations of Literary Texts
5 Analyzing Culture
5.1 Football, Nationality, and Multiculturalism
5.2 Football, War, and Colonialism
5.3 Football, Gender, and Sexuality
Part V: Linguistics
1 Introducing Linguistics
2 Linguistic Theories, Approaches, and Methods
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The Turn Towards Modern Linguistics
2.2.1 The Pre-Structuralist Tradition in the Nineteenth Century
2.2.2 Saussure and His Impact
2.3 American Structuralism
2.3.1 Bloomfield on Phonemes
2.3.2 Fries on Word Classes
2.3.3 Gleason on Immediate Constituents
2.4 Generative Grammar and Case Grammar
2.4.1 Chomsky's Generative Grammar
2.4.2 Case Grammar: Fillmore's 'Semanticization' of Generative Grammar
2.5 Cognitive Approaches
2.5.1 Prototype Theory
2.5.2 Conceptual Metaphor Theory
2.5.3 Construction Grammar
2.6 Psycholinguistic Approaches
2.7 Corpus-Based Approaches
2.8 Summary and Outlook
3 History and Change
3.1 Language Change: Forces and Principles
3.2 From Manuscript to Corpus Studies: Sources and Tools
3.3 Language History and Linguistic Periodisation
3.4 Major Changes on Different Linguistic Levels
3.4.1 Historical Phonology and Orthography
3.4.2 Changes in Grammar: Inflection and Word Order
3.4.3 Changes in the Lexicon: Borrowing, Lexical Restructuring and Semantic Change
3.5 Variation and Standardisation
4 Forms and Structures
4.1 The Sound Pattern of English
4.2 Word Formation
4.3 Grammar
4.3.1 Typological Classification of Languages
4.3.2 The Formal Description of English Grammar
4.4 The Lexicon
4.5 Outlook: English among the European Languages
5 Text and Context
5.1 Pragmatics
5.1.1 Approaching Pragmatics
5.1.2 Historical Overview
5.1.3 Pragmatics Outside and Within Linguistics
5.1.4 Deixis
5.1.5 Language Functions
5.1.6 Speech Acts
5.1.7 Implied and Implicated Meanings
5.1.8 Common Ground and Context
5.2 Text Analysis
5.2.1 The Origins of Text (and Discourse) Analysis
5.2.2 Giving Structure to Text: Participation Frameworks and Text Organization
5.2.3 Giving Meaning to Text: Cohesion and Coherence
5.3 Outlook
6 Standard and Varieties
6.1 Introduction: Notions and Ideologies
6.2 Varieties of English: A Survey
6.2.1 Varieties and Variety Types: Some Illustrative Examples
6.2.2 Parameters of Variation
6.2.3 Contact-Derived Variability
6.3 Standards of English
6.3.1 Standard British English and RP
6.3.2 Standard American English
6.3.3 Differences Between National Standard Varieties
6.3.4 The Pluricentricity of English: New Standard Varieties
6.4 Regional Variation and Varieties
6.4.1 Dialect Geography: Approaches and Assessments
6.4.2 Dialectology in Great Britain
6.4.3 Dialectology in North America
6.4.4 British and American Dialects: Regional Divisions
6.5 Social Variation and Varieties
6.6 World Englishes: New Institutionalized Varieties
6.7 Outlook
Part VI: Didactics: The Teaching of English
1 The Theory and Politics of English Language Teaching
1.1 The Politics of Global English
1.2 The Politics of EFL in Germany
1.3 Englische Fachdidaktik as a Bridge or Link Discipline
2 Language Learning
2.1 The Limits of Institutionalized Language Teaching/Learning
2.2 Defining and Describing Competences
2.3 Categorizing Competences
2.4 Theories and Methods of Language Teaching
2.5 Good Language Teachers and Good Language Learners
2.6 Learning in the Classroom and Learning Beyond the Classroom
3 Teaching Literature
3.1 Definition, Field of Tasks, and History of the Discipline
3.2 The Acquisition of Competences
3.3 Criteria for Text Selection
3.4 Methods of Teaching Literature
Part VII: Study Aids
1 Methods and Techniques of Research and Academic Writing
1.1 Preparing a Term Paper: Topic and Planning
1.2 Research
1.3 Writing a Term Paper: Structure and Rhetorical Strategies
1.4 Formatting a Term Paper: Stylistic Guidelines
1.5 Conclusion
2 Study Aids
2.1 Literature
2.2 Culture
2.3 Language
2.4 Teaching
List of Contributors
Index
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